The invention discloses an ODN line distribution management method and system based on a GIS platform. The method includes the steps that through the GIS platform, resource information of an ODN deployment region is collected, and ODN equipment model information and existing station and machine room information are input; according to the resource information, the future population distribution trend and service growth condition of the ODN deployment region and the existing station and machine room information, ODN structure planning is automatically performed, and corresponding ODN equipment is automatically selected to generate the optimal ODN layout distribution. Based on the GIS platform, through inputting a GIS map and existing network stock resources, region division, station selection, equipment model selection, optical cable routing designing, civil designing, optical cable layout and other designing operation are completed on the GIS map, an optical cable routing map, an equipment terminal and fiber core distribution diagram and other series design files and a material and service fee list can be output, in this way, the efficiency of planning designing is greatly improved, and the probability of manual errors is lowered.