The invention discloses a ceramic composite material. The ceramic composite material contains the following materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyolefine, 0-100 parts of silicon rubber, 1-100 parts of silica, 0-30 parts of silicone oil, 0.00001-10 parts of platinum in platinum complex or platinum compound, 0-10 parts of coupling agent, 1-250 parts of ceramic powder, 0-10 parts of antioxidant and 0.01-10 parts of vulcanizing agent. A preparation method of the ceramic composite material comprises the steps of milling the materials in a kneader, vacuumizing, adding into the kneader, milling uniformly to form lumpish ceramic rubber, cooling, adding the vulcanizing agent, and carrying out open milling, thereby obtaining the ceramic composite material. The ceramic composite material is easy to process and low in production cost and can be ablated into a ceramic-like shell, so as to protect an ablated object from being damaged. According to the ceramic composite material disclosed by the invention, due to the addition of the platinum complex or platinum compound, the sintering temperature for the ceramic composite material can be lowered, and the reaction rate of preparation can be increased, so that the production efficiency is increased, and the production cost is reduced.