37results about How to "Promotes uniform deposition" patented technology

A rechargeable lithium-sulfur cell comprising a cathode, an anode, a separator electronically separating the two electrodes, a first electrolyte in contact with the cathode, and a second electrolyte in contact with the anode, wherein the first electrolyte contains a first concentration, C1, of a first lithium salt dissolved in a first solvent when the first electrolyte is brought in contact with the cathode, and the second electrolyte contains a second concentration, C2, of a second lithium salt dissolved in a second solvent when the second electrolyte is brought in contact with the anode, wherein C1 is less than C2. The cell exhibits an exceptionally high specific energy and a long cycle life.

Provided is a lithium-selenium battery, comprising a cathode, an anode, and a porous separator / electrolyte assembly, wherein the anode comprises an anode active layer containing lithium or lithium alloy as an anode active material, and the cathode comprises a cathode active layer comprising a selenium-containing material, wherein an anode-protecting layer is disposed between the anode active layer and the separator / electrolyte and / or a cathode-protecting layer is disposed between the cathode active layer and the separator / electrolyte; the protecting layer comprising from 0.01% to 40% by weight of a conductive reinforcement material and from 0.01% to 40% by weight of an electrochemically stable inorganic filler dispersed in a sulfonated elastomeric matrix material and having a thickness from 1 nm to 100 μm, a fully recoverable tensile strain from 2% to 500%, a lithium ion conductivity from 10−7 S / cm to 5×10−2 S / cm, and an electrical conductivity from 10−7 S / cm to 100 S / cm.

Provided is a rechargeable alkali metal-sulfur cell comprising an anode layer, an electrolyte and a porous separator, a cathode layer, and a discrete anode-protecting layer disposed between the anode layer and the separator and / or a discrete cathode-protecting layer disposed between the separator and the cathode active material layer; wherein the anode-protecting layer or cathode-protecting layer comprises a conductive sulfonated elastomer composite having from 0.01% to 50% by weight of a conductive reinforcement material dispersed in a sulfonated elastomeric matrix material and the protective layer has a thickness from 1 nm to 50 μm, a fully recoverable tensile strain from 2% to 500%, a lithium ion conductivity from 10−7 S / cm to 5×10−2 S / cm, and an electrical conductivity from 10−7 S / cm to 100 S / cm. This battery exhibits an excellent combination of high sulfur content, high sulfur utilization efficiency, high energy density, and long cycle life.

Provided is a lithium secondary battery, comprising a cathode, an anode, and a porous separator or electrolyte, wherein the anode comprises: (a) an anode active layer containing a layer of lithium or lithium alloy, in a form of a foil, coating, or multiple particles aggregated together, as an anode active material; and (b) an anode-protecting layer of a conductive sulfonated elastomer composite, disposed between the anode active layer and the separator / electrolyte; wherein the composite has from 0.01% to 40% by weight of a conductive reinforcement material and from 0.01% to 40% by weight of an inorganic filler dispersed in a sulfonated elastomeric matrix material and the protecting layer has a thickness from 1 nm to 100 μm, a fully recoverable tensile strain from 2% to 500%, a lithium ion conductivity from 10−7 S / cm to 5×10−2 S / cm, and an electrical conductivity from 10−7 S / cm to 100 S / cm.

A membrane composition comprising an inorganic substrate which has a coating of an associating polymer. The membrane composition includes an inorganic substrate selected from the group consisting of a porous silica hollow tube, an alumina hollow tube and a ceramic monolith.

A electroplating apparatus which is suitable for depositing a metal layer of substantially uniform thickness across the center and edge regions of a semiconductor wafer substrate is disclosed. The apparatus includes a reservoir for containing an electrolytic fluid. A cathode, to which is mounted a wafer, and an anode in the electrolytic fluid are connected to an electroplating current source. A shield is provided between the cathode and anode to facilitate a more uniform deposit of the metal onto the wafer across the entire surface, including the center and edge regions, of the wafer.

An electrochemical cell including at least one nitrogen-containing compound is disclosed. The at least one nitrogen-containing compound may form part of or be included in: an anode structure, a cathode structure, an electrolyte and / or a separator of the electrochemical cell. Also disclosed is a battery including the electrochemical cell.

The invention provides a method of improving the cycle-life of a rechargeable alkali metal-sulfur cell. The method comprises implementing an anode-protecting layer between an anode active material layer and a porous separator / electrolyte, and / or implementing a cathode-protecting layer between a cathode active material and the porous separator / electrolyte, wherein the anode-protecting layer or cathode-protecting layer comprises a conductive sulfonated elastomer composite having from 0.01% to 40% by weight of a conductive reinforcement material and from 0.01% to 40% by weight of an electrochemically stable inorganic filler dispersed in a sulfonated elastomeric matrix material and the protecting layer has a thickness from 1 nm to 100 μm, a fully recoverable tensile strain from 2% to 500%, a lithium ion conductivity from 10−7 S / cm to 5×10−2 S / cm, and an electrical conductivity from 10−7 S / cm to 100 S / cm when measured at room temperature.

The invention provides a method of improving the anode stability and cycle-life of a lithium metal secondary battery. The method comprises implementing two anode-protecting layers between an anode active material layer and an electrolyte or electrolyte / separator assembly. These two layers comprise (a) a first anode-protecting layer having a thickness from 1 nm to 100 μm (preferably <1 μm and more preferably <100 nm) and comprising a lithium ion-conducting material having a lithium ion conductivity from 10−8 S / cm to 5×10−2 S / cm; and (b) a second anode-protecting layer having a thickness from 1 nm to 100 μm and comprising an elastomer having a fully recoverable tensile elastic strain from 2% to 1,000% (preferably >10% more preferably >100%) and a lithium ion conductivity from 10−8 S / cm to 5×10−2 S / cm.

Provided is a lithium secondary battery, comprising a cathode, an anode, and a porous separator or electrolyte, wherein the anode comprises: (a) an anode active layer containing a layer of lithium or lithium alloy, in a form of a foil, coating, or multiple particles aggregated together, as an anode active material; (b) a first anode-protecting layer having a thickness from 1 nm to 100 μm (preferably <1 μm and more preferably <100 nm) and comprising a lithium ion-conducting material having a lithium ion conductivity from 108 S / cm to 5×10−2 S / cm; and (c) a second anode-protecting layer having a thickness from 1 nm to 100 μm and comprising an elastomer having a fully recoverable tensile elastic strain from 2% to 1,000% and a lithium ion conductivity from 108 S / cm to 5×10−2 S / cm.

It discloses a texturing method for a diamond wire cut polycrystalline silicon slice, including the following steps: firstly, immersing the diamond wire cut polycrystalline silicon slice into a mixed aqueous solution of an alkali solution and an alkali reaction control agent, removing a damaged layer on a surface of the silicon slice, and then immersing the silicon slice into a hydrofluoric acid solution containing inorganic ions and organic molecules for reaction; secondly, pretreating the polycrystalline silicon surface by a mixed solution of hydrofluoric acid and hydrogen peroxide, adding a pore-forming regulator at the same time, and finally texturing the surface of the silicon slice by a mixed acid solution of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid.

The invention provides a method of improving the anode stability and cycle-life of a lithium metal secondary battery. The method comprises implementing two anode-protecting layers between an anode active material layer and an electrolyte / separator assembly. These two layers comprise (a) a first anode-protecting layer having a thickness from 1 nm to 100 μm, a specific surface area greater than 50 m2 / g and comprising a thin layer of electron-conducting material selected from graphene sheets, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, carbon or graphite fibers, expanded graphite flakes, metal nanowires, conductive polymer fibers, or a combination thereof; and (b) a second anode-protecting layer having a thickness from 1 nm to 100 μm and comprising an elastomer having a fully recoverable tensile elastic strain from 2% to 1,000% (preferably >10%) and a lithium ion conductivity from 10−8 S / cm to 5×10−2 S / cm.

Provided is a lithium metal secondary battery comprising a cathode, an anode, an electrolyte-separator assembly disposed between the cathode and the anode, wherein the anode comprises: (a) an anode active material layer containing a layer of lithium or lithium alloy optionally supported by an anode current collector; and (b) an anode-protecting layer in physical contact with the anode active material layer and in ionic contact with the electrolyte-separator assembly, having a thickness from 10 nm to 500 μm and comprising an elastic polymer foam having a fully recoverable elastic compressive strain from 2% to 500% and pores having a pore volume fraction from 5% to 95% (most preferably 50-95%); wherein preferably the pores are interconnected.

The invention provides a method of improving the cycle-life of a lithium metal secondary battery containing a non-solid state electrolyte, the method comprising implementing an anode-protecting layer between an anode active material layer and a cathode active material layer without using a porous separator, wherein the anode-protecting layer is in a close physical contact with the anode active material layer, has a thickness from 1 nm to 100 μm and comprises an elastomer having a fully recoverable tensile elastic strain from 2% to 1,000% and a lithium ion conductivity from 10−8 S / cm to 5×10−2 S / cm when measure at room temperature and wherein the anode active material layer contains a layer of lithium or lithium alloy, in a form of a foil, coating, or multiple particles aggregated together, as an anode active material.

A rechargeable lithium-sulfur cell comprising a cathode, an anode, a separator electronically separating the two electrodes, a first electrolyte in contact with the cathode, and a second electrolyte in contact with the anode, wherein the first electrolyte contains a first concentration, C1, of a first lithium salt dissolved in a first solvent when the first electrolyte is brought in contact with the cathode, and the second electrolyte contains a second concentration, C2, of a second lithium salt dissolved in a second solvent when the second electrolyte is brought in contact with the anode, wherein C1 is less than C2. The cell exhibits an exceptionally high specific energy and a long cycle life.

The invention provides a method of improving the cycle-life of a rechargeable alkali metal-sulfur cell. The method comprises implementing an anode-protecting layer between an anode active material layer and a porous separator / electrolyte, and / or implementing a cathode-protecting layer between a cathode active material and the porous separator / electrolyte, wherein the anode-protecting layer or cathode-protecting layer comprises a conductive sulfonated elastomer composite having from 0.01% to 50% by weight of a conductive reinforcement material dispersed in a sulfonated elastomeric matrix material and the protecting layer has a thickness from 1 nm to 100 μm, a fully recoverable tensile strain from 2% to 500%, a lithium ion conductivity from 10−7 S / cm to 5×10−2 S / cm, and an electrical conductivity from 10−7 S / cm to 100 S / cm when measured at room temperature. This battery exhibits an excellent combination of high sulfur content, high sulfur utilization efficiency, high energy density, and long cycle life.

Provided is a rechargeable alkali metal-sulfur cell comprising an anode active material layer, a cathode active material layer, a discrete anode-protecting layer disposed between the anode active material layer and the cathode active material layer, and an electrolyte (but no porous separator), wherein the anode-protecting layer has a thickness from 1 nm to 100 μm and comprises an elastomer having a fully recoverable tensile elastic strain from 2% to 1,000% and a lithium ion conductivity from 10−8 S / cm to 5×10−2 S / cm when measure at room temperature. The cathode layer comprises a sulfur-containing material selected from a sulfur-carbon hybrid, sulfur-graphite hybrid, sulfur-graphene hybrid, conducting polymer-sulfur hybrid, metal sulfide, sulfur compound, or a combination thereof. This battery exhibits an excellent combination of high sulfur content, high sulfur utilization efficiency, high energy density, no known dendrite issue, no dead lithium or dead sodium issue, and a long cycle life.

Provided is a lithium secondary battery, comprising a cathode, an anode, and a porous separator or electrolyte, wherein the anode comprises: (a) an anode active layer containing a layer of lithium or lithium alloy, in a form of a foil, coating, or multiple particles aggregated together, as an anode active material; (b) a first anode-protecting layer having a thickness from 1 nm to 100 μm (preferably <1 μm and more preferably <100 nm) and comprising a lithium ion-conducting material having a lithium ion conductivity from 10−8 S / cm to 5×10−2 S / cm; and (c) a second anode-protecting layer having a thickness from 1 nm to 100 μm and comprising an elastomer having a fully recoverable tensile elastic strain from 2% to 1,000% and a lithium ion conductivity from 10−8 S / cm to 5×10−2 S / cm.

Provided is a method of improving a cycle-life of a rechargeable alkali metal-sulfur cell, the method comprising implementing an electronically non-conducting anode-protecting layer between an anode active material layer and a cathode active material without using a porous separator in the cell, wherein the anode-protecting layer has a thickness from 1 nm to 100 μm and comprises an elastomer having a fully recoverable tensile elastic strain from 2% to 1,000%, a lithium ion or sodium ion conductivity from 10−8 S / cm to 5×10−2 S / cm, and an electronic conductivity less than 10−4 S / cm when measured at room temperature. This battery exhibits an excellent combination of high sulfur content, high sulfur utilization efficiency, high energy density, no known dendrite issue, no dead lithium or dead sodium issue, and a long cycle life.

Provided is a method of improving the cycle-life of a lithium metal secondary battery, the method comprising implementing an anode-protecting layer between an anode active material layer (or an anode current collector layer substantially without any lithium when the battery is made) and a porous separator / electrolyte assembly, wherein the anode-protecting layer is in a close physical contact with the anode active material layer (or the anode current collector), has a thickness from 10 nm to 500 μm and comprises an elastic polymer foam having a fully recoverable compressive elastic strain from 2% to 500% and interconnected pores and wherein the anode active material layer contains a layer of lithium or lithium alloy, in a form of a foil, coating, or multiple particles aggregated together, as an anode active material.

The invention discloses a preparation method for silver-coated copper powder, and relates to the technical field of advanced electronic materials. The preparation method for the silver-coated copper powder reduces the concentration of silver ions on the surface of copper powder through replacement of silver ion complexing agents in chemical treatment liquid to complex the silver ions; meanwhile, copper ions are uniformly discharged more easily by copper ion complexing agents to accelerate uniform deposition of silver atoms on the surface of the copper powder; and the silver ion complexing agents and the copper ion complexing agents achieve a cooperative acceleration effect, so that the complexing efficiency of the silver ions and the copper ions on the surface of the copper powder is improved, the deposition speed of the silver atoms on the surface of the copper powder is further accelerated, the quick generation and the uniform coverage of silver coating layers on the surface of the copper powder are realized, the technical problems of lower silver coating efficiency on the surface of traditional silver-coated copper powder and weaker quality of the silver coating layers are solved, and the technical effects of improving the surface silver coating effect of the silver-coated copper powder and the silver coating quality are achieved.

Provided is a rechargeable alkali metal-sulfur cell comprising an anode active material layer, a cathode active material layer, a discrete anode-protecting layer disposed between the anode active material layer and the cathode active material layer, and an electrolyte (but no porous separator), wherein the anode-protecting layer has a thickness from 1 nm to 100 μm and comprises an elastomer having a fully recoverable tensile elastic strain from 2% to 1,000% and a lithium ion conductivity from 10−8 S / cm to 5×10−2 S / cm when measure at room temperature. The cathode layer comprises a sulfur-containing material selected from a sulfur-carbon hybrid, sulfur-graphite hybrid, sulfur-graphene hybrid, conducting polymer-sulfur hybrid, metal sulfide, sulfur compound, or a combination thereof. This battery exhibits an excellent combination of high sulfur content, high sulfur utilization efficiency, high energy density, no known dendrite issue, no dead lithium or dead sodium issue, and a long cycle life.

Provided is a rechargeable alkali metal-sulfur cell comprising an anode layer, an electrolyte and a porous separator, a cathode layer, and a discrete anode-protecting layer disposed between the anode layer and the separator and / or a discrete cathode-protecting layer disposed between the separator and the cathode active material layer; wherein the anode-protecting layer or cathode-protecting layer comprises a conductive sulfonated elastomer composite having from 0.01% to 50% by weight of a conductive reinforcement material dispersed in a sulfonated elastomeric matrix material and the protective layer has a thickness from 1 nm to 50 μm, a fully recoverable tensile strain from 2% to 500%, a lithium ion conductivity from 10−7 S / cm to 5×10−2 S / cm, and an electrical conductivity from 10−7 S / cm to 100 S / cm. This battery exhibits an excellent combination of high sulfur content, high sulfur utilization efficiency, high energy density, and long cycle life.

Provided is a lithium secondary battery, comprising a cathode, an anode, and a porous separator or electrolyte disposed between the cathode and the anode, wherein the anode comprises: (a) an anode active layer containing a layer of lithium or lithium alloy, in a form of a foil, coating, or multiple particles aggregated together, as an anode active material; and (b) an anode-protecting layer of a conductive sulfonated elastomer composite, disposed between the anode active layer and the separator / electrolyte; wherein the composite has from 0.01% to 50% by weight of a conductive reinforcement material dispersed in a sulfonated elastomeric matrix material and the protecting layer has a thickness from 1 nm to 100 μm, a fully recoverable tensile strain from 2% to 500%, a lithium ion conductivity from 10−7 S / cm to 5×10−2 S / cm, and an electrical conductivity from 10−7 S / cm to 100 S / cm.