The invention provides a 5G base station data center intelligent inspection robot and inspection method. The 5G base station data center intelligent inspection robot comprises a movable chassis, a camera shooting mechanism, a power mechanism, a power source, a positioning system and a control system, the movable chassis comprises a shell, universal wheels are arranged at the four corners of the shell, driving wheels are arranged in the middles of the two sides of the shell respectively, the driving wheels are connected with the power mechanism, the power mechanism, the power source and the control system are all arranged in an inner cavity of the shell, the camera shooting mechanism is arranged in the center of the top of the shell, the positioning system is arranged at the front end of the shell, and the control system is connected with the camera shooting mechanism, the power mechanism and the positioning system. The intelligent inspection robot is high in automation degree, the working efficiency of equipment operation and maintenance management can be improved, and the accuracy of equipment operation and maintenance work can be improved.