The invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, in particular to a pesticide for preventing and treating sugarcane borers. The invention relates to an insecticidal composition for preventing and treating sugarcane borers. The active component of the insecticidal composition is prepared by binary compounding of tenvermectin, flupyradifurone, thiocyclam or chromafenozide, wherein the mass ratio of the tenvermectin to the flupyradifurone is (1-5): (40-1); the mass ratio of the tenvermectin to the thiocyclam is (1-20): (30-1); the mass ratio of the tenvermectin to the chromafenozide is (1-40): (20-1). The components are reasonable, and after compounding, the activity is not simple superposition of the activities of all the components, but has a remarkable synergistic effect. Compared with a single agent, the insecticidal effect can be improved, meanwhile, the insecticidal spectrum can be expanded, and the problems existing when a single-component insecticide is used for preventing and treating sugarcane stem borers can be effectively solved. And the insecticidal mechanisms of the two active components are different during compounding, so that the generation of pest resistance to drugs can be delayed, and the pesticide has a certain protection effect on the pesticide.