The invention relates to a charging management system and method of fast charging stations. The method includes the following steps that: an optimal charging station site is determined according to mileage by which a vehicle can run, the number of queued vehicles at a nearby charging station, the number of vehicles making charging reservations and the states of charging piles, and charging reservation is carried out, and a queuing number is acquired; when the vehicle enters a reserved charging station, the queuing number is obtained through a human-machine interaction unit, and the password of the queuing number is set through the human-machine interaction unit; and before the vehicle enters and exits from a charging parking space, the queuing number and the password of the queuing number are required to be inputted at a human-machine interaction unit, and a parking space control rod can be opened after the system successfully verifies the queuing number and the password of the queuing number, and then, the vehicle can enter or exit from the charging space, and the parking space control rod is closed after the vehicle enter or exit from the charging space. With the charging management system and method of the invention adopted, phenomena of space occupation of non-electric vehicles and space occupation of electric vehicles after changing can be avoided, and integrated and coordinated management of various of devices and services can be realized, and safe, efficient and stable operation of the fast charging stations can be also realized, and charging station services from charging reservation to charging completion can be intellectualized and networked.