The invention discloses a liftable and shrinkable scanning device. The liftable and shrinkable scanning device comprises a main box body, a vertical lifting mechanism and a camera module, wherein a telescopic concave position is formed in the main box body, the camera module is arranged on the vertical lifting mechanism, the vertical lifting mechanism is arranged in the telescopic concave position and can drive the camera module to extend out of or retract into the telescopic concave position. The liftable and shrinkable scanning device disclosed by the invention is ingenious in design and reasonable in structure, and when the liftable and shrinkable scanning device is not used, the camera module can be folded, the vertical lifting mechanism is started automatically, and the camera module is correspondingly driven to retract into the telescopic concave position in the box body to form an integrated structure, thereby being convenient to carry; when the liftable and shrinkable scanning device is used, the vertical lifting mechanism can be started through an ascending switch, and the camera module is further correspondingly driven to extend out of the telescopic concave position, thereby realizing fast and clear photographing of a file, effectively improving working efficiency, realizing high degree of automation and being convenient to operate; furthermore, the whole structure is compact, the size is small, the occupied space is reduced, the mobility is high, and the application range is wide.