4425 results about "Polluted soils" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for biologically remediating a water body and soil comprehensively utilizing resources. The method comprises the steps: (1), determining main pollutants in a selected land area or water body area; (2), selecting to plant and/or cultivate fast-growing herbaceous plants, fast-growing alga, trees, bushes, fungi or microorganisms with high remediation efficiency in the selected land area or water body area; (3), harvesting or collecting the fast-growing herbaceous plants and the fast-growing alga after growing to reach a suitable height or size; (4), concentratedly processing the harvested or collected fast-growing herbaceous plants and the fast-growing alga, and comprehensively utilizing to prevent the pollutants from dispersing; (5), remediating an eutrophic water body by adopting an artificial floating island; (6), remediating a heavy metal polluted water body by confining floating plants; (7), repairing cadmium and zinc polluted soil by mixed-cropping festuca arundinacea and bluegrass; (8), remediating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) polluted soil by mixed-cropping alfalfa and italian ryegrass; and (9), extracting and recovering silver from silver-containing wastewater remediation plants.

The invention relates to a soil pollution thermal desorption restoration processing system, which belongs to a soil restoration processing system. The system comprises a feed system, a heat source system and a control system, and is characterized by further comprising a thermal desorption system and a tail gas processing device, wherein the thermal desorption system consists of a draught fan and a thermal extraction converter, and the tail gas processing device consists of a dust remover and an absorption tower. When the system is applied to processing polluted soil with main pollutants of volatile/semi-volatile organic compounds, compared with the like products in other countries, the equipment cost is only 1/3 to 1/5 of the same; the problem of secondary pollution probably brought about in the process of processing the polluted soil is thoroughly avoided; a temperature control system has better practicability; the running cost for each ton of the polluted soil is between 300 and 500 RMB, which is far low than the processing cost for hazardous landfilling and incineration of the polluted soil; and half of the purification effect of processing the polluted soil with the main pollutants of the volatile/semi-volatile organic compounds can reach between 70 and 80 percent.

The outside treating process of polluted soil includes the following steps: excavating the polluted soil, filling the soil inside the treating apparatus, pumping with vacuum pump to form certain vacuum degree in the pumping well while intruding fresh air into soil to promote the volatilization of pollutant and taking out the volatile. The soil may be also heated to speed the volatilization. The treating apparatus consists of exhaust well with exhaust pipeline, temperature controlling sensor and heater embedded into soil pipe. The treated soil may be re-filled or used in other site.

The invention relates to a roller-type reverse thermal desorption system for soil polluted by organic matters. The roller-type reverse thermal desorption system comprises a soil feeding system, wherein the soil feeding system and a heat source system are connected with a reverse thermal desorption system; the reverse thermal desorption system is connected with a dust removing system, a cooling system and an active carbon adsorption system in turn; and control ends of the soil feeding system, the heat source system, the reverse thermal desorption system, the dust removing system, the cooling system and the active carbon adsorption system are connected with a control system. In the roller-type reverse thermal desorption system, hot air is fed into a reverse thermal desorption roller by an ignition system, and polluted soil is fed into the reverse thermal desorption roller by a soil transferring device, wherein the hot air contacts the soil reversely, so that organic pollutants contained in the soil are heated and volatilized; the purified soil is used as backfill soil; and the volatilized tail gas is dedusted by a cyclone dust extractor and an adsorption dust extractor after passing through an induced draft fan, and the dedusted volatilized tail gas is absorbed by a honeycomb-shaped active carbon tower after passing through an atomization cooling tower and a dial plate cooling device, and finally is discharged by a tail gas exhaust device on the basis of meeting the national standard. Materials can be fed into the roller-type reverse thermal desorption system continuously and can be heated directly; and the hot air and the polluted soil are fully mixed, and the roller-type reverse thermal desorption system has high thermal desorption efficiency.

The invention discloses a restoration agent for lowering cadmium/lead effective state content in soil, which is composed of quicklime, calcium sulfate, wood charcoal, iron chloride and water, wherein the weight ratio of the quicklime, calcium sulfate, wood charcoal and iron chloride is (1-2):(1-2):(1-2):(0.5-1), and the water accounts for 30-45 wt% of the soil. The restoration agent can be used for treating heavily polluted soil; and common chemical passivators can only restore lightly polluted soil, and do not have obvious effect on heavy pollution. The restoration agent can be used for treating both acidic soil and neutral soil. The restoration agent has high remediation efficiency for cadmium polluted soil; the reaction mechanisms relate to chemical precipitation and physical adsorption; and when one action fails due to change of the outside conditions, the other action can perform the guarantee function. The restoration agent has certain control actions on the lead effective state content in the polluted soil.

The invention discloses a chemical leaching restoring method for soil polluted by heavy metals. Na2EDTA solution is utilized to perform leaching to the soil polluted by the heavy metals, available cadmium and lead in the soil are effectively removed, Na2S.9H2O is utilized to precipitate the heavy metals in filtrate, Na2EDTA is released again, and repeated recycling of the Na2EDTA solution is achieved. After recycling, the Na2EDTA solution carries out leaching to the soil polluted by the heavy metals, the removing rate of available Cd in the polluted soil reaches 81.6-81.8%, and the removing rate of available Pb reaches 55.9-60.1%. The chemical leaching restoring method for the soil polluted by the heavy metals overcomes the shortcomings that an existing method for the Na2EDTA solution to perform leaching to the soil polluted by the heavy metals causes chemical cost to be large, generated filtrate is much, and the follow-up treatment is troublesome. Simultaneously, the chemical leaching restoring method for the soil polluted by the heavy metals has the advantages of being simple in process, becoming effective quickly, enabling a leaching agent to be reused, and enabling the heavy metals to be effectively eliminated.

The invention discloses an in-situ restoration method for heavy metal polluted soil, which comprises the following steps of: uniformly mixing submicron or nano iron, coal ash, a magnesium-containing preparation and bentonite in proportion by weight of (5-25): (40-50): (1-10): (15-50) to obtain a heavy metal polluted soil restoration agent, after applying the heavy metal polluted soil restoration agent on the surface of the heavy metal polluted soil at the thickness of 1-4cm, uniformly mixing a 20cm thick polluted soil surface layer with the applied restoration agent by plowing, and after 3-6 months, reducing heavy metals such as cadmium, chromium, mercury, lead, arsenic, nickel, zinc, copper, magnesium and vanadium in the heavy metal polluted soil into low-valence immobilized heavy metals to lose biological effectiveness and realize the in-situ restoration for the heavy metal polluted soil. However, the environmental quality of restored soil satisfies the requirements of second-level standard values in Environmental Quality Standards for Soils (GB 15618-1995) in China.

The invention relates to a method for remediation of heavy metals contaminated soil by a plant-microorganism joint direction method. The detailed steps of the method of the invention are that: firstly, resistant bacteria of plant and microorganism is sifted, so as to obtain plant and microorganism bacteria strains with heavy metal resistance; and then the seeds of the resistant plant is soaked and coated in microorganism resistant bacteria solution; finally, the seeds are planted in the soil contaminated by heavy metal, therefore the soil can be remedied. The method has the advantages of good remediation effect, low cost, easy management and operation, no secondary pollution and broad application prospect, therefore, the method is the most important development direction of soil remediation technique.

The invention discloses an in situ bioremediation method for strengthening the petroleum contaminated soil by biomass which belongs to the environment restoration technique. The method utilizes the biomass added with biomass degradation fungi to promote the conversion of biomass in polluted soil. The intermediate product transformed by biomass in soil is utilized to serve as the preferential carbon source of the petroleum hydrocarbon degradation complex bacteria for promoting the biological accumulation of the petroleum hydrocarbon degradation complex bacteria; meanwhile, the imposed petroleum hydrocarbon degradation complex bacteria contains the fungus that can produce biological surface active agent efficiently, the fungus produces abundant biological surface active agent during growth to activate the petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants in polluted soil for increasing the biological utilize degree, thus promoting the biotransformation efficiency of the petroleum hydrocarbon degradation complex bacteria to pollutants. Humus of the transformation product of the biomass in the soil can also improve the granular structure of the soil, and increase the fertility of the soil, so the polluted soil can be restored. The method is simple and is easy to operate and promotion.

The invention relates to a technique of remediation of slightly and medio- metal-contaminated vegetable soil with production. The specific steps are as follows: firstly, Sedum alfredii and Elsholtzia splendens are intercropped in vegetable soil contaminated by heavy metal such as cadmium, copper and zinc in spring with a with inter plant distance of ten to fifteen centimeters, row spacing of thirty centimeters; secondly, the Sedum alfredii is harvested periodically, a growth period of Sedum alfredii is three to four months during a first harvest, from then on, the Sedum alfredii is harvested every three months or when growing to a height of thirty to forty centimeters, stems of a height of two to three centimeters are left above the ground in harvest; the Elsholtzia splendens is harvested in October; thirdly, a cadmium-enriched rape is planted after the harvest of the Elsholtzia splendens with the spacing in the row of fifteen to twenty centimeters and is harvested in April of the next year; fourthly, a cucumber is planted after the harvest of the rape with the spacing in the row of twenty to twenty-five centimeters, a cabbage is planted after the harvest of the cucumber in September, the Elsholtzia splendens is planted after the harvest of the cabbage, then a restoring period is completed. Adopting a super accumulator plant for absorbing a plurality of heavy metal from the soil, the invention achieves reducing the heavy metal content in the vegetables and guaranteeing the safety of the farm produce.

The invention discloses a bioremediation method for soil polluted by heavy metals. The bioremediation method comprises the following steps of: adding earthworm feeds into the soil polluted by the heavy metals, turning the soil, uniformly mixing, and putting earthworms into the soil and cultivating the earthworms; after the earthworms are cultivated for 28 to 35 days, collecting earthworm excrements in the upper layer soil, collecting adult earthworms by adopting a natural lighting method, and retaining young earthworms and earthworm eggs in the soil; planting plants by adopting a hedge planting method, cradling the parts of the plants growing for 78 to 90 days, which are positioned above the ground, and removing the whole plants after the plants grow for another 50 to 70 days; collecting the adult earthworms and the earthworm excrements for 1 to 3 days by adopting an outdoor collection method every 28 to 35 days during planting of the plants; and after the whole plants are removed, collecting all the adult earthworms and the young earthworms by adopting the natural lighting method, and collecting the earthworm excrements and the earthworm eggs. The soil is subjected to remediationby combining animals, plants and microorganisms according to a proper remediation sequence and a remediation period, so that the bioremediation method is economic, environment-friendly, easy to operate, high in remediation efficiency and easy to popularize, and is particularly suitable for mild or moderate copper, cadmium and lead combined polluted soils.

The invention discloses a composite heavy metal polluted soil conditioner as well as application and an application method thereof. The soil conditioner comprises the following components: plant ash, calcium magnesium phosphate, quicklime, zeolite and organic fertilizers at a weight ratio of (0.3-1.1):(0.1-1.2):(0.4-2.1):(0.1-0.6):(0.008-0.06):(0.4-1.2). Through inorganic components such as quicklime, calcium magnesium phosphate and phosphate in hydroxyapatite as well as potassium carbonate in the plant ash, the soil conditioner can be used for fixing heavy metals in polluted soil and improving the fertility of the polluted soil in combination with organic manures such as the plant ash and the organic fertilizers so as to continuously intensify the restoration of the polluted soil, has the advantages of relatively-high stability, good environmental friendliness and low cost, can be used for inactivating and restoring various heavy metal polluted soil, especially has a good restoration effect on soil pollution caused by waste slag discharged by industrial and mining enterprises, can be used for realizing the treatment goal without generating secondary pollution, and is liable to realize large-area popularization.

The invention relates to an energy-saving type thermal-desorption repairing treatment system for organic polluted soil and aims at providing a system for thermal-desorption repairing treatment of the organic polluted soil, which can recycle waste heat of the system fully and save resources. The energy-saving type thermal-desorption repairing treatment system comprises a feeding system, a soil preheating and heat recycling system, a rotary kiln heating system, a soil cooling and heat recycling system, a soil discharging system, a tail-gas dust removing and temperature reducing system, a sewage treatment and cooling system, an active-carbon absorbing system, an active-carbon regeneration device, a gas exhausting system and a network monitoring system.

The invention relates to a method for combined restoration of organic-contaminated soil, comprising the following steps: (1) adding an aqueous solution of a surfactant to the organic-contaminated soil for solubilization treatment; (2) adding persulfate and an activator, Reaction, after the reaction is completed, separate and dry to obtain the repaired organic matter-contaminated soil. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of high removal rate of adsorbed organic pollutants, low cost, simple and easy method, and environmental friendliness.

The invention relates to a stable curing agent of repairing heavy metal and toxic organic matter combined polluted soil. The stable curing agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 10-30% of cement, 10-30% of coal ash, 20-50% of clays, 2-10% of an activating agent and 2-20% of an oxidizing agent, wherein the activating agent is a composition of one or more than two of magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide or molybdenum trioxide, and the oxidizing agent is a composition of one or more than two of sodium persulfate, calcium peroxide, potassium persulfate and ammonium persulfate. The raw materials are put into a grinder to be uniformly grinded and mixed to prepare the stable curing agent with the specific surface area of 400-800/kg. The stable curing agent provided by the invention has the characteristics of low cost, good soil repairing effect and simplicity in construction.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a functional organic fertilizer for soil restoration. The method comprises the following steps: mixing crushed straws with blue-green algae according to the mass ratio of (1-5):10 to obtain a mixture, and then adding a biomass-transformed complex microbial inoculant and a biomass-transformed inductive material to the mixture; evenly mixing and then carrying out conventional stacking fermentation for 5-15 days, so as to obtain a semi-solid organic fertilizer; and mixing and pelletizing the semi-solid organic fertilizer, clay, biomass carbon ash and a heavy metal ion chelating agent according to the ratio of 1000:(50-200):(50-150):(1-5), so as to obtain the functional organic fertilizer for soil restoration. The organic fertilizer disclosed by the invention has a persistent slow-release fertilizer effect, and can adsorb, chelate and immobilize the heavy metal ions in a deactivation manner, soil fleeciness is facilitated, the moisture retention and the breathability are improved, rooting of plants is facilitated, formation of beneficial components of soil microelements and the like is optimized, the heavy metal-polluted soil is effectively restored, and secondary pollution of the soil is not caused.

The invention relates to the field of environmental protection and restoration and in particular relates to an environmental-friendly heavy metal stabilizer used for soil restoration of an industrial pollution site and an application method thereof. The environmental-friendly heavy metal stabilizer is prepared from the following material components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of clay mineral, 17-24 parts of adsorbing material, 10-18 parts of heavy metal chelating agent, 4-8 parts of heavy metal precipitating agent and 10-15 parts of alkaline modifier. Main ingredients of the adopted stabilizer are natural materials, heavy metal pollutant in soil can be rapidly and effectively stabilized through composite action such as chelating, precipitation and adsorption; the heavy metal pollutant is stabilized for a long time, toxicity and biological availability of the heavy metal pollutant can be reduced, risk of the heavy metal polluted soil to the environment and human health is reduced, and the heavy metal polluted soil is restored; besides, a soil texture improving ingredient is contained, so that soil is restored while tillability of the soil is improved.

The invention provides a soil heavy metal composite passivating agent, comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass of: 25% of slaked lime, 10-20% of monopotassium phosphate, 20-45% of plant ash and 20-45% of silkworm excrement. With the adoption of the soil heavy metal composite passivating agent disclosed by the invention, compared with a control group, an effective state lead content of the soil polluted by heavy metal is reduced by 20.23-47.61% within culture time of 30 days, and an effective state cadmium content is reduced by 20.15-50.57%; the passivating effect of the soil heavy metal composite passivating agent on the heavy metal is extremely obvious; and meanwhile, compared with the control group, the content of organic matters is improved by 48.62-64.47%, and the soil fertility is obviously improved. A method disclosed by the invention is applicable to repairing large-area heavy metal polluted soil and comprises the steps of repairing a heavy metal polluted farmland and repairing a heavy metal polluted mine; and the method has the advantages of lower cost, rapidness for repairing, simplicity in operation, feasible method and extremely great popularization value.

The invention provides a micro-organism restoration product and a restoration method used for soils polluted by petroleum and petroleum products. The micro-organism restoration product consists of degrading bacteria of hydrocarbon, biological nutrient, biology surfactant and soil activator; the four components are singly stored; in the micro-organism restoration method, the four matters are added according to a certain proportion and steps and mixed at the same time so as to complete the inoculation of biology restoration; subsequently, diluent of the biological nutrient and the soil surfactant are sprayed periodically, meanwhile, water is supplemented and the plowing and oxygen solarisation of the soil are carried out till that the required indexes are achieved. The micro-organism restoration method and the micro-organism restoration product of the invention solidify the degrading bacteria on wheat bran, solve the problem of long-term storage of the miro-organism, and can obtain the required micro-organism with the activation can be obtained by activating the micro-organism by warm water when in use; the method can adopt in-situ biological restoration or ex-situ biological restoration.

The invention discloses an arsenic-polluted soil remediation method. The method comprises the following steps: adding an oxidizing agent into arsenic-polluted soil, and standing for 1-4 hours, so as to obtain arsenic-polluted soil subjected to oxidization treatment, wherein a molar ratio of the oxidizing agent to arsenic in the arsenic-polluted soil is (0.01-20):1; and adding a stabilizer and/or a precipitator into the oxidized arsenic-polluted soil, uniformly stirring, stacking and maintaining for 1-7 days, so as to finally obtain the soil with the pH value of 5-10. The method is low in remediation cost and high in operability. The main process of the method refers to the operation of adding, stirring and mixing drugs, the requirement on process control is not strict, and the process is easily controlled; the method is environmentally-friendly; by adoption of the soil remediated by adopting the method, the pH value can be controlled in a range suitable for plant growth, the soil structure is prevented from being damaged, and the secondary pollution is avoided.

The invention relates to composite electrodes and an electrokinetic remediation method of heavy metal polluted soil by using the composite electrodes. According to the electrodes, an active material layer is adhered to the surface of graphite electrodes or metal electrodes of an anode and a cathode so as to form integrated composite electrodes with permeable reactive performance. By the permeablereactive layer, on one hand, H<+> and OH<-> generated from the electrode reaction can be neutralized and adsorbed, the pH value of the soil can be effectively controlled, and the heavy metal can be prevented from being prematurely deposited in the soil. On the other hand, migrated heavy metal pollutants can be captured, and in situ removal of the heavy metal pollutants in the soil can be realizedby removing the composite electrodes.

The invention discloses a biostimulation method for remediation of oil-polluted soil. In the method, on the premise of not adding an oil pollutant biodegrading bacterial agent, a soil conditioner is added to improve the soil environment, reduce soil stickiness, increase the soil permeability, adjust the water-retaining capacity of the soil, adjust inorganic and organic nutrients necessary for local microbe growth, maintain the pH value of the soil close to neutrality, promote oil pollutant degrading microbes in the soil to grow and propagate, and improve the oil pollutant degrading efficiency of the local microbes; by planting plants, the microenvironment of the soil near root systems of the plants is improved, the plants secrete organics with low molecular weight such as amino acid to the root systems so as to stimulate the massive propagation of the local microbes and indirectly promote oil pollutant degradation by the microbes of the root systems; and the biostimulation method has the advantages of accelerating the remediation of the oil-polluted soil and restoring the original state of the soil.

The invention discloses a chemical and microorganism combined remediation method and application of compound heavy metal polluted soil. Heavy metal ions in polluted soil are immobilized by adding a polluted soil chemical improver, and then the remediation of the polluted soil is continuously enhanced through an efficient heavy metal inhibiting microorganism functional fungicide and a soil improver microorganism function fungicide, thus the defect that a conventional chemical improver can well immobilize the single heavy metal and the heavy metals with similar natures but can not reach the standard when being used for remedying the compound heavy metal polluted soil is overcome; meanwhile, the chemical and microorganism combined remediation method integrates economic and environmental benefits, and can be applied to the remediation of the compound heavy metal polluted soil on large scale.

The invention provides an in-situ restoration device and an in-situ restoration method of organic polluted soil and underground water. The in-situ restoration device designed by the invention comprises a pneumatic source system, an agent dissolving and preparing system, an in-situ injection system and an injection well system. The in-situ restoration device is characterized in that the organic polluted soil and the underground water in a saturation layer and a non-saturation layer can be restored, injection wells are distributed at polluted areas according to the conditions of pollution distribution and hydrogeololgy and the like, and oxidizing agents prepared by the dissolving and preparing system are injected into the polluted areas by certain pressure through the injection system to restore target pollutants. The in-situ restoration device provided by the invention has the advantages that the injection wells are subjected to three-layer sealing by three sealing materials, the integration is good, the disassembly is fast and the economic and fast effects are achieved.