21 results about "Sulfur utilization" patented technology

Methods and associated production plants are disclosed for producing concentrated oleum or sulfur trioxide therefrom with high purity, and particularly with minimal sulfur dioxide. The methods involve use of a single contact, single absorption sulfuric acid plant operating under an unconventional set of parameters including: reacting sulfur and high purity oxygen in a combustion reactor to form sulfur dioxide at a concentration between 11.5 and 20% by volume and with an atypical oxygen to sulfur dioxide molar ratio ≥ 1; atypically catalytically converting > 96% by volume of the sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide in a contact apparatus; and atypically recycling > 95% by volume of the total gases from an absorption apparatus to the combustion reactor. Concentrated oleum with < 300 ppm dissolved sulfur dioxide can desirably be produced with sulfur utilization ≥ 80% using a smaller, cost-effective sulfuric acid plant. The co-production of unnecessary sulfuric acid can also be reduced.

The invention discloses a tellurium-doped sulfurized polyacrylonitrile potassium storage negative electrode material and a potassium ion total battery, and belongs to the field of potassium ion batteries. In order to solve the technical problems of low sulfur utilization rate and poor rate capability when sulfurized polyacrylonitrile is used as a potassium storage negative electrode material, the tellurium-doped sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (Te-SPAN) material with high performance is synthesized in a tellurium doping manner. In the tellurium-doped sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (Te-SPAN), the content of tellurium is lower than 5%, the content of sulfur is 33%-39%, and the content of carbon is 59%-62%. When the Te-SPAN is used as a potassium storage negative electrode material, the Te-SPAN shows high potassium storage capacity, excellent rate capability and cycling stability. In addition, the potassium ion total battery assembled based on the composite negative electrode and the low-defect manganese potassium hexacyanoferrate positive electrode also shows very excellent electrochemical performance.

This invention discloses a resource-based treatment system and method for barium sulfide slag. The system involves crushing and leaching the barium sulfide slag using a pretreatment unit, thereby leaching out the barium sulfide. The barium-enriched washing solution is then processed through an electrophoretic deep treatment unit to achieve high-value recovery of sulfur and barium elements, ultimately realizing the resource utilization of the barium slag. The entire process is pollution-free and has the advantages of being environmentally friendly, having high added value, high sulfur utilization efficiency, low cost, and simple operation. It is suitable for large-scale industrial applications and has broad market prospects and significant economic benefits.

This invention discloses a modified separator for lithium-sulfur batteries, its preparation method, and its application. The modified separator comprises a base film and a modified layer disposed on one side of the base film. The modified layer comprises a dual rare-earth metal selenide-boron-nitrogen co-doped functionalized carbon nanotube hybrid material. The preparation method is as follows: S1, functionalized carbon nanotubes, a boron source, a nitrogen source, and a solvent are mixed, and then ultrasonically dispersed and stirred until the boron and nitrogen sources are completely dissolved to obtain a carbon nanotube solution; a selenium source, a reducing agent, and a nucleating agent are mixed to obtain a mixed solution; S2, the carbon nanotube solution is mixed with the mixed solution, cerium salt, and lanthanum salt, and a solvothermal reaction is performed. The solid is then separated to obtain the hybrid material. This invention, by modifying the separator towards the sulfur cathode with a specific hybrid material, provides a large number of adsorption sites and effectively anchors and catalyzes the conversion of lithium polysulfides, effectively improving the deposition kinetics of Li2S and increasing sulfur utilization, thereby enhancing the long-cycle stability of lithium-sulfur batteries.

The invention discloses a multifunctional Janus composite diaphragm, a preparation method and application, the diaphragm is formed by coating two sides of a Celgard diaphragm with different functional layers, one side is a Fe / Bi-S-C coating layer, the Fe / Bi-S-C coating layer obtains hydrogel microspheres through a sol-gel reaction of chitosan, dopamine and a metal salt precursor, the hydrogel microspheres are subjected to freeze drying, carbonization and sulfuration treatment, and the multifunctional Janus composite diaphragm is obtained. FeS and Bi2S3 nanoparticles are generated in situ in the carbon skeleton; and a stable Van der Waals heterojunction layer assembled by BN and MXene nanosheets is arranged on the other side of the Van der Waals heterojunction layer. According to the Janus composite diaphragm disclosed by the invention, through the synergistic strengthening effect of the functional layers coated on the two sides, the diaphragm not only can effectively inhibit the generation and growth of lithium dendrites, but also can efficiently capture and catalyze the conversion of polysulfides, so that the cycling stability and sulfur utilization rate of a battery are remarkably improved. The diaphragm realizes collaborative optimization in the aspects of mechanical stability, thermal safety and electrochemical performance.

A method for producing sulfurizcd-carbon cathode materials for electrochemical cells involves mixing carbon nanofibers, sulfur, and a monomer (e.g., acrylonitrile) to form a mixture, polymerizing the monomer to encapsulate the nanofibers and sulfur within a polymer matrix (e.g., polyacrylonitrile), and pyrolyzing the matrix to chemically bond carbon from the polymer to the nanofibers and sulfur, yielding sulfurized-carbon particles fused to the nanofibers. The pyrolyzed material forms a fluffy powder that is compressed into a free-standing dry film, wherein the nanofibers and longer nanofiber yarns create a three-dimensional conductive network enhancing mechanical stability and electrical conductivity. The film is laminated to a current collector to form a cathode. Optional pore- loading with molecular sulfur improves capacity and cycle life, achieving >70% sulfur utilization without wet processing solvents.

The present invention discloses a neodymium-doped nickel oxide hollow metal oxide and its preparation method and application. The material is a hollow nano-microsphere composed of neodymium-doped nickel oxide metal oxide nanoparticles, wherein the molar ratio of nickel to neodymium is (20-100):1. The method of the present invention synthesizes a neodymium-doped nickel oxide (Nd‑dop NiO) composite material with a nano-microsphere morphology composed of hollow metal oxide nanoparticles by improving the sol-gel method, comprising the steps of dissolution, solidification, and carbonization, so that the obtained material is a nano-microsphere composed of hollow nanoparticles, which has a large number of adsorption active sites and a large specific surface area, and can better anchor polysulfides in the positive electrode, serving as a sulfur species encapsulation skeleton and providing a conductive framework; at the same time, it has good catalytic activity, which is conducive to accelerating the conversion of polysulfides and enhancing reaction kinetics. The material of the present invention slows down the shuttle effect of polysulfides through the dual effects of adsorption and catalysis, thereby improving the utilization rate and cycle stability of sulfur.

The application discloses a kind of sulfur-coordinated iron single-atom modified radial gradient pore nitrogen-doped carbon lithium-sulfur battery positive electrode carrier materials and preparation method and application, belong to lithium-sulfur battery positive electrode material technical field.Oxidized graphene is mixed and dispersed in water with cellulose nanofiber, to form dispersion, zinc salt and iron salt are prepared mixed metal salt solution is added to the dispersion, composite hydrogel is formed by electrostatic self-assembly and is immersed in the solution containing sulfur organic precursor, to obtain sulfur-containing composite hydrogel;After directional freezing, freeze-drying, the aerogel precursor with radial gradient pore structure is obtained;In inert atmosphere protection, with solid-state nitrogen source in isothermal zone but non-contact, program temperature carbonization treatment is carried out, and the sulfur-coordinated iron single-atom modified radial gradient pore nitrogen-doped carbon lithium-sulfur battery positive electrode carrier material is obtained.By sulfur-coordinated regulation atomic activity and radial gradient pore optimization mass transfer synergy, the sulfur utilization, rate performance and cycle life are significantly improved.

The utility model relates to the technical field of desulfurization of combined washing towers, and discloses a combined washing tower with a tail gas desulfurization pre-absorption structure, which comprises a combined washing tower and an absorption tower arranged on the right side of the combined washing tower. According to the combined washing tower with the tail gas desulfurization pre-absorption structure, the reverse spraying pre-absorption section is additionally arranged, so that the SO2 absorption efficiency can be improved, downward radial flow flue gas and upward spraying under-rich amine liquid are subjected to variable flow state turbulent bubble type contact to form a gas-in-liquid SO2 absorption reaction, and after the flue gas and spraying liquid are subjected to the variable flow state turbulent bubble type contact reaction, the SO2 absorption efficiency is improved. The gas-liquid mixture downwards enters a lower absorption chamber of the organic amine desulfurization tower for gas-liquid separation, so that the pre-absorption operation is completed, the desulfurization efficiency can be effectively improved, the emission of SO2 in tail gas is reduced, the risk of environmental protection accidents is avoided, meanwhile, the sulfur utilization rate is effectively improved, and better economic benefits are generated; the problems that the desulfurization efficiency is low, and tail gas exceeds the standard seriously are solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium-sulfur batteries, in particular to a lithium-sulfur battery catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dispersing cuprous oxide, a surfactant, a cobalt source and a sodium thiosulfate solution in a solvent, and reacting to obtain a cobalt hydroxide / cuprous oxide core-shell structure catalyst; carrying out heat treatment on the cobalt hydroxide / cuprous oxide core-shell structure catalyst in an air atmosphere to obtain a cobaltosic oxide / copper oxide core-shell structure catalyst; and mixing the cobaltosic oxide / copper oxide core-shell structure catalyst, carbon quantum dots and water, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction to obtain the lithium-sulfur battery catalyst. The lithium-sulfur battery catalyst can improve sulfur positive electrode catalytic conversion kinetics, improve the sulfur utilization rate and improve the specific capacity and cycling stability of a lithium-sulfur battery, and the catalyst is stable in structure, simple in process, low in cost and wide in application prospect.

Electrolyte systems for lithium-based batteries address challenges including polysulfide shuttling, lithium dendrite formation, and strict electrolyte composition requirements through improved solvents, electron withdrawing compounds, lithium ion-transporting compounds, and performance enhancing additives. The electrolyte systems further incorporate phenyl-based chalcogenide compounds, including Diphenyl sulfide, Diphenyl diselenide, and Diphenyl ditelluride, as redox mediators having redox potentials proximate to the Li-S redox potential. The redox mediators undergo reduction at the cathode surface and diffuse through the electrolyte to mediate electron transfer to lithium polysulfides not in direct contact with conductive surfaces, facilitating conversion to Li2S and improving active material utilization. Diphenyl ditelluride demonstrates superior capacity enhancement across discharge rates from 0.1 C to 1 C. These developments provide synergistic benefits including improved charge / discharge capacity, Coulombic efficiency, cycle life, and sulfur utilization while reducing polysulfide shuttling and lithium dendrite formation.

The application discloses a lithium-sulfur battery gel electrode based on PECA-N slow release polymerization and a preparation method thereof, relates to the technical field of lithium-sulfur battery preparation, and is characterized in that, in the technical route of pre-freezing and low-temperature polymerization, the slow release polymerization of ethyl cyanoacrylate is realized by taking nitrogen-methyl pyrrolidone as an initiator, and the obtained polymer polyethyl cyanoacrylate (PECA-N) is used to prepare a gel electrode, so that the utilization rate of sulfur and the performance of the battery can be obviously improved, the stability of the electrode structure and the cycle life are greatly enhanced, and the occurrence of the "shuttle effect" is obviously slowed down.

The invention belongs to the technical field of environment-friendly water treatment, and particularly relates to a composite filler and a preparation method thereof. The composite material comprises an aggregate and a slurry coating layer coating the aggregate, the slurry coating layer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0-25 parts of iron powder; 0-20 parts of elemental sulfur powder; 5 to 15 parts of ferrous disulfide; 5-12 parts of activated carbon; 3-5 parts of aluminate cement; and 3-12 parts of a pH regulator. Construction waste or spoil ceramsite is used as aggregate, efficient nitrogen removal, COD degradation and high-strength adsorption of phosphorus, H2S and other harmful gases are achieved through iron, carbon and sulfur in a slurry coating layer, ferrous disulfide can slowly release a sulfur source, the sulfur autotrophy duration time is prolonged, the sulfur utilization rate is increased, and the cost is effectively reduced while the use amount of active ingredients is reduced; the invention can effectively solve the problems of acid-base imbalance of the building waste filler, high cost of functional filler, low utilization rate and difficulty in COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) degradation.

The present disclosure relates to an electrolyte solution for use in a lithium-sulfur battery, and includes a Lewis acidic additive including a cation having higher Lewis acidity than a lithium ion. It is possible to suppress polysulfide dissolution in the electrolyte solution and improve ionic conductivity of the electrolyte solution and sulfur utilization, thereby achieving stable operation of the lithium-sulfur battery with lean electrolyte and high capacity.

The invention discloses a lithium-sulfur battery gel electrode based on PECA-N slow-release polymerization and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of lithium-sulfur battery preparation. Nitrogen-methyl pyrrolidone is used as an initiator, under the technical route of pre-freezing and low-temperature polymerization, the slow-release polymerization of ethyl cyanoacrylate is realized, and the obtained polymer poly (ethyl cyanoacrylate) (PECA-N) is used for preparing the lithium-sulfur battery gel electrode based on PECA-N slow-release polymerization. The gel electrode prepared by the method can obviously improve the utilization rate of sulfur and the performance of the battery, greatly enhance the structural stability of the electrode, prolong the cycle life of the electrode, obviously slow down the shuttle effect, and solve the mechanical stability of the electrode and meet the functional design required by the lithium-sulfur battery from the design angle of the motor structure. And high performance and commercialization feasibility are both considered.

A method for producing sulfurizcd-carbon cathode materials for electrochemical cells involves mixing carbon nanofibers, sulfur, and a monomer (e.g., acrylonitrile) to form a mixture, polymerizing the monomer to encapsulate the nanofibers and sulfur within a polymer matrix (e.g., polyacrylonitrile), and pyrolyzing the matrix to chemically bond carbon from the polymer to the nanofibers and sulfur, yielding sulfurized-carbon particles fused to the nanofibers. The pyrolyzed material forms a fluffy powder that is compressed into a free-standing dry film, wherein the nanofibers and longer nanofiber yarns create a three-dimensional conductive network enhancing mechanical stability and electrical conductivity. The film is laminated to a current collector to form a cathode. Optional pore- loading with molecular sulfur improves capacity and cycle life, achieving >70% sulfur utilization without wet processing solvents.

This invention relates to a room-temperature alkali metal-sulfur or alkaline earth metal-sulfur flow battery and its preparation method. The room-temperature alkali metal-sulfur or alkaline earth metal-sulfur flow battery includes a positive electrode region, a negative electrode region, and a separator. The positive electrode region includes a positive electrode liquid containing sulfur and an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. The negative electrode region includes a negative electrode liquid containing a liquid alkali metal negative electrode. This invention, by forming a positive electrode liquid, promotes the dissolution of short-chain polysulfides generated during discharge, thereby improving sulfur utilization and maximizing the capacity of the positive electrode active material. By forming a negative electrode liquid, it avoids the formation of metal dendrites and ensures that the battery system can operate at room temperature, reducing the cost of the thermal management system. The flow battery prepared by this invention has high charge / discharge capacity and excellent safety performance.

The invention discloses a wastewater treatment system and method based on sulfur recovery and denitrification, and belongs to the technical field of wastewater biological treatment. The system comprises an anaerobic reactor, a low-oxygen reactor, a primary precipitator, an aerobic-anoxic reactor and a secondary precipitator which are communicated in sequence. The method comprises the following steps: wastewater enters an anaerobic reactor for sulfate reduction; anaerobic effluent enters a low-oxygen reactor to oxidize sulfide into elemental sulfur; sulfur-containing sludge separated by the primary precipitator enters an anoxic section of the aerobic-anoxic reactor after wall breaking, and nitrate nitrogen is reduced into nitrogen by utilizing elemental sulfur and an organic carbon source in the sludge as electron donors for sulfur autotrophic denitrification and heterotrophic denitrification respectively. Through the process of anaerobic sulfur production, low-oxygen sulfur fixation and oxygen-deficient sulfur utilization, oriented conversion and resource recovery of sulfur elements are achieved, the requirement for an external carbon source is lowered, and the method has the advantages of being high in denitrification efficiency, low in sludge yield and low in treatment cost.

The invention discloses a modified mesoporous material and a preparation method thereof, an electrode diaphragm and a preparation method thereof, and a lithium-sulfur battery, and relates to the technical field of batteries. The modified mesoporous material provided by the invention has a core-shell structure, the core is cobalt oxide and cobalt, the shell layer is a nitrogen-containing carbon nanotube, and the shell layer has mesopores; the nitrogen-containing carbon nanotube is wrapped on the surface of the core; nickel is attached to the surface of the shell; the modified mesoporous material is marked as NiCo-NC. According to the diatomic nitrogen-doped mesoporous material NiCo-NC provided by the invention, Co and amorphous CoO are taken as inner cores, good active sites can be provided for a lithium-sulfur chemical reaction, a nitrogen-containing carbon nanotube coating structure is taken as a shell layer, electron conduction can be enhanced, and nitrogen-doped nickel monoatomic clusters distributed on the surface of the shell can promote the conversion process of polysulfide; when the composite material is used for an electrode diaphragm, polysulfide generated in the charge-discharge process of a lithium-sulfur battery can be better adsorbed, fixed and inhibited, the shuttle effect of sulfide is reduced, the utilization rate of sulfur is improved, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.

The invention provides a method for continuously preparing high-content 2, 5-dimethyl benzenesulfonic acid in an environment-friendly manner. The preparation method of the 2, 5-dimethylbenzene sulfonic acid comprises the following steps: respectively and simultaneously introducing a mixed solution of p-xylene and an impurity inhibitor and a sulfur trioxide solution into a microchannel reactor, reacting and distilling to obtain the 2, 5-dimethylbenzene sulfonic acid, the impurity inhibitor is a monobasic organic acid. The continuous sulfonation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple method, easy realization of reaction conditions, low reaction temperature, fast sulfonation rate, high sulfur utilization rate, high product selectivity, no water generation, no waste acid generation, low equipment requirement, low process operation cost, mild reaction conditions, good mass and heat transfer effects, small liquid holdup, proportioning close to a theoretical value, and wide application prospect. Intrinsic safety of process equipment can be achieved, and safety and environmental protection are achieved. The method provided by the invention effectively inhibits reaction byproducts such as impurity A and impurity B, improves the reaction selectivity and conversion rate, and improves the product content and yield.

The invention discloses a preparation method of sulfurized isobutylene. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) putting sulfur in a molten state, a basic catalyst and a sulfur transfer catalyst into a reactor, and fully mixing; the sulfur transfer catalyst is a dithiocarbamate compound, and the addition amount of the sulfur transfer catalyst is 0.1-1.0 wt% of the mass of sulfur; 2) introducing isobutene into a mixed system in the reactor, and fully reacting under the conditions of 160-200 DEG C and 2-6 MPa to obtain a reaction product; and 3) cooling the reaction product to 70-90 DEG C, standing for layering, separating the upper-layer product, and refining to obtain the sulfurized isobutylene product. According to the preparation method of the sulfurized isobutylene disclosed by the invention, the sulfur transfer catalyst is introduced, so that the sulfur utilization rate and the production efficiency of the sulfurized isobutylene are remarkably improved, and meanwhile, a sulfurized isobutylene product with stable quality is obtained.