31results about How to "Improve gas diffusivity" patented technology

A solid electrolyte having an aromatic ring in a main chain, wherein a sulfonic acid group bonds to the aromatic ring via a linking group containing a sulfur atom. The solid electrolyte exhibits a high ion conductivity.

A solid oxide fuel cell having a fuel electrode, a solid electrolyte film, an air electrode, and a conductive current-collecting mesh bonded to an upper surface, opposite to a lower bonding surface with the solid electrolyte film, of the air electrode. Plural bonding portions that are bonded to the current-collecting mesh and plural non-bonding portions that are not bonded to the current-collecting mesh are present on the upper surface of the air electrode. In the air electrode, regions having a porosity smaller than a porosity of the other region are respectively formed on the position in the middle of the thickness of the air electrode from each bonding portion. The average of the porosity of the dense portion is 20% or more and less than 35%, while the average of the porosity of the porous portion is 35% or more and less than 55%.

A fuel cell electrode catalyst includes: a noble-metal-supported catalyst including a carbon support and a noble metal supported on the carbon support; and a water-repellent material with which the noble-metal-supported catalyst is modified. The carbon support is mesoporous carbon in which a pore volume of pores having a pore size of 2 nm to 5 nm is 2.1 ml/g to 2.4 ml/g. An amount of the water-repellent material is 3% by weight to 7% by weight with respect to a total weight of the mesoporous carbon and the water-repellent material.

The present invention provides a membrane electrode assembly for use in a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell which assembly can ensure the gas diffusivity, the capability of discharging the generated water and the moisture retentivity, and can attain an excellent electric power generation performance in the gas atmosphere under a wide variety of humidity conditions. The membrane electrode assembly comprises: a cathode electrode catalyst layer 3 and an anode electrode catalyst layer 4 respectively disposed on one side and the other side of a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2; gas diffusion layers 5 and 6 disposed respectively on the sides of the electrode catalyst layers 3 and 4; and intermediate layers 7 and 8 comprising pores and disposed respectively between the electrode catalyst layer 3 and the gas diffusion layer 5 and between the electrode catalyst layer 4 and the gas diffusion layer 6. The volume per unit area and per unit mass (pore volume) of the pores having pore size of 0.1 to 10 μm in the intermediate layer 7 in the cathode side is larger than that in the intermediate layer 8 in the anode side. The pore volume of the intermediate layer 7 in the cathode side is 1.7 to 4.3 μl/cm²/mg and that of the intermediate layer 8 in the anode side is 0.5 to 1.4 μl/cm²/mg. The intermediate layers 7 and 8 are each formed of a water-repellent resin comprising an electrically conducting particle.

The present invention relates to a solid oxide fuel cell in which an anode is formed with a hollow portion, and the hollow portion may be used as a gas diffusion path, thereby improving gas diffusion performance, and the hollow portion may be also used as a reinforcement hole for reinforcing a strength or a current collecting hole for increasing a current collecting efficiency, thereby improving a cell strength and also increasing an efficiency of producing electric energy. The solid oxide fuel cell has an electrolyte layer; an anode; a cathode; and a hollow portion formed in the anode.

The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of microporous layers of fuel cells, and discloses a preparation method of a microporous layer in a gas diffusion layer, which comprises thefollowing steps: (1) obtaining at least two slurries; (2) selecting a slurry to coat one side of the substrate; (3) sequentially carrying out drying, hot pressing and sintering treatment on the coated slurry to form a microporous layer; (4) selecting another slurry and coating the other slurry on one side, far away from the substrate, of the microporous layer; (5) sequentially carrying out drying, hot pressing and sintering treatment on the other coated slurry to form another microporous layer; and (6) repeating the steps (4) to (5), preparing all microporous layers after the slurry is completely treated, and continuously reducing the porosity of the microporous layers along the direction far away from the substrate. The fuel cell provided by the invention cannot be flooded by water.

a fuel cell capable of improving heat exchange efficiency with respect to tubular fuel cells is provided. A fuel cell includes a hollow electrolyte membrane, hollow electrodes arranged on an inside and an outside of the electrolyte membrane, respectively, and an internal charge collector arranged inside of the electrolyte membrane and the electrodes, wherein the internal charge collector is hollow and made of a nonporous member.

The invention relates to a conductive carbon felt loaded ferric ferric-doped mesoporous titanium oxide gas diffuse photoelectrode and a preparation method therefore. An efficient gas diffusion photoelectrode (TiO2-Fe)mp./CF mesoporous loaded composite nano material is prepared by adopting a liquid crystal template method and a spray coating technology. The method has the remarkable characteristics that the conductive carbon felt loaded mesoporous (TiO2-Fe) composite nano material with a special structure and the efficient gas diffusion photoelectrode is prepared by applying the spray coating technology and the liquid crystal template method, thereby providing a novel path for application and research of a porous material loaded mesoporous doped TiO2 photocatalytic material. The conductive carbon felt loaded ferric ferric-doped mesoporous titanium oxide gas diffuse photoelectrode is simple in process and easy for industrial production. The prepared efficient gas diffusion photoelectrode mesoporous loaded composite material is good in conductivity, large in specific surface area and uniform in pore distribution.

The present invention provides a gas diffusion layer for a fuel cell that is balanced between performance and durability. The present invention provides a gas diffusion electrode having a microporous layer, wherein the microporous layer has at least a first microporous layer and a second microporous layer, the first microporous layer has a cross-sectional F/C ratio of 0.06 or more and 0.33 or less, the second microporous layer has a cross-sectional F/C ratio less than 0.06, and wherein the first microporous layer is equally divided into a part not in contact with the second microporous layer and a part in contact with the second microporous layer, in the equally divided first microporous layer. The part not in contact with the second microporous layer is referred to as a microporous layer 1-1, the part in contact with the second microporous layer is referred to as a microporous layer 1-2, and the microporous layer 1-1 has a cross-sectional F/C ratio smaller than that of the microporous layer 1-2, wherein “F” is the mass of fluorine atoms, “C” is the mass of carbon atoms, and the “cross-sectional F/C ratio” is the value of “mass of fluorine atoms”/“mass of carbon atoms” as measured in the cross-sectional direction.

A tube-shaped solid polymer fuel cell is provided with communicating fuel gas channels 2 on the periphery of a bar-shaped current collector 1 and along the axis of the bar-shaped current collector 1 and the membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) 6 on the outside of the bar-shaped current collector 1 and the fuel gas channels 2 and has a structure in which a fuel gas flows through the fuel gas channels 2 and an oxide gas flows outside the membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) 6, wherein

some or all of the fuel gas channels 2 are filled with a porous material having communication pores along the axis thereof and a conductive particulate having resistance to corrosion is mixed in with the porous material.

The tube-shaped solid polymer fuel cell of the present invention makes it possible to improve gas flowability at the time of production of catalyst layers while avoiding infiltration of the gas channels by a catalyst ink so as to block the channels and thus lower cell resistance at the time of fuel cell operation. Thus, power generation performance is improved by the present invention.

The invention discloses a gas diffusion layer structure of an electrochemical oxygenerator membrane electrode and a preparation method, the gas diffusion layer structure comprises a cathode gas diffusion layer and an anode gas diffusion layer, the cathode gas diffusion layer comprises a cathode conductive porous substrate layer and a cathode microporous layer arranged at the inner side of the cathode conductive porous substrate layer; the anode gas diffusion layer comprises an anode conductive porous substrate layer and an anode microporous layer arranged on the inner side of the anode conductive porous substrate layer, the anode microporous layer comprises carbon particles and a binder, and the cathode microporous layer comprises carbon particles, a binder, a water absorbent and an adsorption material. Compared with the prior art, the electrochemical oxygen generator has the advantages that the conductivity is good, the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of the cathode gas diffusion layer and the anode gas diffusion layer are different, the gas diffusion performance and the water management performance of the electrochemical oxygen generator are improved, the water-gas distribution performance of the cathode gas diffusion layer and the anode gas diffusion layer is optimized, the electrolysis rate of the anode side water is further improved, and the electrochemical oxygen generator is more stable. And oxygen can be stably produced under the condition of low humidity.

An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purification catalyst which can exhibit sufficient purification performance even under a high Ga condition. The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification catalyst comprising a substrate and a catalyst coating layer formed on the substrate, wherein the catalyst coating layer comprises catalyst particles, the catalyst coating layer having an upstream region extending by 40 to 60% of the entire length of the substrate from an upstream end of the catalyst in the direction of an exhaust gas flow and a downstream region corresponding to the remainder portion of the catalyst coating layer, the composition of the catalyst particle of the upstream region being different from that of the downstream region. The downstream region in the direction of an exhaust gas flow has a structure where a void is included in a large number, and furthermore high-aspect-ratio pores having an aspect ratio of 5 or more account for a certain percentage or more of the whole volume of voids. Thus, the exhaust gas purification catalyst exhibits enhanced purification performance.

Disclosed is a membrane electrode assembly (50) comprising a solid polymer electrolyte membrane (20), an anode (22) and a cathode (24). The catalyst layer (30) comprises carbon particles each having platinum and cobalt carried thereon and an ionic conductor. In the catalyst layer (30), the ratio (P2/P1) of the pore volume P2 (ml/g) per gram of catalyst layer in a second micro-pore diameter, ranging from 0.1 [mu]m to less than 1 [mu]m, over the pore volume P1 per gram of catalyst layer in a first micro-pore diameter, ranging from 0.01 [mu]m to less than 0.1 [mu]m, is in a range of 3.8 to 8.3.