The invention relates to a long-distance traffic sign detection and identification method suitable for a vehicle-mounted system. The method comprises the following steps: 1, preprocessing a traffic sign image sample set; 2, constructing a lightweight convolutional neural network, and completing the convolutional feature extraction of the traffic sign; 3, through a channel-spatial attention moduleembedded into the lightweight convolutional neural network, constructing an attention characteristic graph; 4, using a region generation network RPN to generate a candidate region of the target; 5, introducing context region information into the target candidate region generated by the RPN, and enhancing the mark classification characteristics; 6, sending the feature vector into a full connectionlayer, and outputting the category and position of the traffic sign; 7, establishing an attention loss function, and training an FL-CNN model; 8, repeating the steps 2-7 to complete sample training ofthe FL-CNN model; and 9, repeating 2-6 to finish traffic sign detection and identification of the actual scene. According to the invention, long-distance traffic sign detection and identification arerealized, and the precision reaches 92%.