129 results about "Neuropathology" patented technology

The present invention relates to devices and methods of use thereof for detection of biomolecules, in vitro, in vivo, or in situ. The invention relates to methods of diagnosing and/or treating a subject as having or being at risk of developing a disease or condition that is associated with abnormal levels of one or more biomolecules including, but not limited to, inter alia, epilepsy, diseases of the basal ganglia, athetoid, dystonic diseases, neoplasms, Parkinson's disease, brain injuries, spinal cord injuries, and cancer. The invention also provides methods of differentiating white matter from gray matter. In some embodiments, regions of the brain to be resected or targeted for pharmaceutical therapy are identified using sensors. The invention further provides methods of measuring the neurotoxicity of a material by comparing microvoltammograms of a neural tissue in the presence and absence of the material using the inventive sensors.

Systems and methods for performing neurophysiologic assessments of neural tissue including nerve pathology monitoring which may or may not be augmented by adding the ability to assess or monitor the pressure being exerted upon a nerve or nerve root before, during and/or after retraction.

Compositions with synergistic anti-inflammatory effects in inflammatory diseases resulting from activation and consequent degranulation of mast cells and followed by secretion of inflammatory biochemicals from the activated mast cells, the compositions containg one or more of a flavone or flavonoid glycoside a heavily sulfated, non-bovine proteoglycan, an unrefined olive kernel extract that increases absorption of these compositions in various routes of administration, a hexosamine sulfate such as D-glucosamine sulfate, S-adenosylmethionine, a histamine-1 receptor antagonist, a histamine-3 receptor agonist, an antagonist of the actions of CRH, a long-chain unsaturated fatty acid, a phospholipid, Krill oil, a polyamine, glutiramer acetate and interferon. Certain of the present compositions are useful in protecting against the neuropathological components of multiple sclerosis and similar inflammatory neurological diseases.

The present invention relates to devices and methods of use thereof for making semiderivative voltammetric and chronoamperometric measurements of chemicals, e.g. neurotransmitters, precursors, and metabolites, in vitro, in vivo, or in situ. The invention relates to methods of diagnosing and/or treating a subject as having or being at risk of developing a disease or condition that is associated with abnormal levels of one or more neurotransmitters including, inter alia, epilepsy, diseases of the basal ganglia, athetoid, dystonic diseases, neoplasms, Parkinson's disease, brain injuries, spinal cord injuries, and cancer. The invention provides methods of differentiating white matter from grey matter using microvoltammetry. In some embodiments, regions of the brain to be resected or targeted for pharmaceutical therapy are identified using Broderick probes. The invention further provides methods of measuring the neurotoxicity of a material by comparing Broderick probe microvoltammograms of a neural tissue in the presence and absence of the material.

The present invention relates to VEGF-C or VEGF-D materials and methods for promoting growth and differentiation of neural stem cells, neuronal and neuronal precursor cells, oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte precursor cells and materials and methods for administering said cells to inhibit neuropathology.

This invention relates to novel tetrazolyl-propionamides in which the amide group comprises an aminoazepinone, and related structures, of Formula (I):

• • or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug forms thereof, their pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use. These novel compounds inhibit the processing of amyloid precursor protein and, more specifically, inhibit the production of Aβ-peptide, thereby resulting in prevention and treatment of the neuropathology associated with production of Aβ-peptide. More particularly, the present invention relates to the treatment of neurological disorders related to β-amyloid production such as Alzheimer's disease.

Provided are central nervous system (CNS)-targeted antibody or therapeutic Fc-fusion polypeptide conjugates having modified Fc regions, and related methods of use thereof, for instance, to facilitate delivery of therapeutic and/or diagnostic polypeptides across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and thereby treat and/or diagnose conditions associated with the CNS, including cancer, pain, and various neuropathologies, such as neuroinflammatory, auto-immune, and/or neurodegenerative disorders.

A method for predicting abnormal eye convergence in a human or animal subject may involve tracking eye movement of at least one eye of the subject to generate eye tracking data for the subject and using the eye tracking data to predict whether the subject has abnormal eye convergence. A method for diagnosing a brain injury in a human or animal subject may involve tracking eye movement of at least one eye of the subject to generate eye tracking data for the subject, using the eye tracking data to predict whether the subject has abnormal eye convergence, and predicting whether a brain injury has occurred in the subject, based on the prediction of whether the subject has abnormal eye convergence.

The construction of transgenic animal models of human Alzheimer's disease, and methods of using the models to screen potential Alzhe## disease therapeutics, are described. The models are characterized by pathologies similar to pathologies observed in Alzheimer's disease, based on expression of all three forms of the β-amyloid precursor protein (APP), APP695, APP751, and APP770, as well as various point mutations based on naturally occurring mutations, such as the London and Indiana familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) mutations at amino acid 717, predicted mutations in the APP gene, and truncated forms of APP that contain the Aβ region. Animal cells can be isolated from the transgenic animals or prepared using the same constructs with standard techniques such as lipofection or electroporation. The transgenic animals, or animal cells, are used to screen for compounds altering the pathological course of Alzheimer's disease as measured by their effect on the amount of APP, β-amyloid peptide, and numerous other Alzheimer's disease markers in the animals, the neuropathology of the animals, as well as by behavioral alterations in the animals.

Certain embodiments of the present invention provide for the detection and monitoring of multiple micro-scale neurological signals indicative of neurological state, neurological activity, and/or neuropathology. By examining such micro-scale neurological signals, a care provider may make more accurate differential diagnoses, identify the most efficacious treatment strategy, and/or track the efficacy of treatment. In some embodiments, analysis of micro-scale electrophysiological signals can be used in the diagnosis, treatment decisions, and monitoring of several neurological disorders, e.g. epilepsy, movement disorders, and psychiatric disorders. In some embodiments, different cortical areas can be mapped, for example, to define boundaries between healthy and/or pathological neural tissue.

The present invention relates to methods, kits, combinations, and compositions for treating, preventing or reducing the risk of developing a disorder or disease related to, or the symptoms associated with a neurodegenerative disorder such as neurotoxicity or a neuropathology in a subject, particularly to beta-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity and Alzheimer's disease. The invention further provides a method for inducing stem cell differentiation into neuronal cells, by administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the invention.

The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I):

or stereoisomers, tautomers, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein all the variables are as defined herein. These compounds are selective ROCK inhibitors. This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and methods of treating cardiovascular, smooth muscle, oncologic, neuropathologic, autoimmune, fibrotic, and/or inflammatory disorders using the same.

Disclosed herein are methods, kits and compositions for treating, preventing, inhibiting, or reducing a seizure, status epilepticus, neuropathogenesis or a neuropathology caused by overstimulation of the NMDA receptor pathway and/or exposure to an OP compound.

Huntington's Disease (HD) is an autosomal-dominant inherited progressive neurodegenerative disease from the group of CAG repeat/polyglutamine diseases and is characterized by a triad of psychiatric alterations, dementia and motor dysfunction. On a sub-cellular level, a mutation with extended CAG tri-nucleotide repeats has been identified as the cause of HD. The therapeutic effects of certain substances can be tested on neurotoxically-induced or transgenic animal models with expanded CAG-repeats. In the present invention, transgenic rats were generated and characterized for human HD. Said rat model for human HD and other diseases of the CNS carries 51 CAG repeats under the control of a rat promoter and has a slow progressive neurological phenotype, closely reflecting human HD syndrome. The comparability of the rat model in relation to human HD is characterized by neuropathological, neuroradiological and neurochemical modifications accompanied by typical behavioral symptoms.

The invention provides a salicylic acid compound and a medicinal composition of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compound can be added into a pharmaceutically permissible excipient to prepare various pharmaceutically acceptable medicinal preparations. Research proves that the compound disclosed by the invention has a protection effect on in-vitro cultured nerve cell damage induced by hydrogen peroxide, the learning and memory capabilities and the neuron-pathologic change of patients with senile dementia and vascular dementia can be dose-dependently improved, and the compound can be used for effectively treating and/or preventing the neurodegenerative related disease.

Novel formulations and methods for their use in treating neuropathology incident to trauma are provided. Multiple-component formulations of the invention, and especially those having four components, comprise biologically active compounds configured for preventing or reducing the incidence and severity of damage caused by neurotrauma. Formulations and methods of the invention effect both neuroprotective actions to prevent or reduce secondary injuries, and neurotrophic actions to repair and restore cells and tissues affected by the trauma. Formulations and methods of the invention are especially useful in treating neurological trauma, such as those caused by sports injuries and improvised explosive devices in combat.

The present invention relates broadly to methods for stimulating neural progenitor cell migration to certain regions of the nervous system where the neural progenitor cell naturally would not migrate. These methods have wide interest in fields related to the development of therapeutic approaches for addressing a broad range of neurodegenerative and demyelinating pathologies of the central nervous system. In order to accomplish these various outcomes, the invention provides modalities for introducing into a cell of the CNS a substance that promotes polysialylation of a protein component of the cell. This process underlies various methods of the invention, such as a method of polysialylating a protein of the cell, a method of promoting migration of a neural progenitor cell from a first region of a brain to a second region of the brain, or a method of promoting a neural progenitor cell originating in a first region of a brain to differentiate in a second region of the brain. The methods described above provide the basis for various therapeutic methods disclosed in the invention. In one example a method is disclosed of inhibiting the development of, treating, or ameliorating a neurological pathology in a subject, wherein the method includes introducing into brain cells, located in a path starting in a location close to where neural progenitor cells are located and ending in an area of the CNS where it is desirable that the neural progenitor cells migrate to, of the subject a substance that promotes polysialyltransferase activity that polysialylates a protein of the cells. In a second example a method is disclosed of inhibiting the development of, treating, or ameliorating a neurological pathology in a subject, including administering to the subject a substance that promotes polysialyltransferase activity in an amount effective to treat the pathology.

A method is described for generating a clinically significant volume of neural progenitor cells from whole bone marrow. A mass of bone marrow cells may be grown in a culture supplemented with fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). Further methods of the present invention are directed to utilizing the neural progenitor cells cultured in this fashion in the treatment of various neuropathological conditions, and in targeting delivery of cells transfected with a particular gene to diseased or damaged tissue.

Compositions with synergistic anti-inflammatory effects in inflammatory diseases resulting from activation and consequent degranulation of mast cells and followed by secretion of inflammatory biochemicals from the activated mast cells, the compositions containing one or more of a flavone or flavonoid glycoside a heavily sulfated, non-bovine proteoglycan, an unrefined olive kernel extract that increases absorption of these compositions in various routes of administration, a hexosamine sulfate such as D-glucosamine sulfate, S-adenosylmethionine, a histamine-1 receptor antagonist, a histamine-3 receptor agonist, an antagonist of the actions of CRR, a long-chain unsaturated fatty acid, a phospholipid, Krill oil, a polyamine, glutiramer acetate and interferon. Certain of the present compositions are useful in protecting against the neuropathological components of multiple sclerosis and similar inflammatory neurological diseases.