57results about How to "Restore and enhance biodiversity" patented technology

The invention relates to a method for restoring oil polluted wet land by combination of plant and microorganism. The method concretely includes: soil of oil polluted wet land to be restored is collected, autochthonous oil-munching bacterium screening is carried out by utilizing an inorganic salt culture medium containing the oil contamination, the culture and screening of autochthonous oil-munching bacterium are enlarged, and the autochthonous oil-munching bacterium is made into active bacterium preparation with OD600 of about 1.5 by adopting nutrition substrate with the urea concentration of 40g / L and the calcium superphosphate concentration of 15g / L; scripus triqueter seedling or scripus triqueter seed is planted in the oil polluted wetland soil, and planting density is 2500-5000 plants / m2; when seedling grows vigorously, the active bacterium preparation obtained by the step a is added into the root system soil planted with scripus triqueter seedling according to the mass ratio of about 100:1, when flowering period and mature period are finished, under the combined action of oil-munching bacteria and root system of plant, the oil polluted wet land is restored. Compared with the traditional soil management method, the method of the invention has the advantages of less investment, less work amount, low technical requirement and no secondary pollution. The restoring process not only can not destroy soil entironment but also is beneficial to improving soil degradation and productivity reduction which are caused by petroleum hydrocarbon pollution and recovering and improving biodiversity of soil.

The invention discloses a method for jointly repairing vegetation and application thereof. The method comprises the steps of: (1) planting shrubs; (2) covering soil, and sowing seedlings of resistant herbaceous plants or planting seedlings of herbaceous plants; and (3) sowing moss. The method has low cost and remarkable effect, can avoid or control the pollution of heavy metal, can avoid and fix sands or conserve water and soil, and plays an important part in protecting environment.

A process for eliminating the pollution of Pb, Zn and Cd to said and water by use of arabis paniculata features that the Arabis paniculata is planted in the polluted sol or water for absorbing Pb, Zn and Cd. When their concentrations in the plant reach a certain value, the plant on the ground is cut out and its root is retained for growing the plant no the ground and further cutting it out.

The invention relates to a method for rehabilitating uranium contaminated soil by use of a functional plant community. According to the method, broussonetia papyrifera and Ilex cornuta, and reed, Pteris multifida Poir and difformed galingale herb (herbaceous plants), which can enrich uranium in the soil are selected to construct a stable plant community with a function of in-situ repairing for uranium contaminated soil, wherein all plants in the plant community can enrich uranium in the uranium contaminated soil and can transport the uranium into an overground part of the plants, thereby achieving the purpose of rehabilitating the uranium contaminated soil. The method comprises the following steps of firstly, performing seed treatment and sowing; secondly, trimming and fertilizing; thirdly, harvesting; and fourthly, treating in a concentrating manner. The method does not need other auxiliary means and is capable of overcoming the disadvantages that the plant species structure is simple, the plant community is instable and easy to degrade, the maintenance cost is high, the plant diseases and insect pests are more and the ecological functions are at a low level when the single plant species is used for repairing the uranium contaminated soil in an existing method, the five plants have synergistic effect, and the repairing efficiency is improved remarkably compared with that of the method adopting the single plant species for rehabilitating the uranium contaminated soil.

The invention relates to phytoremediation technology for treating polluted environment, in particular to a method for repairing and treating the earth polluted by cadmium by using a flower plant, namely maidenhair. The method utilizes root systems of the cadmium ultra-enriched flower maidenhair to absorb the enriched cadmium in the polluted earth in large amount, transfers the cadmium upward to the overground part; when plants grow to the height of between 30 and 40 centimeters or the blossom time, the plants are integrally removed and sold as commercial ornamental flowers or properly treated so as to absorb and remove a large amount of the cadmium from the earth; and by repeatedly planting the flower plant and repeating the process, excessive cadmium in the polluted earth can be continuously extracted until the content of the cadmium achieves the environment safety standards. The method has the advantages of small engineering quantity, no destruction to physicochemical property of the earth, no secondary pollution, beatifying environment while treating the polluted earth, and the like.

The invention relates to technology for safely planting crops in a cadmium polluted soil environment, in particular to a method for safe production in cadmium polluted soil by utilizing a low cadmium accumulation type celery cabbage. The above-ground part of the low cadmium accumulation type celery cabbage can reject the absorption of the cadmium in the cadmium enriched polluted soil, and the root can fix and adsorb the cadmium in the soil, so that the cadmium is prevented from being transferring upward to the above-ground part. The above-ground part of the celery cabbage is safe to be eaten or sold, and the root is carefully treated, so that the safety of the vegetable food is ensured, and the inedible part(the root) can also be used for fixing and adsorbing a large amount of cadmium in the soil; and by repeatedly planting the vegetable, the excessive cadmium in the polluted soil can be continuously removed, and the cadmium content in the edible part of the celery cabbage also meets the standard of the green safe vegetable. The technology has the advantages of low cost, no damage to physical-chemical properties of the soil, no secondary pollution, the realization of the combination of vegetable-planting and cadmium-removal in the polluted soil and the like.

The invention relates to environmental remediation technology for organic contaminated soil, specifically to a phytoremediation method of remedying petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil by using the ornamental plant Portulaca Grandiflora L. According to the invention, degradation of target petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) in contaminated soil is promoted by using the absorption action of the plant Portulaca Grandiflora L. itself and degradation effects of root exudates and rhizospheric microorganisms of Portulaca Grandiflora L. When the plants of Portulaca Grandiflora L. are mature, the plants can be integrally removed from soil and sold as goods; it is not necessarily to remove the plants. Through repeated plantation of Portulaca Grandiflora L. and repeated absorption action and degradationeffects of Portulaca Grandiflora L., petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants in contaminated soil can be continuously reduced until the content of the pollutants reaches national environment standard or ecological safety level. The method has the advantages of environmental beautification, no need of disposal of planted areas, physical and chemical properties not destroying soil, no secondary pollution,low cost, appropriateness to large scale operation, treatment of pollution, improvement of environment, etc.

The invention relates to phytoremediation technology for organic poison polluted soil, in particular to a method for restoring petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soil by utilizing a plant, namely balsamine. The balsamine is annual herbal flower, and the biomass is as high as 40 to 100 centimeters; petroleum hydrocarbon pollutant in the soil is degraded through the growth process, the development process, the blooming process and the fructification process of plant, namely the whole growth phase of the plant due to the action of root exudates and rhizosphere microorganisms of the plant and soil enzyme, and the petroleum hydrocarbon pollutant which pollutes the soil can be continuously degraded until the pollutant content of the soil meets the environmental safety standard by repeated planting of the plant and repeated implementation of the processes. The method has the advantages of small damage to the environment, no need of treatment of the scene, no damage of the physicochemical properties of the soil, no secondary pollution, low cost, suitability for large-scale operation, pollution treatment and simultaneous environment beautification and so on.

A method for controlling the pollution of As to soil and water features that the pteridophytes able to collect As, such as Pteris oshimensis, P. fauriei, P. aspericaulis and P. multifida, are planted in the soil or water to be controlled for absorbing the As from soil and water, and their plant stems on the ground are periodically harvested.

The invention relates to the crop safety production technology of cadmium pollution soil environment, in particular to a method by utilizing low cadmium-accumulation Chinese cabbage breed-beijing new No.3 to carry out safety production in the cadmium pollution soil; the low cadmium-accumulation Chinese cabbage is planted in the cadmium pollution soil, the cadmium enriched in the pollution soil is adsorbed by the upper part of the low cadmium-accumulation Chinese cabbage in a repelling way, the root part is used for adsorbing the cadmium in the soil fixedly, so as to prevent the cadmium from being transferred to the overground part upwards; the Chinese cabbage at the overground part is taken as safety vegetables for eating or selling, the root part is treated properly, so as to ensure the vegetable food safety and utilize the non-edible parts (root parts) to fixedly adsorb a great amount of cadmium in the soil; by repeatedly planting the vegetable crops, the processes are repeated, the excessive cadmium in the pollution soil can be extracted continuously, and the cadmium content at the edible part of the Chinese cabbage meets the no-polluted safety vegetable standard; the method has the advantages of low expense, not damaging the physicochemical property of the soil, no secondary pollution, and production and treatment in the polluted soil at the same time.

The invention relates to phytoremediation technology for treating polluted environment, in particular to a method for reparing cadmium-polluted earth by using a cadmium-enriched flower, namely Bellis perennis. The method utilizes root systems of the cadmium-enriched plant Bellis perennis to absorb cadmium enriched in the polluted earth in large amount, transfers the cadmium upward to the overground part, integrally removes the plant and properly treats the plant when the plant grows to the blossom time, thereby the plant absorbs and removes a large amount of the cadmium from the earth; and by repeatedly planting the plant and repeating the process, excessive cadmium in the earth can be continuously extracted until the content of the cadmium achieves the environment safety standards. The method has the advantages of small engineering quantity, no destruction to physicochemical property of the earth, no secondary pollution, beautifying the environment beautification while treating the polluted earth, and the like.

The invention discloses a method for renovating soil suffered from multiple pollution of cadmium, lead and arsenic with an ornamental plant of ligustrum malongense. The soil polluted by cadmium, lead and arsenic is soil suffered from composite pollution of one or more of cadmium, lead and arsenic, wherein the cadmium, lead and arsenic belong to heavy metal. The method includes the following steps that firstly, seedlings of the ligustrum malongense are selected and arranged in the soil suffered from cadmium, lead and arsenic in a cuttage mode; secondly, watering is performed every day so as to keep the moisture content of the soil; thirdly, rotten stable manure, urea and three-nutrient compound fertilizer are added and used as base fertilizer, and urea is sprayed in due time; fourthly, after the ligustrum malongense matures, the ligustrum malongense is wholly removed from the soil, the second batch of ligustrum malongense is planted, and the steps are repeated until all the heavy metal pollutants in the soil reach the environmental safety level. The method has the advantages that investment is small, the work amount is small, secondary pollution cannot be caused, the structure and the original physicochemical properties of the soil cannot be damaged in the renovating process, and biodiversity of the soil is recovered and improved. Being the ornamental plant, the ligustrum malongense can play a role in beautifying the environment and has good environmental benefits and ecological benefits.

The invention discloses a remediation method for cadmium-nitrate combined pollution of facility agriculture soil. The remediation method comprises the following steps: (1) planting sedum alfredii hance in soil under remediation, regularly harvesting the sedum alfredii hance, and removing the sedum alfredii hance after harvesting twice or triple; (2) after removing the sedum alfredii hance, planting port-grown green-stem slim-leaf water spinach, and flooding the plants with water during growing; (3) after harvesting the port-grown green-stem slim-leaf water spinach, further planting Siyuebai pakchoi in the soil; and (4) repeating steps (1) to (3) until the soil is up to the standard. According to the remediation method for cadmium-nitrate combined pollution of facility agriculture soil, the rotation manner of a Cd-hyperaccumulator, a cadmium-nitrate low-accumulation aquatic vegetable, and a cadmium-nitrate low-accumulation terraneous vegetable is adopted, and the edible safety of the vegetables is guaranteed while the soil is remediated.

The invention relates to a plant repairing technology for the soil contaminated by toxic organic materials, in particular to a method for repairing the soil contaminated by petroleum through the ornamental plant of common four o'clock. Common four o'clock is implanted in the soil contaminated by petroleum and is removed from the contaminated soil when the common four o'clock grows into a flowering stage; and the plant is implanted repeatedly to continuously reduce the excessive petroleum pollutant in the contaminated soil till the pollutant content reaches an environmental safety standard. Compared with the prior remediation method for the contaminated soil, the method has the advantages of little investment, low workload, not high technical requirements, and the like. In addition, as the method is a green home-position remediation technology, the harvested plant is processed collectively without causing secondary pollution; and simultaneously the repairing process not only has no damage on the soil ecological environment, but also benefits the improvement of the soil degradation and productivity reduction caused by petroleum hydrocarbon pollution and recovers and improves the biological diversity of the soil. The planting of the common four-o'clock can beautify the environment while simultaneously controlling environmental pollution, thereby bringing about good ecological benefits.

In the invention, pteris multifida with super enriched arsenic is used to absorb and activate arsenic in polluted soil or water and to transport or transter arsenic upward to above the ground until that proper living things quantity is formed on upersection of the ground, then to reap the section above the ground on a fixed date and retain the section under the ground, to stub 3-5cm when reaping to realize continuous collecting. By the invention, a continuous collecting mode is bilt to continuous transfer large guantity of arsenic in polluted soil or water until that content of arsenic achieving environment safe standard.

The invention discloses a method for restoring oil-contaminated soil by using wild ornamental plant iris lacteal. The method comprises the following steps of (1) planting the iris lacteal into petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil the mass concentration of which is 1%-4% by adopting ramet seeding, and watering in time to keep the soil water-holding capacity at 60% of water-holding capacity; (2) taking away the plant from the contaminated soil and planting the iris lacteal again when the plant achieves a mature period, or taking away an overground part of the plant to make sure the root of the plant to become a new plant, and repeating the planting process until the petroleum hydrocarbon content in the soil achieves a nation environmental standard or ecological safety index. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the iris lacteal has certain tolerance and good restoring capacity on the low concentration and high concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil, the operation is simple, the cost is low, the secondary pollution is not generated, the iris lacteal does not enter a food chain, a soil structure is improved, and the environment is beautified, so that the method is suitable for the restoring operation of large-area petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil.

The invention discloses a method for chromium-contaminated soil remediation by mirabilis jalapa. The method includes steps: (1) selecting mirabilis jalapa seedlings, and cutting into chromium-contaminated soil, or directly sowing mirabilis jalapa seeds into the chromium-contaminated soil; (2) adding ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid into the chromium-contaminated soil to serve as a reinforcing agent; (3) integrally removing mature mirabilis jalapa from the chromium-contaminated soil, and planting a second batch of mirabilis jalapa; (4) repeating the steps (1)-(3) until the chromium content of the chromium-contaminated soil reaches an environmental safety level. The method has advantages of low cost, low engineering quantity, low technical requirement and the like; owing to green remediation, additional treatment of obtained mirabilis jalapa plants is avoided, secondary pollution is prevented, damages of soil structure and original physicochemical properties in a remediation process are avoided, problems of soil degradation, productivity decline and the like caused by heavy metal pollution can be improved beneficially, and biological diversity of soil can be recovered and improved beneficially.

The invention discloses a method for repairing a lead-polychlorinated biphenyl (Pb-PCBs) combined polluted soil. The method comprises the following steps: utilizing hydrogen peroxide to sterilize the seeds of impatiens balsamina and planting the seeds in seedling growing discs; after the seeds germinate and grow to 5-8cm, transplanting the seeds to the soil polluted by Pb and PCBs; periodically watering so as to keep a proper moisture, and harvesting the whole plants after 120 days so as to carry out appropriate treatment; and finishing a remediation period, repeating the above operations, until the content of Pb-PCBs in the soil lowers to a safety environmental standard. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the impatiens balsamina has strong adaptability and can resist against cold weather and poor soil, the seeds spilled on the ground can grow automatically and rapidly at proper damp and hot conditions; the culturing management is convenient. Compared with the traditional remediation method of the polluted soil, the remediation method of the soil polluted by Pb and PCBs by utilizing the tolerant flower impatiens balsamina provided by the invention is characterized by low cost, little construction volume, low requirement on techniques and no secondary pollution, and the environment can be beautified during soil remediation.

The invention relates to the polluted-environment phytoremediation technology, in particular to a method for repairing Pb-polychlorinated biphenyl combined pollution soil through halophytes kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. According to the method, a large amount of Pb in the polluted soil is absorbed and collected through root systems of the halophytes kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. and transported to the ground portions, polychlorinated biphenyl in the soil can be further degraded through the root systems and microorganisms of the halophytes, and the whole-plant halophytes are harvested after the halophytes grow for 90 days and duly handled, so that the large amount of Pb is collected from soil, and the polychlorinated biphenyl in the soil is degraded; as the halophytes are repeatedly planted and the process is repeated, the excess Pb and the excess polychlorinated biphenyl in the soil can be continuously removed till the content of the Pb and the content of the polychlorinated biphenyl in the soil meet the environmental safety standard. The method has the advantages that investment is small, the work amount is small, the physicochemical properties of the soil are not damaged, secondary pollution is avoided, and the environment can be beautified while the polluted soil is treated.

The invention relates to a method of restoring 226Ra contaminated soil by functional plant communities. The method includes: using arbor Chinese sumac, shrub Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum and herbaceous plants, herbaceous plant, Pteridium aquilinum and Polypogon fugax, which are all capable of enriching 226Ra in soil, to build a stable plant community which functions in restoring 226Ra contaminated soil in situ. Various plants in the plant community enrich the 226Ra in the 226Ra contaminated soil and convey the 226Ra to overground parts of the plants to restore the 226Ra contaminated soil. The method includes the steps of 1, treating and sowing seeds; 2, trimming and applying fertilizers; 3, harvesting; 4, treating centrally. The method has the advantages that the defects that the existing method of restoring 226Ra contaminated soil by single plants uses single type of plants, plant communities are instable and easily degradable, maintenance cost is high, diseases and pests are wild and biological function is poor are overcome, the five types of plants are synergistic, and the method has significantly improved restoration effect as compared to the method of restoring 226Ra contaminated soil by single plants.

The invention relates to the vegetable safety production technology of polluted environment, in particular to a method which utilizes a Chinese cabbage rejection mechanism to carry out safety production on the Pb-pollution soil; the Chinese cabbage with low Pb-accumulation capacity is planted on the Pb-pollution soil, so as to realize the purpose of removing excessive Pb in the soil. The Chinese cabbage with low Pb-accumulation capacity is planted on the Pb-pollution soil, the overground part of the Chinese cabbage breed repels to adsorb the Pb in the pollution soil, the root part fixedly adsorbs the Pb in the soil, so as to prevent the Pb from being transferred to the overground edible part, the overground part is used as safety vegetable for being eaten or sold, the root part is processed properly, by repeatedly planting the Chinese cabbage crop genotype and repeatedly carrying out the process, the excessive Pb in the pollution soil can be continuously extracted, and the Pb content of the edible part of the Chinese cabbage meets the standard of the pollution-free vegetables. The method has the advantages of low cost, no damage to physicochemical property of the soil, no secondary pollution, and simultaneous production and treatment in the pollution soil.

The invention relates to a method for restoring uranium contaminated soil by constructing a phytocoenosis community with bamboo willows, broad leaf paspalum and macleaya cordata. The arbor bamboo willows, herbaceous plant broad leaf paspalum and macleaya cordata which have an enrichment effect on uranium in the soil are selected and arranged according to a composite triangle, and the stable phytocoenosis community with an in-situ restoration function on the uranium contaminated soil is constructed. Plants in the phytocoenosis community enrich uranium from the uranium contaminated soil, uraniumis transported to the overground part of the plants, thereby achieving the purpose of restoring the uranium contaminated soil. The disadvantages of the monotonous plant species structure, poor stability, low soil fertility, smaller total enrichment amount and low ecological function of an existing plant restoration technology for restoring the uranium contaminated soil with the single plant population are overcome, the synergistic effect exists among the three plants, and compared with a method for restoring the uranium contaminated soil with the single plant population, the restoration efficiency is significantly improved.

The invention relates to a method for restoring petroleum-polluted soil by the utilization of a wild ornamental plant Hylotelephium spectabile. By absorption effect of the plant itself and petroleum hydrocarbon degradation of rhizosphere microorganisms and root exudates, petroleum hydrocarbon in soil is degraded. The method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: by a rhizome cutting or seedling transplant method, Hylotelephium spectabile is planted in soil polluted by petroleum hydrocarbon with the concentration of no more than 4% and is managed; when the plant grows to the maturation stage or flowering stage, the whole plant can be moved away to be sold as an ornamental flower, namely a commodity; and the above step of planting Hylotelephium spectabile in the soil is repeated until the content of petroleum hydrocarbon in the soil reaches the national environment standard or ecological safety index. The method has advantages as follows: by the utilization of Hylotelephium spectabile in restoration of the soil polluted by petroleum hydrocarbon, cost is low; secondary pollution is not generated; pollution dose not enter the food chain; physical and chemical properties of soil are not damaged; pollution is treated and the environment is beautified; and the method is suitable for large-area operation, has small work amount, has an extensive pattern for management of wild flowers, is fast in effectiveness and is good for popularization and application.

The invention discloses a method for restoring petroleum-polluted soil by the utilization of a wild ornamental plant wild iris. The method comprises the following steps: 1) potting in a greenhouse or direct plantation in a land for growing field crops: by a seedling transplant method, wild iris is planted in soil polluted by petroleum hydrocarbon with the concentration of less than 20g / kg; and the wild iris is watered once regularly at 8 am every day so as to make water-holding capacity of the soil maintain at 60% of the maximum water-holding capacity; and 2) when wild iris grows to the flowering stage or maturation stage, the whole plant is moved away from the polluted soil or the part of the plant above the ground is moved away from the polluted soil; when the wild iris root system grows a next crop of plant, the above restoration process is repeated until the content of petroleum hydrocarbon in the soil reaches the national environment standard or ecological safety level. The method has advantages as follows: investment in the restoration method is little; management pattern is extensive and simple; work amount is small; technical requirements are not high; restoration time is short; secondary pollution is not caused; and it is conducive to improve soil degradation caused by petroleum hydrocarbon pollution and recover and raise biodiversity.

The invention relates to a method for repairing an oil polluted wetland by combining arrowhead and oilphilic microorganisms. In the method, arrowhead and special flora are adopted to treat oil polluted soil. The method concretely comprises the following steps of: transplanting arrowhead in the time of young seedling into the oil polluted wetland, after the arrowhead adapts to the soil, adding an oilphilic bacterium suspension into the soil, and removing oil contamination in the soil under the synergistic effect of the oilphilic bacterium and a plant root system. Compared with the traditional soil management method, the method provided by the invention has the advantages of less investment, convenience in operation, less work amount, low technical requirement and no secondary pollution. The repairing process not only can not destroy soil environment but also is beneficial to improving soil degradation and productivity reduction which are caused by petroleum hydrocarbon pollution and recovering and improving biodiversity of soil. Besides, the arrowhead has better ornamental value and economic value. The method has economic value and ornamental value, is used for degradation and removal on wetland petroleum pollutants and has the characteristics of low environmental risk, low cost, high feasibility and the like.

The invention discloses a cadmium pollution-continuous cropping obstacle facility agricultural soil production and remediation method. The method comprises the following steps: (1) planting hyperaccumulated sedum alfredii hance on to-be-remediated soil, and performing mowing once after 4-6 months; (2) after mowing, directly sowing and intercropping 83-16 spring cucumbers of Holland on the soil, harvesting the spring cucumbers, and removing the hyperaccumulated sedum alfredii hance at the same time; (3) after removal, directly sowing the large-leaf white-stem water spinach in Hong Kong, and performing flooding treatment during growth; (4) after harvesting the Hong Kong large-leaf white-stem water spinach, applying a composite conditioner to the soil, and uniformly mixing the composite conditioner with plough layer soil; and (5) 6-8 days later, transplanting Holland 3099 autumn cucumbers, and performing cultivation until harvesting. According to the method, cadmium hyperaccumulator-continuous cropping obstacle crops-co-low accumulation aquatic vegetables-continuous cropping obstacle crops are used for crop rotation, the soil composite conditioner and reasonable moisture management are used in cooperation, the problem of continuous cropping obstacles is solved while cadmium pollution of facility agriculture soil is remediated, and safe production of vegetables is guaranteed.

The invention relates to a method for repairing an oil-contaminated wetland by using plant salix matsudana. The method specifically comprises the following steps of: planting the salix matsudana on the oil-contaminated wetland, wherein the plant intensity is 2 to 3 plants / m<2>. Compared with the traditional method, the method for repairing the oil-contaminated wetland has the advantages of low investment, small work amount, low technical requirement and the like, and cannot cause secondary pollution. The repairing process does not damage the ecological environment of soil, contributes to improving the phenomena of soil degradation, productivity decline and the like caused by oil pollution, and restores and improves the biodiversity of the area. The method has good ecological benefit and economic benefit.