242 results about "Lyotropic liquid crystal" patented technology

A personal cleansing composition comprising:

• a. from about 5% to about 50% by weight of an anionic detersive surfactant;
• b. from about 0.025% to about 5% by weight of a first cationic polymer having a cationic charge density of less than about 4 meq/gm, wherein said first cationic polymer forms an isotropic coacervate;
• c. from about 0.025% to about 5% by weight of a second cationic polymer having a cationic charge density of greater than or equal to about 4 meq/gm, wherein said second cationic polymer forms a lyotropic liquid crystal coacervate; and
• d. from about 20% to about 94% by weight of water.

An aqueous peroxide composition for coloring or lightening hair comprising (a) 1-99% of an aqueous phase containing (ii) 1-55% by weight of the total composition of water, (ii) 1-45% hydrogen peroxide, and (iii) a water soluble cosolvent; and (b) 0.1-60% of an oil phase; and (c) 1-65% of an organic, amphiphilic, surface active ingredient capable of interacting with the water phase and the oil phase to form lyotropic liquid crystals containing said water phase ingredients; a method for coloring or lightening hair using the peroxide composition, and a method for reducing the amount of time necessary to permanently color hair using the peroxide composition.

A composition includes at least one organic compound of a first type of the general formula I and at least one organic compound of a second type of the general structural formula II, wherein Core in formula I is a conjugated organic unit capable of forming a rigid rod-like macromolecule, Gk is a set of ionogenic side-groups providing solubility of the organic compound of the first type in a solvent and give rigidity to the rod-like macromolecule; and wherein Sys in formula II is an at least partially conjugated substantially planar polycyclic molecular system capable of forming board-like supramolecules via π-π-interaction, and X, Y, Z and Q are substituents. The composition is capable of forming a lyotropic liquid crystal solution, which can form a solid retardation layer of biaxial type substantially transparent to electromagnetic radiation in the visible spectral range. The type and degree of biaxiality of the said optical retardation layer is controlled by a molar ratio of the organic compounds of the first and the second type in the composition. An optical film comprising a solid retardation layer formed of the composition, a method of producing the optical film, and a vertical alignment liquid crystal display using said retardation layer are also provided.

The invention relates to optical devices for producing and/or transforming polarised electromagnetic emission by means of anisotropic absorption and/or optical rotation effects and/or birefringence and can be used as different polarizers (dichroic, reflecting), lagging layers (retarders), liquid-crystal displays and indicators and also for producing polarising glass for building construction and for sun and antiglare glasses, masks, aprons and faceplates. The inventive optical device is based on at least one molecularly oriented layer of a low-molecular or oligomeric dichroic material which can form a stable lyotropic liquid crystal structure. The projection of at least one anisotropically absorbing fragment of a molecule of the dichroic material on the surface of the molecularly oriented layer of a dipole moment of optical transition is disposed in a parallel position to the optical axis of the molecularly oriented layer at least within several ranges of wavelength of the electromagnetic emission.

The invention provides composite nanofiltration membranes with a lyotropic liquid crystal (LLC) polymer composition embedded in or forming a layer on a porous support. The LLC membranes are prepared from LLC monomers which form a bicontinuous cubic (Q_I) phase. The arrangement, size, and chemical properties of the pores can be tailored on the molecular level. The composite membranes of the invention are useful for separation processes involving aqueous and nonaqueous solutions as well as gases. Methods for making and using the composite nanofiltration membranes of the invention are also provided.

The present invention relates generally to the field of organic chemistry and particularly to the nematic lyotropic liquid crystal solution and negative dispersion retardation plate for application in 3D liquid crystal displays. The negative dispersion retardation plate comprises a substrate, and at least one optically anisotropic retardation layer comprising a multi-component guest-host composition coated onto the substrate.

This invention provides composite materials that combine the material properties of hydrophobic polymers with internal structure and order provided by polymerization of lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs). Composites, particularly nanocomposites, are made by forming a LLC assembly that has hydrophobic regions and hydrophilic regions, combining hydrophobic polymer in the assembly and polymerizing the polymerizable LLC monomers in the assembly. The hydrophobic polymer, polymerized LLC assembly or both can be crosslinked in the composite. Nanoporous composites, particularly those with uniform-sized pores and/or with uniform pores distribution can be prepared in this way. In addition, complex polymers in which a second polymeric material, which may be organic or inorganic, can be introduced into the pores or other structural features of the composite can be prepared. Adding flexible hydrophobic polymers to the LLC assembly increases the flexibility and toughness of the resultant polymerized composite material to provide improved composite materials for use as membranes and in other applications. Hydrophobic polymer addition can also increase the diffusion resistance in the organic phase of the composite. Of particular interest are composites in which the hydrophobic polymer is butyl rubber or related synthetic rubber.

The invention relates to a lyotropic liquid crystal oil displacing system, a method for preparing the same and application thereof. The lyotropic liquid crystal oil displacing system comprises the following components in portion by mass: 20 to 35 portions of surface active agent, 10 to 30 portions of cosurfactant, and 40 and 65 portions of water phase, wherein the surface active agent is a nonionic surfactant or an anion surfactant, and the cosurfactant is selected from ethanol or organic acid. The lyotropic liquid crystal oil displacing system is applied to the tertiary oil reclamation of crude oil, and has the advantages of simple process, easy implementation and good oil reclaiming rate, wherein the chemical displacement reclaiming efficiency reaches 18 to 25 weight percent OOIP.

The present invention relates to the fields of chemistry and biology and more particularly to the field of biomaterials. The present invention includes amphiphilic fibers and membranes, which can be used for biomembranes and biocompatible devices. The present invention also relates to processes for preparing amphiphilic fibers and membranes from solutions comprising amphiphilic molecules. More particularly, the present invention relates to processes for preparing fibers and membranes from electrospinning solutions comprising amphiphilic molecules. The present invention further provides fibers and nonwoven membranes comprising amphiphilic fibers chosen from anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, phospholipids, sulfobetaines, lyotropic liquid crystalline molecules, and/or block copolymers. Electrospun fibers offer the potential for direct fabrication of biologically based, high-surface-area membranes without the use of multiple synthetic steps, complicated electrospinning designs, or post-processing surface treatments. Polymeric phospholipids, for example, have been shown to be attractive candidates for blood purification membranes, artificial heart valves and organs, and other prosthetics, including other biocompatible devices.

The invention relates the organagel and liquid crystal-gel and preparing method. The structural formula of liquid crystal-gel is (R-O(CH2)nO-C6H4-NHCONH-)3(-1, 3, 5-C6H3) (R: 4-CN-C6H4N=NC6H4-, n>=4), and the structural formula of gel is (CH3(CH2)n-NHCO-)3(-1, 3, 5-C6H3) (n>=8). The mixture can make dioxide hexacyclic ring form organagel. The method comprises the following steps: heating the mixture, at the course of cooling, forming lyotropic liquid crystal, and then forming ordered arrangement liquid crystal-gel. The organagel and liquid crystal-gel can be used in catalysis, molecule switch, chemical sensing, drug delivery, drug segregation, specific optical device, and display unit and nanometer material mould.

An organic compound has the general structural formula I. In the formula I, Core is a conjugated organic unit capable of forming a rod-like macromolecule, n is a number of the conjugated organic units in the rod-like macromolecule, G_k is a set of ionogenic side-groups, and k is a number of the side-groups in the set G_k. The set of the ionogenic side-groups provide solubility of the organic compound or its salts and give rigidity to the rod-like macromolecule. The number n provides molecule anisotropy that promotes self-assembling of macromolecules in a solution of the organic compound or its salts, forming lyotropic liquid crystal. The solution is capable of forming a solid optical retardation layer of positive A-type substantially transparent to electromagnetic radiation in the visible spectral range. An optical film based on an organic compound of the general formula I and a method of making same are also disclosed.

Sulfoderivatives of perylenetetracarboxylic acid dibenzimidazole are provided. These compounds form liquid crystal systems possessing high quality optical properties. The resulting liquid crystal systems are readily applicable onto a substrate to obtain optically isotropic or anisotropic, at least partially crystalline films applicable in various fields.

A lyotropic liquid crystal composition comprises silver halide grains, silver grains or optically anisotropic grains dispersed in lyotropic liquid crystal. The grains have an aspect ratio of not less than 2.

The preparation process of ordered mesoporous monolithic silica includes the following steps: 1) selecting material including non-ionic surfactant, hydrochloric acid of pH value 0.5-2 and methyl metasilicate in the mass ratio of 0.5-2 to 1 to 1-4; 2) mixing the materials through stirring; 3) vacuum pumping for 5-20 min to obtain sol; 4) setting the sol in hydrothermal reactor to obtain gel, processing the gel with deionized water or solution of acid, alkali or salt at 60-120 deg.c for 12-72 hr, and extracting with ethanol or isopropanol to eliminate surfactant; and 5) heating at 40-110 deg.c for 10-48 hr to obtain optically transparent ordered mesoporous monolithic silica. The present invention has the features of short production period, simple process, high repeatability, etc. and the prepared mesoporous monolithic silica may be used as optical functional material, and other fields.

The invention provides cross-linked lyotropic liquid crystal (LLC) copolymers having ordered nanometer-sized pores lined with functional groups. The copolymers are formed by copolymerizing LLC monomers with strong LLC character and functionalized monomers with no or weak LLC character to form an LLC phase. Both the LLC monomers and the functionalized monomers contain hydrogen-bonding groups and hydrogen-bonding is believed to assist in the formation of the LLC phase of the blended mixture. Different classes of functional groups useful for the invention include, but are not limited to, acidic groups, basic groups, catalytic groups, oxidizing agents, reducing agents, polymerization initiators, binding agents, optically active groups, and electrically active groups. The invention also provides methods for making the cross-linked LLC copolymers of the invention. In these methods, the LLC monomer and the functionalized monomer are blended in a polar solvent, thereby allowing self-assembly of the first and second monomer into an LLC phase. The LLC phase in then cross-linked with retention of the LLC microstructure.