A municipal monitoring system for rainwater drainage relates to the technical field of environment monitoring and comprises a rainwater and sewage pipe network detector, a collection valve, a rainwater collection pool, a programmable logic control device, a signal transmission server, a drainage valve, a drainage sensor and a monitoring cloud platform system. The rainwater and sewage pipe network detector, the collection valve, the rainwater collection pool, the programmable logic control device, the signal transmission server, the discharge valve and the drainage sensor are in circuit connection; and the programmable logic control device collects information of the rain and sewage pipe network detector, the rainwater collection pool and the drainage sensor. Signal transmission can be realized through the monitoring cloud platform system, an instruction is sent to the programmable logic control device, the operation of the whole system is controlled, the accumulation capacity of the rainwater collection pool is automatically regulated and controlled, and the labor cost is saved.