The invention relates to a traffic signal control method and a system based on full induction detection, wherein the traffic signal control method based on full induction detection comprises the following steps: 1) arranging traffic flow acquiring systems at all lanes in the vehicle entrances of a crossroad; 2) setting the signal control parameters for the shortest green light duration, the unit green light extended duration and the longest green light duration; 3) when the current phase green light duration is about to end, and if in a preset time interval, the detector does not detect subsequent incoming vehicles, then, operating the next phase; if subsequent vehicles arrive, then, when every vehicle is detected, extending the duration for the preset unit green light; and if more vehicles arrive in the extended duration, then, extending the green light duration until the green light comes to the preset longest green light duration; and when the longest green light duration is reached, then, no manner whether subsequent vehicles arrive or not, immediately interrupting the passing right of the phase. With the method and the system of the invention, the space distribution of the road vehicles can be adjusted to realize the traffic flow control and to ease traffic jam.