The invention provides an electric power unmanned aerial vehicle inspection method and system based on electric power tower model matching, and belongs to the technical field of electric power facility inspection. The electric power unmanned aerial vehicle inspection method based on electric power tower model matching comprises the steps of S1, obtaining the three-dimensional model data of an electric power tower and the three-dimensional model data of an unmanned aerial vehicle; S2, drawing a target route in combination with the three-dimensional model data of the power tower and the defined geographic position information; S3, simulating flight along the target route by using the three-dimensional model data of the unmanned aerial vehicle to obtain the virtual motion attitude data; S4, sending a control instruction to the unmanned aerial vehicle so as to control the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly according to the virtual motion attitude data and the target route for routing inspection. According to the method, the actual tower body characteristics and geographic position information of the electric power tower are acquired, and the data obtained during simulation are corrected, so that the working efficiency is greatly improved, system channel bloating is avoided, and a favorable basis is provided for the deep learning of a neural network.