1312results about How to "Improve eco-efficiency" patented technology

The invention relates to an ecological greenbelt treatment process for treating rural domestic sewage, which mainly comprises the steps of: (1) anaerobic pretreatment: performing anaerobic hydrolysis pretreatment to domestic sewage; (2) artificial wetland treatment: performing artificial wetland treatment to pretreated domestic sewage; and (3) shallow ecological pond aerobic biotreatment: further performing shallow ecological pond aerobic biotreatment to outlet water treated by the artificial wetland, degrading and converting organic matters and nutrients entering the pond, and recycling purified sewage as a regenerated water resource. The invention adopts an ecological greenbelt treatment system comprising the anaerobic pretreatment, the artificial wetland and the shallow ecological pond to treat the rural domestic sewage, and has the characteristics of good treatment effect, recycling on site, low investment, low system operating cost, simple maintenance, obvious ecological benefit and the like.

The biphase anaerobic fermentation process of kitchen refuse to produce hydrogen and methane includes the following steps: 1. sorting kitchen refuse and mixing with water in certain amount; 2. mixing with sludge from sewage treating yard and heat treatment; 3. heat exchange between heat treated mixture and mixture without through heat treatment; 4. anaerobic fermentation of the heat treated mixture in the first phase to produce hydrogen; 5. anaerobic fermentation of the residue from the first phase fermentation in the second phase to produce methane; and 6. using the residue from the second phase fermentation as fertilizer or returning to replace sludge serving as hydrogen producing bacteria source. The process is simple, can recover the biomass energy from kitchen refuse effectively, and has no secondary pollution.

An efficient crushing and three-section type screening method of coking coal gravity middings belongs to coal crushing, dissociating and screening processes. Gravity middings in a coking coal preparation plant are taken as a raw material to be crushed through rolling to the fraction being below 6 mm or 3 mm; a desliming screen is used to deslime a material with the fraction being 1 mm, a material with the fraction being 6 to 1 mm or 3 to 1 mm enters into a three-product dense medium cyclone, and clean coal, middings and gangues are respectively obtained after two sections are subjected to medium drainage; the material with the fraction being 1 mm is mixed with tailings in a clean coal magnetic separator, fine coal slimes with the fraction being 0.25 mm are deslimed by a classifying cyclone; coarse coal slimes with the fractions being 1 to 0.25 mm enter into a teetered bed separator for screening, light products are dewatered by a sieve bend and a coal slime centrifuge to obtain coarse clean coal, and heavy products are dewatered by a screen bowl centrifuge to obtain tailings; the fine coal slimes with the fractions being 0.25 mm enter into a flotation machine for flotation, and foamed clean coal and the tailings are sequentially subjected to concentration and pressure filtration dewatering to obtain flotation clean coal and the tailing product; and after the gravity middings are crushed through rolling, the product returns to a mixing barrel. The method has the advantages that the graded screening is carried out on the preselected coal slimes with coarse fraction and fine fraction, and the equipment screening precision is improved.

A breaking grinding dissociation and re-flotation two-stage recovery process of coal in scarce coking belongs to a coal breaking dissociation flotation process. (1) coal products in a coal preparation plant serve as raw materials, and the coal which is larger than 6mm is rolled and broke into size smaller than 6mm; (2) a desliming screen is used for desliming on middings smaller than 6mm, middings which is 6-0.5mm enters a three-product dense medium cyclone, and dense medium, middings and gangue are obtained after two-stage medium separation is carried out; (3) the middings smaller than 0.5mm is mixed with clean coal magnetic separation gangue, a grading hydrocyclones group is adopted to conduct high frequency screening to obtain high ash fine silt contained slurry water, and coarse particle are mixed with middings on the midding sculping screen to enter a ball mill for wet grinding; and (4) products after grinding enter a flotation column to conduct flotation, foam clean coal and tailing are respectively concentrated, filtered and dewatered to obtain flotation clean coal and tailing products. The breaking grinding dissociation and re-flotation two-stage recovery process has the advantages that the high ash fine silt in fine fraction is pre-selected, pollution of the high ash fine silt is reduced, equipment separation particle size range is reduced, separation accuracy of equipment is improved, and scarce coking coal resources are recovered as far as possible.

The invention belongs to the technical field of livestock breeding and specifically relates to an ecological method of breeding chicken by planting grass under trees. The method includes that a fine forage grass breed which is shade-tolerant, trampling-resistant, strong in stress resistance and applicable to being planted in the forest is selected, and a forest land for grazing the chicken is modified to form a grassland under the trees for grazing the chicken; a contour grass and shrub zone in a stocking land is used for planting the grass, a chicken house is built in the middle of the grassland under the trees for grazing the chicken, zone division is performed for rotation grazing, and zones are separated by biological fences; and Chinese herbal plants are sowed in rotation grazing zones so that the grazed chicken can freely ingest the plants. A scientific evidence is provided for obvious economic benefits and ecological benefits which are achieved by means of rapid development of domestic fowls and effective ecological rehabilitation, wherein the domestic fowls of Hetian chicken and the like are applicable to stocking in forestland. By means of the model for breeding the chicken, high economic benefits are created, parts of the economic benefits are used for investing development of ecological chicken breeding model, and the created economic benefits and the development of ecological chicken breeding model are combined for creating better benefits, and accordingly, a virtuous cycle is achieved, ecological balance is kept, and the sustainable development is effectively achieved.

The invention belongs to a forest, greening and ecological restoration field and relates to a greening method for increasing plant diversity by simulating a natural plant community. The method comprises steps of: investigating the present situation and history of natural and local plant communities in a city or an area; evaluating and selecting natural and local plant communities; optimizing the selected natural and local plant communities; breeding seedlings of the natural and local plants; applying greening projects which simulate the natural and local plant communities; and subsequently optimizing and evaluating simulative natural and local plant communities and the projects. Utilizing the multi-layer plant community characteristics (multi-layer, multi-structure, multi-function) of the natural and local plant communities, the invention establishes close-natural plant communities which can fully utilize space resources, adapt to local environments and form stable and long-term coexistence; the invention can achieve a large green quantity per unit space, good ecological benefits and powerful ecological functions, substantially increase biological diversity of urban greenland, improve landscape functions, show regional characteristics and reduce maintenance costs.

The invention relates to a planting method for interplanting Chinese angelica in an orchard and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine materials and agricultural planting. The planting method for interplanting the Chinese angelica in the orchard comprises the steps that the Chinese angelica is interplanted in the orchard of peaches, pears, plums, apples and cherries, and field management can be carried out according to corresponding cultivation technologies. According to the planting method, spatial ecological niche complementary advantages of the Chinese angelica and fruit trees are fully utilized, a utilization rate of the orchard fields can be increased, a survival rate of seedlings of the Chinese angelica is increased, quality of the Chinese angelica medical materials is improved, incomes of farmers are increased, ecological environment of the orchard is improved, damage of weeds and diseases and pests is reduced, less pesticides are used, growth of the fruit trees is promoted, orchard management cost is lowered, and the planting method has good economic and ecological benefits.

The invention discloses a method for transplanting trees with whole canopy, which comprises the following steps: a, determining the size of mud balls and cutting roots; b, pruning; c, digging out themud balls and packaging; d, preparing a plant pit; e, planting; and f, maintaining. The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art to provide the method for transplanting the trees with whole canopy, which is scientific, reasonably, mature, orderly, and capable of improving the survival rate of the transplanted trees. The method for transplanting the trees with whole canopy has the survival rate of the trees of above 85 percent, ensures that the transplanted trees have good visual effect, and simultaneously achieves good economic and ecological benefits.

The invention belonging to the environmental protection and new technique energy source field discloses a coupling method for biogas fermentation and autotrophy type fresh water micro-algae culture. The invention is characterized by adopting the method of simultaneously carrying out biogas fermentation and autotrophy type fresh water micro-algae culture including biogas fermentation, marsh liquid processing, autotrophy type fresh water micro-algae inoculation and biogas introduction, control of autotrophy type fresh water micro-algae culture, and harvest of autotrophy type fresh water micro-algae culture. The invention adopts the coupling method of biogas fermentation process and phototrophy type fresh water micro-algae culture. The marsh liquid is taken as the culture medium of autotrophy fresh water micro-algae, and the CO2 in the biogas is taken as the CO2source needed by autotrophy type fresh water micro-algae culture, thereby greatly reducing the production cost of autotrophy type fresh water micro-algae and solving the problems of biogas purification and marsh liquid aftertreatment.

The invention discloses a method for aerially photographing a crop canopy picture for crop nitrogen analysis and soil fertilization guidance by using an unmanned aerial vehicle. The crop canopy picture is aerially photographed through the unmanned aerial vehicle, meanwhile, aerial latitude and longitude corresponding to the crop canopy picture are obtained, and crop nitrogen analysis and soil fertilization guidance are carried out by combining picture information and latitude and longitude information. According to the obtained method, large-area farmland information can be quickly obtained, influence and limitation of crop growth and farmland environments are avoided, a crop nitrogen state is diagnosed by using color parameters of the picture and the nitrogen fertilizer topdressing index is recommended, the method is accurate and reliable, accurate management of a nitrogen fertilizer is facilitated and better economical and ecological benefits are achieved. The method is fast and simple in operation, stable and reliable in structure, low in operation cost and beneficial to farmland application and popularization; and fine farming of the farmland can be significantly promoted. The aerial photograph equipment of the unmanned aerial vehicle is simple in structure and beneficial to efficient and stable aerial photographing of the crop canopy picture.

The invention relates to a system and a method integrating road surface runoff collection, purification, storage and utilization for plants. A biological planting groove lower than a road surface is used for collecting and processing road surface runoff at an initial stage and formed by stacking a planting soil layer, an infiltration filtering layer, a supporting layer, a water storage layer, an impervious layer and the like from the top to the bottom. The road surface runoff at a later stage is collected in a level observing well separated in the groove through an overflowing groove on the side of the biological planting groove and can be discharged directly through a lateral wall water discharging pipe. The collected road surface runoff at the initial stage is calculated according to an area rainstorm intensity formula and collecting time, and on the basis of the calculated road surface runoff at the initial stage, filling material texture and thickness, soil infiltration capacity, a soil surface distance and an overflow distance are combined to distribute filling materials of the planting soil layer and the water storage layer. Storage water is extracted by an extraction device and utilized for road surface plants. The system and the method are applicable to collection, processing and comprehensive utilization of the road surface runoff which is at the initial stage and has a pollution effect and emergency management of a road environment under the condition of leakage of dangerous goods during transportation.

The invention discloses an ecological restoration method for a lakeside wetland. In the method, hygrophilous woody plants are planted in a lakeside zone to construct wetland plant communities. The hygrophilous woody plants comprise hygrophilous arbor and hygrophilous shrub, wherein the hygrophilous arbor comprises willows, metasequoia, ascendens mucronatum, taxodium ascendens brongn and bamboo; the hygrophilous shrub comprises iteaceae and S.integra thrnb; and the plants are planted in the way of shoot cottage or soil ball transplant. The hygrophilous woody plants are perennial plants, have a low growth rate, low biomass, low growth amount and low plant disposal pressure and do not need felling and refloating every year, so that the defects of frequently harvesting and refloating herbal emergent aquatic plant communities every year are overcome, the maintenance and management cost of lake wetland plant communities are reduced, the lakeside depositing rate is lowered, and the secondary pollution hidden danger to lake water bodies is relieved. Compared with the prior art, the method has the characteristics of convenient operation, maintenance and management, low maintenance cost, high ecological benefit, easy popularization and application and the like and can be used for ecological restoration engineering of lake and lakeside bottomlands, swamp marshes and shallow water zones.

The invention provides a rice-duck culture method. The method comprises the following steps of 1, working duck selection, 2, duck releasing condition and time selection, 3, duck releasing site and area selection, 4, natural enemy protective wall building, 5, rice field parcel selection and building, 6, rice variety selection, 7, transplanting, 8, biological control of insect pests and weeds, 9, water management, 10, fertilization and 11, duck catching and rice harvesting. Compared with the prior art, the appropriate working ducks are selected, the ducks are released in good time, and a foreign protective wall is built based on the specific releasing density; an appropriate field parcel is selected, an appropriate transplanting method is built, the appropriate water management and fertilization technology are built, finally, the duck and rice yield and quality are improved, and the ecological benefits of the rice field are remarkably improved.

The invention discloses a compound constructed wetland tail water treatment system, which belongs to the field of sewage treatment technology. The system mainly includes a pretreatment and a constructed wetland system. The pretreatment portion comprises an aeration oxidation pool and an ecological gravel bed; The constructed wetland system fuses a design of stabilization lagoon, which combines a vertical current constructed wetland and a surface flow constructed wetland, and a stabilization lagoon is arranged in step in series; the tail water to be treated passes the aeration oxidation pool, the ecological gravel bed, the vertical current constructed wetland, the stabilization lagoon in order, and finally passes the surface flow constructed wetland and flows out. The system combines physical, chemical and biological means organically, thereby effectively improving the tail water quality, and the water quality of water outlet basically reaches the surface water environment standard III grade, and the water outlet can directly returns to river ecological environment for supplementing water and can be used as city miscellaneous water; the invention has the advantages of low investment, simple operation, low energy consumption, high environment benefit and ecological benefit, etc.

The invention discloses a method for constructing water fluctuation belt vegetations of the Three Gorges reservoir by the vertical arrangement of arbor-bush-grass, and relates to a method for constructing reservoir water fluctuation belt vegetations. The method comprises the followings steps of: 1, selecting arbor-bush-grass species which are suitable to be grown in the water fluctuation belts of the Three Gorges reservoir as plant materials; 2, selecting abandoned farmlands or areas where the soil layer is thicker and the terrain is gentle in the water fluctuation belts as a planting base; 3, after the water in the reservoir is receded in spring, cleaning residual vegetations, and flattening the lands; 4, at an altitudinal gradient, from bottom to top, planting annual plants, perennial plants, bushes and arbors in sequence; and 5, managing the vegetations according to the common method. In the method, the vegetations are planted on the suitable areas in the water fluctuation belts, so that the soil corrosion is controlled, the landscape is improved, and the ecological benefits of the water fluctuation belts are improved; the large-scaled popularization of the method is convenient; and the method is suitable to be used for not only constructing the vegetations on the water fluctuation belts of the Three Gorges reservoir, but also beautifying the landscape and re-constructing the vegetations in the reservoir water fluctuation belts in regions where all or a part of 12 species are suitable to be grown.

The present invention relates to a culture method of loquat, in particular. It is applicable to potted loquat. Said culture method includes the following four stages: seedling cultivating stage, grafting stage, potting stage and bloom-promoting fruit-keeping stage. Said invention also provides the concrete measures and steps of every stage.

The invention discloses an environmentally-friendly pond culture method for freshwater shrimps. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) selection of a pond; (2) pond reformation, (3) stocking of shrimp seedlings, (4) fodder and feeding, (5) water quality control and daily management and (6) catch of adult shrimps. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that: popularization and application of the environmentally-friendly pond culture method for the freshwater shrimps successfully researched by the invention can gain better economic benefit in freshwater shrimp culture, more important, the water quality of the pond of the culture mode is kept well all the time, nearly no culture wastewater is drained and the ecological benefit is extremely obvious. Under the conditions of frequent disease attack of the current other shrimp varieties and higher culture risk, the popularization of the environmentally-friendly culture mode for the freshwater shrimps is a good path for becoming rich for fishermen.

The invention discloses a rejuvenation-type repairing method of holes or depressed defects of rare old trees, comprising the steps of manufacturing a primary joint surface of a stock on the cambium part of the laburnum at the bottom of the slit of the old tree; grafting a plurality of scions on the joint surface of the stock; after surviving, manufacturing a second joint surface of the stock attaching the scions on the cambium part of the laburnum on the upper part of the slit of the old tree; finally, manufacturing third joint surfaces between the slit and the scions, and the scions, so that the broken laburnums on the holes or depressed defects of the old tree trunk are communicated again by bridge function of the scions and the substances in the tree are transported vertically and thedepressed defects are supported well; thus the old tree is saved, rejuvenated and repaired, and the unique landscape symbolic significance and carried historical and cultural significance of the old tree are continued; thus the method has research value, ecological benefit, economic benefit and social benefit.

The invention relates to a process for culturing lucid ganoderma, which is characterized by culturing the lucid ganoderma according to the following steps: configuring a culture base material, culturing lysogenic bacteria of the lucid ganoderma, culturing culture bacteria of the lucid ganoderma, vaccinating a tree section and culturing a sporocarp, wherein in the culture process of the sporocarp, when the natural temperature is above 20 DEG C, the tree section after vaccinating culture breeding is transplanted to the soil among woodland after a bacterium bag is removed, the tree section is arranged under the soil, and a lucid ganoderm filament on the tree section naturally grows in the soil. The invention simulates a wild culture way of the lucid ganoderma to culture the lucid ganoderma by flexibly combining an artificial culture process and a wild culture process of the lucid ganoderma, thereby being beneficial to improving the yield and the quality of the lucid ganoderma and the space utilization ratio and the benefits of the woodland.

The invention discloses a method for producing black tea through artificial intelligence enzymatic fermentation. The method has the advantages as follows: (1) the preparation process for producing high-quality black tea is a mechanical, intelligent and biological fermentation preparation process; (2) mechanical equipment configured for the process is energy-saving and environment-friendly, so that the economic, social and ecological benefits are significant; (3) the process integrates a computer intellectual technology to the field of black tea processing, so that a new high-tech process technology is initiated for black tea processing in China; (4) a glucoamylase enzymatic biological fermentation technology in the method disclosed by the invention optimizes the quality of the black tea and increases the nutritional function of the black tea; (5) a microwave sterilization process of the method discloses by the invention thoroughly kills all harmful organisms to ensure the quality safety of a product.

The invention discloses a stone side slope biological control method which comprises the following steps of (1) side slope status analysis and safety evaluation, (2) nursery stocks pre-cultivating, (3) bird nest type layout, (4) bionic nest building, (5) formula planting and (6) community forming. The stone side slope biological control method integrates the engineering mechanics, the ecology, the aesthetics, the biotechnology and other disciplines and fields, a stable and ecological three-dimensional side slope can be quickly formed, the landscape effect is good, the ecological benefit is lasting and stable, maintenance cost is low, maintenance difficulty is low, the slope fixing effect is obvious, a protection function is outstanding, and the method is used for side slope protection of roads, railways, dams and the like, and also can be used for ecological management of desertification and stony desertification.