33 results about "Topographic profile" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for automatically extracting a terrain characteristic line according to vector contour line data. The method for automatically extracting the terrain characteristic line according to the vector contour line data comprises the following steps of: determining characteristic points of terrain; classifying the characteristic points to obtain ridge points and valley points; determining judgment factors for generating a ridge line and a valley line; and automatically generating the ridge line and the valley line. The characteristic points of the terrain such as the ridge points and the valley points are determined by using the characteristics of curved lines of a vector contour line and a geometrical morphology analysis method, and then connected to form the terrain characteristic line such as the ridge line and the valley line. The method is high in identification speed, the extracted terrain characteristic line such as the ridge line and the valley line is in accordance with actual terrain change, and errors caused by manual extraction can be effectively eliminated. The method can be used for extracting a terrain contour line from digital terrain data. Furthermore, the method is convenient to operate, simple, and great in practical application value.

The flight display includes a vertical terrain profile display having a format that includes a side-on vertical terrain profile comprising a plurality of color filled vertical alerting bands representing areas of terrain that are within defined limits above and below the airplane altitude. A symbol is positioned relative to the side-on vertical terrain profile for representing an altitude and position of the aircraft. Displays of range and altitude are positioned relative to the symbol and side-on vertical terrain profile in predetermined increments. In another broad aspect the side-on vertical terrain profile includes a plurality of color filled horizontal absolute altitude bands representing the absolute altitude of the terrain. These displays may be accompanied by nested color filled blocks representing weather hazards and / or terrain alerting prediction icons.

A topographic profile of a structure is generated using atomic force microscopy. The structure is scanned such that an area of interest of the structure is scanned at a higher resolution than portions of the structure outside of the area of interest. An profile of the structure is then generated based on the scan. To correct skew and tilt of the profile, a first feature of the profile is aligned with a first axis of a coordinate system. The profile is then manipulated to align a second feature of the profile with a second axis of the coordinate system.

The invention discloses a terrain data collection device and a data collection method based on a river work dynamic bed model. The device comprises a support, a data acquisition system, a computer and a power supply, wherein the support comprises two panels and two mutually parallel rail beams; the data acquisition system comprises a translation device, a terrain profile acquisition device and an image collection and correction device; the translation device comprises a bearing platform, a lifting motor, a traction motor and a counter weight; the terrain profile acquisition device comprises an upper stable plate, a lower stable plate, a synchronous motor, an electronic cloud platform and a line laser; and the image collection and correction device comprises a framework, a camera, a universal rod and a point laser. The terrain data collection device based on the river work dynamic bed model has the beneficial effects that the collected terrain image information is rich and intuitive, and is easy to store and update; point-group-type collection is carried out on the terrain surface information, thus the measuring efficiency is improved greatly; the measuring belongs to non-contact-type measuring which can avoid the damage of the measuring terrain form and is suitable for measurement of terrains under various conditions; and the device provided by the invention is simple in structure, low in cost and easy to popularize.

A topographic profile of a structure is generated using atomic force microscopy. The structure is scanned such that an area of interest of the structure is scanned at a higher resolution than portions of the structure outside of the area of interest. An profile of the structure is then generated based on the scan. To correct skew and tilt of the profile, a first feature of the profile is aligned with a first axis of a coordinate system. The profile is then manipulated to align a second feature of the profile with a second axis of the coordinate system.

The invention discloses a ratio method for correcting topographic influence in electromagnetic prospecting. The ratio method comprises the steps of acquiring a surface layer resistivity value without topographic influence to serve as a standard resistivity of topographic correction; drawing an in-line topographic profile, respectively comparing the topographic profile with a frequency point profile of a frequency domain electromagnetic method and a time channel profile of a time domain electromagnetic method, and judging the topographic influence suffered by the actually measured data according to the influence rule of the topography on the resistivity in the frequency domain and the time domain electromagnetic field; observing from the highest frequency point of the frequency domain electromagnetic method and the earliest time channel of the time domain electromagnetic method so as to obtain the topographic response which is closest to the surface layer until the absence of low-frequency frequency point of the topographic influence is observed in the frequency domain electromagnetic method and the absence of the late time channel of the topographic influence is observed in the time domain electromagnetic method, and acquiring the observation data without topographic influence; and performing topographic correction according to a ratio formula of pcorrected(i,j)=pmeasured(i,j) [pstandard(i) / pmeasured(i,l)]C(i,j). The ratio method is good in correction effect in the process of correcting the topographic influence, is high in feasibility and can be widely applied to topographic influence correction in electromagnetic prospecting.

Methods and apparatus ascertain a geographic position based on topographic contours of ocean surfaces. Observed ocean topographic contours are matched to predicted ocean topography and / or ocean topographic information stored in a database. Such systems and methods do not necessarily require INS, GPS, RF beacons, optical beacons or celestial sightings. These systems and methods may be used as references to correct INS. These systems and methods may be used to ascertain a geographic location of an aircraft, spacecraft, watercraft, landcraft (vehicle), person or the like. Similarly, these systems and methods may be used as part of a guidance system for guiding a craft to a destination. These systems and methods may be used in tandem with, or as backups for, other types of navigation or guidance systems or as one input to a navigation filter.

The invention relates to a method for acquiring topographic profile information according to a topographic map. The method comprises the following steps: 1), drawing a section line on the to-be-cut position of the three-dimensional topographic map, copying and moving the section line by 0.001 meter in parallel to form two parallel lines; 2), capturing four end points of the two parallel lines by an enclosure, shearing, copying and moving the enclosed form line in parallel out of the original topographic map; 3), extracting coordinates and elevation value of a topographic plane position of points on each unit section of the moved form line, and saving the coordinates and elevation value to this document; 4), reading the coordinates XY and elevation value Z of the plane position in the document, and calculating the distance of every adjacent point on the XY plane as increment of the X' axle, wherein Y' is equal to Z; and 5), drawing a form line profile in proportion according to the X' Y' coordinate values. The method is quick in processing data, accurate and reliable in profile information, capable of reducing unnecessary loss caused by human factors in the work, and can be widely applied to such fields as survey, management, design, construction, supervision and the like.

An optical device structure (22) comprising a substrate (10) and at least one topographic feature. The topographic feature comprises a polymeric composite material formed from a polymerizable binder and an uncured monomer. The topographic feature has a controlled topographic profile and a controlled refractive index across the topolografic feature. The optical device structure may be a multimode waveguide device, a single mode waveguide device, an optical data storage device, thermo-optic switches, a lens, or microelectronic mechanical system.

A method for imaging an object using a microscope includes obtaining axial response data, the axial response data representative of a relationship between a separation between a top surface of the object and an objective lens of the microscope and an intensity of light reflected by the top surface of the object; positioning the object at a distance from the objective lens that is within a linear region of the axial response data; sequentially illuminating the object with a plurality of periodic patterns; obtaining a plurality of images of the object, each image resulting from the illumination of the object with a corresponding one of the plurality of periodic patterns; determining a reconstructed image of the object based on the plurality of images of the object; and, based on variations in the intensity of the reconstructed image, determining a topographic profile of the top surface of the object.

A method for measuring the surface potential of a polarized sample includes: measuring the topographic profile of the sample by scanning its surface with a tapered tip connected to a micro-lever activated at the resonance frequency of same by a piezoelectric actuator; placing the tapered tip a constant distance away from the topographic profile of the surface obtained during the previous step; and measuring the electrostatic potential of the surface. The sample is not polarized during the step of measuring the topographic profile. The sample is polarized during the measurement of the potential profile.

Methods and apparatus ascertain a geographic position based on topographic contours of ocean surfaces. Observed ocean topographic contours are matched to predicted ocean topography and / or ocean topographic information stored in a database. Such systems and methods do not necessarily require INS, GPS, RF beacons, optical beacons or celestial sightings. These systems and methods may be used as references to correct INS. These systems and methods may be used to ascertain a geographic location of an aircraft, spacecraft, watercraft, landcraft (vehicle), person or the like. Similarly, these systems and methods may be used as part of a guidance system for guiding a craft to a destination. These systems and methods may be used in tandem with, or as backups for, other types of navigation or guidance systems or as one input to a navigation filter.

A method for imaging an object using a microscope includes obtaining axial response data, the axial response data representative of a relationship between a separation between a top surface of the object and an objective lens of the microscope and an intensity of light reflected by the top surface of the object; positioning the object at a distance from the objective lens that is within a linear region of the axial response data; sequentially illuminating the object with a plurality of periodic patterns; obtaining a plurality of images of the object, each image resulting from the illumination of the object with a corresponding one of the plurality of periodic patterns; determining a reconstructed image of the object based on the plurality of images of the object; and, based on variations in the intensity of the reconstructed image, determining a topographic profile of the top surface of the object.

The invention discloses a measured geological section method based on spatial coordinates, relates to the field of geological mapping, and solves the problems that the number of people required for field surveying in layered rock stratum regions according to an existing method is large, the drawing of an expansion graph and a projection drawing is large in calculation amount, and the process is cumbersome. The technical scheme is as follows: the measured geological section method based on the spatial coordinates comprises the following steps of drawing the expansion graph and drawing the projection drawing; the step of drawing the expansion graph comprises the steps of performing field geological mapping, determining a reference line, planning a section line, determining geological observation points and numbering, acquiring the spatial coordinates of the geological observation points, and performing geological description and measuring the occurrence; constructing a layered boundary surface, and constructing an expanded surface and the like; and drawing the expanded graph, drawing a terrain contour line and marking an azimuth angle, and finally obtaining the expanded graph of themeasured geological section. The step of drawing the projection drawing comprises the steps of performing field geological mapping, then organizing data, and finally obtaining the projection drawing of the measured geological section. The measured geological section method based on the spatial coordinates provided by the invention is applicable to the layered rock stratum regions.

The invention discloses a method for automatically extracting a terrain characteristic line according to vector contour line data. The method for automatically extracting the terrain characteristic line according to the vector contour line data comprises the following steps of: determining characteristic points of terrain; classifying the characteristic points to obtain ridge points and valley points; determining judgment factors for generating a ridge line and a valley line; and automatically generating the ridge line and the valley line. The characteristic points of the terrain such as the ridge points and the valley points are determined by using the characteristics of curved lines of a vector contour line and a geometrical morphology analysis method, and then connected to form the terrain characteristic line such as the ridge line and the valley line. The method is high in identification speed, the extracted terrain characteristic line such as the ridge line and the valley line is in accordance with actual terrain change, and errors caused by manual extraction can be effectively eliminated. The method can be used for extracting a terrain contour line from digital terrain data. Furthermore, the method is convenient to operate, simple, and great in practical application value.

The invention relates to an experiment submarine topography observation method. The experiment submarine topography observation method includes the steps: stopping the water flow during the experiment process to enable the water body to be clear gradually, thus being convenient for measuring and recording the middle topographic profile of a water tank; and after solving the transformation matrix between two groups of basis vectors, being able to calculate the middle topographic profile of the water tank at any time point according to the topographic profile observed from the side wall of the water tank, and realizing indirect observation of the topographic profile of the middle part of the water tank. As observation and recording of the topographic profile is convenient to perform from the side wall of the water tank and the topographic profile at the middle part of the water tank is hard to measure because suspending sediment exists in the water flow, the experiment submarine topography observation method can indirectly observe the middle topographic profile of the water tank from the side wall of the water tank, thus being high in the experiment efficiency.

The invention relates to a topographic database based topographic displaying method. The topographic database based topographic displaying method comprises the following steps of (a) measuring longitude and latitude coordinates of a flying aircraft in a space and the height H of the flying aircraft in the space; (b) using the horizontal plane at the flying height H of the aircraft as reference to set an upper height redundancy H1, a downward height redundancy H2, a leftward height redundancy L1, rightward height redundancy L2 and a front horizontal observation distance D so as to form a closed space; (c) conducting reasonable laying within a height redundancy range and using a topographic database to obtain topographic dot matrixes within the horizontal plane where all heights are located; (d) superposing the topographic dot matrixes within the horizontal plane of all selected heights, wherein the connecting lines of dots closest to the aircraft, of formed distances, form a topographic contour line which serves as a safety boundary of the flying aircraft. Therefore, the formed topographic contour line can play a topographic warning role, and the topographic database based topographic displaying method is especially suitable for special topographies and can provide accurate and reliable topographic warning information for the aircraft during topographic inhabitation.

The present invention relates to a kind of terrain display method based on terrain database, comprising the following steps: (a) measuring the latitude and longitude coordinates of the aircraft in flight and the altitude H of space; (b) taking the horizontal plane of the flight altitude H where the aircraft is located as Benchmark, set upward highly redundant H1, downward highly redundant H2, leftward horizontally redundant L1, rightward horizontally redundant L2, and front horizontal observation distance D, thus forming a closed space; (c) in highly redundant Reasonably stratify within the range, and use the terrain database to obtain the terrain lattices in the horizontal plane of each height; (d) superimpose the terrain lattices in the horizontal plane of each selected height, and the formed connection of the point closest to the aircraft is The line is the contour line of the terrain, which is used as the safe boundary of the aircraft flight. The resulting terrain contour can play a role in terrain warning, especially suitable for special terrain, and can provide accurate and reliable terrain warning information during the suppression of terrain by aircraft.

The present invention proposes a three-dimensional reconstruction method for the terrain of the scour area of ​​the bridge pier foundation based on scanning sonar imaging, which includes the following steps: Step S1, use sonar to completely scan and image the terrain of the pier foundation scour area from different directions, and collect n Assemble the basic scour topographic sonogram; Step S2, intercept a plurality of analysis sections at the same distance from the collected sonogram; Step S3, extract the key parameters of the upper and lower edges of the image strips formed in the analysis section in the figure, and convert them into three-dimensional space , and express the sonar beam fan surface by fan arc; Step S4, identify the contour shape of the scour topography according to the relative positional relationship of a group of measuring points in the same analysis section; Step S5, identify each topographic contour shape one by one, and extract them respectively The three-dimensional coordinate data of the spatial scattered points is obtained; in step S6, kriging interpolation method is used to interpolate and fit the spatial scattered data to complete the three-dimensional reconstruction of the foundation scour terrain; the present invention can realize the three-dimensional restoration of the terrain of the pier foundation scour area. Purpose.

The invention relates to the technical field of surface form acquisition, and discloses a method for acquiring a dangerous rock body terrain profile, the method comprises the following steps: selecting a starting point coordinate and an end point coordinate on a three-dimensional oblique photography model of an unmanned aerial vehicle, determining the sectioning line of the dangerous rock body terrain in a target area to be acquired, and sequentially selecting a plurality of measurement point coordinates near the sectioning line along the sectioning line; then establishing a plane equation of a sectioning plane corresponding to the sectioning line, and calculating to obtain projection coordinates of the measurement points projected to the sectioning plane; and finally, judging the topographic features of the corresponding area according to the projection coordinates of the measurement points, obtaining the coordinates of the fitting points according to the judgment result, and processing to obtain the topographic profile of the sectioning line position. According to the method for acquiring the dangerous rock body terrain profile, the topographic features of the dangerous rock mass can be quickly and accurately acquired by utilizing the measurement data of the three-dimensional oblique photography model of the unmanned aerial vehicle, complicated sectioning operation does not need to be performed by professional software, and the method is particularly beneficial to acquiring the topographic and geomorphic features of steep upright rock mass and overhung rock mass.

The invention provides a method for reconstructing radar scanning data to generate visual three-dimensional terrain. By utilizing the method, three-dimensional terrain data obtained by the scanning of a three-dimensional radar can be reconstructed and displayed in real time. The method is implemented through the following technical scheme of: constructing a three-dimensional gridding module according to the size and resolution power of a scanning area of the three-dimensional radar, and initializing according to radar scanning data to generate a preset height surface; performing the statistical noise filtering of a region to remove the noise and dead spots of a radar system; interpolating empty data by using a constrained adaptive fractal extension method to generate the continuous and realistic three-dimensional terrain data and control the approximate shape of generated terrain to a certain degree; calculating the terrain data by utilizing a mode of six-degree of freedom voxel to form terrain contour lines in different visual angles; and completing ground texture mapping by loading mixed texture mapping with a fractal mode, and completing the rendering of the terrain contour lines by a gradient mode of luminance-height-gradient so as to generate a final three-dimensional terrain image.

The invention discloses a method for actually measuring a geological section based on spatial coordinates, which relates to the field of geological surveying and mapping, and solves the problem that according to the existing method, a large number of people are required for field surveys in a layered rock layer area, and the calculation amount of drawing an unfolded map and a projected map is large and the process is cumbersome. question. The technical scheme adopted by the present invention is: the method of actually measuring geological section based on spatial coordinates, including drawing an unfolded map and drawing a projection map, and drawing an unfolded map includes: field geological surveying and mapping, determining a baseline, planning a section line, determining and numbering geological points, obtaining The spatial coordinates of the geological points, and the geological description and occurrence measurement; then construct the layered boundary surface, construct the expansion surface, etc.; then draw the expanded map, draw the terrain contour line, mark the azimuth, and finally obtain the expanded map of the measured geological section . To draw a projection map, first conduct field geological surveying and mapping, then organize the data, and finally obtain a projection map of the measured geological section. The present invention is suitable for use in areas with layered rock formations.

The invention provides a bridge pier foundation scour area terrain three-dimensional reconstruction method based on scanning sonar imaging. The method comprises the steps: S1, using sonar to carry out complete scanning imaging on the topography of a pier foundation scour area from different directions, and collecting n groups of foundation scour topography acoustic images; s2, intercepting a plurality of analysis sections from the collected acoustic image at the same interval; s3, extracting key parameters of the upper edge and the lower edge of a geographic imaging strip in an analysis section in the image, and converting the key parameters into a three-dimensional space, and expressing a sonar beam sector by a sector arc; s4, according to the sector arc relative position relation of a group of measuring points in the same analysis section, identifying the scouring terrain contour form; s5, identifying each terrain contour form one by one, and respectively extracting spatial scatter three-dimensional coordinate data; and s6, performing interpolation fitting on the spatial scatter data by adopting a Kriging interpolation method to complete three-dimensional reconstruction of the basic scoured terrain. According to the invention, the purpose of three-dimensional restoration of the topography of the pier foundation scouring area can be realized.

The invention discloses a ratio method for correcting topographic influence in electromagnetic prospecting. The ratio method comprises the steps of acquiring a surface layer resistivity value without topographic influence to serve as a standard resistivity of topographic correction; drawing an in-line topographic profile, respectively comparing the topographic profile with a frequency point profile of a frequency domain electromagnetic method and a time channel profile of a time domain electromagnetic method, and judging the topographic influence suffered by the actually measured data according to the influence rule of the topography on the resistivity in the frequency domain and the time domain electromagnetic field; observing from the highest frequency point of the frequency domain electromagnetic method and the earliest time channel of the time domain electromagnetic method so as to obtain the topographic response which is closest to the surface layer until the absence of low-frequency frequency point of the topographic influence is observed in the frequency domain electromagnetic method and the absence of the late time channel of the topographic influence is observed in the time domain electromagnetic method, and acquiring the observation data without topographic influence; and performing topographic correction according to a ratio formula of pcorrected(i,j)=pmeasured(i,j) [pstandard(i) / pmeasured(i,l)]C(i,j). The ratio method is good in correction effect in the process of correcting the topographic influence, is high in feasibility and can be widely applied to topographic influence correction in electromagnetic prospecting.

A system and device, paving machine (1), is disclosed for obtaining a topographical profile of a road bed, and then delivering an asphalt mat that varies in thickness according to that profile. The system enables variance in the mat thickness across the width of the mat as well as in the normal longitudinal direction. The process is begun by obtaining a three-dimensional profile of the surface tobe paved. A scanning means (10) is moved over the road surface to obtain a profile of the entire length and width of the surface to be paved to obtain a detailed topographical profile. In a second phase of the operation, the scanning means (10) is utilized in combination with an asphalt delivery mechanism, and a mat of asphalt of varying thickness is delivered.

The invention discloses a terrain data collection device and a data collection method based on a river work dynamic bed model. The device comprises a support, a data acquisition system, a computer and a power supply, wherein the support comprises two panels and two mutually parallel rail beams; the data acquisition system comprises a translation device, a terrain profile acquisition device and an image collection and correction device; the translation device comprises a bearing platform, a lifting motor, a traction motor and a counter weight; the terrain profile acquisition device comprises an upper stable plate, a lower stable plate, a synchronous motor, an electronic cloud platform and a line laser; and the image collection and correction device comprises a framework, a camera, a universal rod and a point laser. The terrain data collection device based on the river work dynamic bed model has the beneficial effects that the collected terrain image information is rich and intuitive, and is easy to store and update; point-group-type collection is carried out on the terrain surface information, thus the measuring efficiency is improved greatly; the measuring belongs to non-contact-type measuring which can avoid the damage of the measuring terrain form and is suitable for measurement of terrains under various conditions; and the device provided by the invention is simple in structure, low in cost and easy to popularize.

The invention discloses a ridgeline extraction method combining morphological features and runoff simulation, including calculating the positive terrain based on DEM data, determining the maximum positive terrain analysis window; and calculating the membership degree of the positive terrain based on the positive terrain distribution maps in different neighborhoods; According to the maximum positive terrain analysis window and positive terrain membership degree, the positive terrain contour is extracted; on the basis of the positive terrain contour, the simulated ridgeline is obtained through morphological analysis, and its length is calculated; the optimal confluence threshold is determined according to the simulated ridgeline; The optimal confluence threshold is described, and the ridgeline is extracted by the runoff simulation method. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ridgeline extraction method that combines morphological features and runoff simulation to solve the problem of poor comparability of the extracted ridgelines in the prior art due to the lack of clear threshold selection instructions, and to improve the extraction of ridgelines. Comparability, the purpose of improving the accuracy of ridgeline extraction.