The invention discloses a greedy algorithm-based self-adapting compression perception signal restoring method. On the basis of an OMP (Orthogonal Matching Pursuit) algorithm, a detector used for judging whether a signal component exists in residual vector or not is designed, the detector is obtained through a hypothesis test model in the signal detection theory, the threshold of the detector is given through preset false alarm probability, when the threshold of the detector is smaller than the given threshold, the state that the signal component does not exist in residual vector can be judged, at the moment, iteration is stopped in the algorithm and restoring value of the signal is obtained, otherwise, iteration is continued. According to the method, the greedy algorithm serves as a channel estimation method without depending on the multipath number of a channel; compared with the MDL (Minimum Description Length), the method has the advantage that communication resources are saved due to the fact that observation for multiple times is not required; the method has the advantage of smaller calculation amount of the greedy algorithm, the problem that the requirement of the greedy algorithm on the real-time capability of sparse signal restoration is relatively high is solved, and the method can be applied to the condition that the signal sparsity is unknown.