The invention discloses an oil exploitation device. The oil exploitation device is characterized in that a fixing plate is welded to the top of a base, a support is fixedly connected with one side ofthe fixing plate, a walking beam is hinged to the top of the support, a horsehead is fixedly connected with one side of the walking beam, a sucker rod is arranged inside the horsehead, and a connecting rod is hinged to the side, away from the horsehead, of the walking beam; a crank is hinged to one end of the connecting rod, so that one side of an overhaul platform is attached to the top of the base, a support is formed between the overhaul platform and the first shell, and the two sides of the oil extraction device are effectively protected among a frame body, stair steps and the overhaul platform in the transverse direction; and the frame body is moved towards the crank, the accident that people are hurt by the rotating part of the crank is avoided, and the oil extraction safety is ensured. Through cooperation of first sliding blocks, U-shaped sliding rails, the frame body, the stair steps and the overhaul platform, the overhaul platform is moved to the position needing to be overhauled or repaired, and through the overhaul platform, potential safety hazards existing in workers during maintenance are avoided.