The invention relates to a full-blind multi-master-user spectrum sensing method based on extreme value characteristic values, which is characterized in that a sensing judgment quantity is constructed by using a difference value of the extreme value characteristic values and
harmonic average: firstly, a multi-antenna sensing node calculates a sampling
covariance matrix # imgabs0 # by using a received
signal vector so as to calculate a maximum characteristic value and a minimum characteristic value of the sampling
covariance matrix # imgabs0 #; thirdly, constructing a
perception decision amount # imgabs1 # by using the ratio of the difference value of the extreme value characteristic values to the
harmonic average value, and calculating a
decision threshold t based on the analysis result of the extreme value characteristic values; and finally, carrying out
perception judgment: when # imgabs2 is greater than t, judging that a multi-master user
signal exists; otherwise, determining that the multi-master user
signal does not exist. The method provided by the invention has reliable
false alarm performance, and the detection probability higher than that of classical maximum and minimum characteristic value ratio and
covariance absolute value detection can be obtained under the condition of low signal-to-
noise ratio; and the method can realize total blind detection, the judgment threshold can be directly calculated based on
closed expression, and the method has the advantages of simplicity and convenience in calculation and
low complexity.