34 results about "Surface water pollution" patented technology

The invention provides a detector for detecting total organic carbon (TOC) in sewage, mainly comprising a sample pool capable of being transmitted by ultraviolet rays, a UV optical splitter and a data processor of the organic carbon. The detector is characterized in that UV can emit 240-450nm of UV beams, and a neon lamp is used as a UV light source; the optical splitter is a UV reflective blazed grating, and the light strength of the light beams at each wavelength is detected by a linear array UV CCD (Charged Coupled Device); and the TOC value is determined according to the relationship between the absorbance at the feature wavelength and the TOC content. As known from the scheme, the detector has low cost and good stability and is capable of fully realizing automation and accurately measuring the TOC value so as to comprehensively reflect the pollution degree of the organic matter in the water. Thus, the detector has important help and realistic significance for monitoring and measuring the sewage discharge and the water pollution on the ground surface.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a fracturing supercritical carbon dioxide thickener containing a siloxane polymer. The method comprises the steps: carrying out a reflux reaction on anaminopropyl alkoxy silane hydrolysis product, tetravinyl tetramethylcyelo tetrasiloxane and other cyclosiloxane under the catalysis of an alkali to prepare aminopropyl-terminated vinyl side chain modified polydimethylsiloxane; then, carrying out an acylchloride reaction on the aminopropyl-terminated vinyl side chain modified polydimethylsiloxane and aroyl chloride to prepare an aroylamino-terminated side chain modified siloxane polymer; dropwise adding an organic solvent solution of chloroplatinic acid to make the aroylamino-terminated side chain modified siloxane polymer react with hydrosiloxane to obtain a product. The preparation method is high in monomer synthesis efficiency, the siloxane polymer serving as phenyl and acylamino in the fracturing supercritical carbon dioxide thickenerproduct is capable of improving the thickening effect, and when the dosage of the product is relatively low, the thickening performance is good, and the pollution to underground water and surface water of a stratum is reduced.

The invention discloses a method for forecasting ecological risks of pollutant in surface water environment on living beings. Combined with a non-constant water environment module and a water ecology toxicology comprehensive module, the invention discloses a method for assessing the ecological risks in the surface water environment, which comprises a long-term ecological risks assessing method and an acute ecological risks assessing method. The long-term ecological risks assessing method emphasizes the long-term accumulation effect of the pollutant and also takes the ecological toxicology effect and hydrodynamic and water quality space-time trends characteristics into consideration, which is a comprehensive ecological risk assessment method; and the acute ecological risks assessing method emphasizes the acute ecological risk assessment for the pollutant and provides methodology support for rapid ecological risk assessment in surface water pollution events.

The invention provides a mobile suction filtering device which can control pollution absorption in layer separation way, and relates to the technical field of water purification, in particular to the technology of removing surface water pollution. The device is characterized in that: a suction pump, in which the rotating shaft is meshed with the output shaft of an electric motor, is provided; the suction end of the suction pump is connected with a backseat port of a suction head by a transportation flexible hose; the output end is connected to a water absorption inlet of a filter box; the water absorption inlet is connected with a geotextile bag in the filter box; the bottom side of the filter box is provided with an outlet with a filter screen; the components are all arranged in a framework which is structured by channel steels; wherein, in the framework, the base of the framework is a chassis, the middle is symmetrically provided with two large wheels, the back and the front are respectively provided with two small wheels and a carrying vehicle body which is formed by a push-and-pull railing is provided; the suction head can break away the vehicle body and the movement direction is operated by a catch bar independently. The suction head has rolling-type dirt absorption head and free-floating dirt absorption drum. The invention provides a simple, reliable and simplified sewage disposal unit for society; the device is characterized in that: different suction heads are used for dirt absorption according to different occasions, thus being a practical invention.

The invention relates to an isotope based surface water pollution source analytical method, which comprises the steps of: 1) sampling: laying sampling points and conducting sampling according to industry standards; 2) isotope detection: taking isotopes of hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and nitrogen, namely D, <18>O, <13>C, and <15>N as the indexes; employing an isotope ratio mass spectrometer to detect the ratios of isotopes of hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and nitrogen, namely D, <18>O, <13>C, and <15>N in samples, and conducting comparison with international standard substances, and working out isotope ratios of the samples; and 3) data analysis: drawing a hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratio diagram according to the ratios of isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen, namely D and <18>O in source and convergence samples; selecting analysis nodes, calculating a pollution source contribution rate through a source convergence isotope ratio of the nodes, and determining a new pollution source by judging whether the source convergence isotope ratio of outflow nodes is balanced, and then making use of analysis of the isotopes of carbon and nitrogen, namely <13>C and <15>N to verify the accuracy of the result. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of improving the accuracy and efficiency.

The invention provides a preparation method of artificial capsule type multifunctional particles, and belongs to the field of surface water pollution treatment. According to the preparation method, ore is used as a carrier, microorganisms are loaded on the ore by adding a binder and a flocculant, and meanwhile, mineral particles are coated with a binder layer, a flocculant layer and a high-efficiency degrading bacterium layer to form structures similar to bacterial capsules. The capsule structure not only can protect microorganisms in mineral particles, but also has the capability of immobilizing external efficient degrading bacteria. Minerals, a binding-flocculating material and microorganisms in the multifunctional particles coordinate with one another, comprehensive utilization is realized, the advantages of each components are maintained, optimal adjustment is performed according to different pollution characteristics of water body, the floating water purification capacity is effectively improved, the effects of energy conservation, emission reduction and resource utilization are achieved, and the method can be widely applied to pollution treatment of rivers, lakes and reservoirs and has good market application prospects.

The present invention is applicable to the technical field of environmental safety supervision and discloses a method for measuring 55 volatile organic compounds in surface water, comprising the steps of pretreating a sample, setting instrument parameters, establishing standard curves and quantifying by internal standard method. According to the method for measuring 55 volatile organic compounds in surface water, after a certain amount of surface water sample is extracted with methanol, a substrate correction fluid is added, headspace treatment is carried out, 55 volatile organic compounds in the surface water sample are qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry method, and the method is simple to perform, high in accuracy and sensitivity, has small interference and good repeatability, has good curvilinearity of the 55 volatile organic compounds in a concentration range of 40 Mu / L to 900 Mu / L, has each correlation coefficient reaching 0.999 and above, is highly practical to monitoring the volatile organic compounds in surface water, is useful for risk assessment of surface water pollution condition, and has important environmental significance.

The invention discloses a water body pollution traceability and risk prediction evaluation method based on online spectrum recognition, belongs to the technical field of surface water pollutant monitoring, traceability and risk evaluation, and includes exploring possible pollutant types and corresponding sources of a target water area and constructing a pollutant map; measuring a local river and lake water quality background value; carrying out real-time water quality monitoring and feeding back water quality data by utilizing an immersion type UV water quality online analyzer; constructing acloud computing platform to collect river and lake real-time water quality monitoring data fed back by the water quality analyzer and compare the water quality data in real time; according to the comparison result, if it is judged that pollutant leakage occurs, using a high-precision water quality traceability model based on a Kalman filtering method for pollutant traceability; performing pollution risk assessment rapidly according to the traceability result. The system constructed by the invention comprises a real-time online monitoring function and a cloud computing function, and a traceability and risk assessment target integrating the characteristics of data platformization, recognition accuracy, high computing speed, operation simplification and the like is realized.

The invention provides a fly ash water purification method which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing fly ash with solid alkali in proportion, putting the mixture into a homogeneous reactor, and performing calcining, drying and grinding to obtain low-temperature alkali-modified fly ash; and adding the low-temperature alkali-modified fly ash into sewage, performing mixing and stirring onthe low-temperature alkali-modified fly ash and the sewage, adding a flocculant, quickly stirring, slowly stirring, standing for settling, and finally carrying out sludge separation. The fly ash is comprehensively utilized, environmental pollution can be reduced, the additional value is high, and the dosage of an adsorbent is effectively reduced after alkali modification. The sludge adsorbing ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus and COD can be subjected to alkali activation and cyclic utilization again, so that the resource utilization of the solid waste fly ash is realized. The method is simple in process, low in cost and easy to operate, and can be applied to treatment of heavy metals, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus and COD in surface water pollution, town sewage and industrial sewage.

The invention discloses a method for producing active magnesium oxide from spice waste residues, wherein the method comprises the steps: adding water into basic magnesium chloride waste residues generated from spices to distill out a solvent, carrying out filter pressing to obtain magnesium chloride mother liquor, adding hydrogen peroxide into the mother liquor to fade, adding ammonium bicarbonateand ammonia water to precipitate basic magnesium carbonate, washing, drying and calcining to obtain the active magnesium oxide, wherein the citric acid value is 8.0-18.0 s, and the magnesium oxide content is greater than or equal to 97.5%. According to the invention, the spice basic magnesium chloride waste residues are used as a raw material, and an ammonium bicarbonate carbonization method is used for producing active magnesium oxide, so that the problem of recycling magnesium resources is solved, the economy is created, the ecological environment problem that the waste residues pollute soil and surface water is avoided, and the effective utilization of resources and the ecological environment protection are promoted, and economic and ecological benefits are significant.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a fracturing supercritical carbon dioxide thickener containing a siloxane polymer. The method comprises the steps: carrying out a reflux reaction on anaminopropyl alkoxy silane hydrolysis product, tetravinyl tetramethylcyelo tetrasiloxane and other cyclosiloxane under the catalysis of an alkali to prepare aminopropyl-terminated vinyl side chain modified polydimethylsiloxane; then, carrying out an acylchloride reaction on the aminopropyl-terminated vinyl side chain modified polydimethylsiloxane and aroyl chloride to prepare an aroylamino-terminated side chain modified siloxane polymer; dropwise adding an organic solvent solution of chloroplatinic acid to make the aroylamino-terminated side chain modified siloxane polymer react with hydrosiloxane to obtain a product. The preparation method is high in monomer synthesis efficiency, the siloxane polymer serving as phenyl and acylamino in the fracturing supercritical carbon dioxide thickenerproduct is capable of improving the thickening effect, and when the dosage of the product is relatively low, the thickening performance is good, and the pollution to underground water and surface water of a stratum is reduced.

The invention belongs to the technical field of surface water pollution (cyanobacteria and eutrophication) treatment and discloses a water treatment method for treating surface water pollution (cyanobacteria and eutrophication). The method comprises the following steps of selecting a carrier: using stones and / or clay bricks as the carrier, and placing the stones and / or clay bricks in a designated enclosure space; making a medium carrier: starting a light quantum emission device pre-installed in the designated enclosure space to perform light quantum resonance technique processing on the stones and / or clay bricks placed in the designated enclosure space, and preparing the media carrier; treating water: determining a medium carrier layout plan according to the content of cyanobacteria in the water to be treated and the degree of eutrophication, and placing in the water to be treated for processing after making; the technical scheme has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, easy implementation, no secondary pollution to water and the like.

The invention relates to the field of water body detecting, in particular to a quick detecting method of the water body total phosphorus content. Specially, the detecting method is realized by considering a to-be-detected water sample as a detected object and strong basicity anion resin as an enrichment substrate, and using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Compared with the prior art the quick detecting method of the water body total phosphorus content and a system have the advantages that (1) input is simple,and mixing operation is easy, operating procedures are simplified, the complex rate of the system is decreased, and professional staff are not needed; (2) the resin serving as a material of the enrichment substrate is low in cost, is frequently-used water purifying ion-exchange resin, and can be resolved and regenerated to be recycled, and secondary pollution is avoided; and (3) the total phosphorus density in unit detecting units is increased by an ion-exchange resin enrichment way, so that the detecting limit of total phosphorus is reduced, the total phosphorous low concentration is identified and detected, and the method can be used for quantification quick monitoring and early warning of surface water pollution.

The invention discloses a method for degrading organic pollutants in water by using a WO3-TiO2 photocatalytic material based on SiO2 aerosol. The photocatalytic material can effectively utilize solarlight to degrade petroleum contaminants in surface water bodies, can be used for surface water pollution control, and belongs to the field of water pollution control. The method mainly utilizes the very-large specific surface area of the SiO2 aerosol and the higher visible light utilization efficiency of WO3 and efficiently utilizes sunlight to generate free radicals to degrade the petroleum contaminants in the water bodies. The method has the following advantages that (1) the prepared material has the very-large specific surface area which is larger than 400 m<2> / g, and a large number of exposed active sites can achieve efficient free radical generation and pollutant degradation; (2) the combination of the SiO2 aerosol and the TiO2 can effectively reduce the recombination (energy loss) ofphotogenerated electron-hole during catalysis, while doping of a small amount of WO3 can achieve efficient solar light utilization efficiency, and the organic pollutants in the water bodies are efficiently removed under energy-saving and environment-friendly conditions; (3) the material has high stability in water, is easy to recycle, and reduces the generation of secondary pollution.

The invention relates to a comprehensive utilization method of spice production waste residues and synthetic ammonia purge gas, which comprises the following steps: 1, adding water into basic magnesium chloride waste residues generated in spice production, heating, and hydrolyzing basic magnesium chloride to obtain turbid liquid of magnesium chloride and magnesium hydroxide, 2, adding hydrogen peroxide to oxidize and decolorize, and carrying out filter pressing separation to obtain a magnesium hydroxide filter cake, 3, adding water into the magnesium hydroxide filter cake, and pulping to obtain a magnesium hydroxide turbid solution, 4, introducing synthetic ammonia purge gas into the turbid liquid for carbonization reaction to obtain magnesium bicarbonate water containing magnesium bicarbonate, and 5, heating and pyrolyzing the heavy magnesium water to obtain basic magnesium carbonate turbid liquid, performing filter pressing to obtain a filter cake, and washing, drying and calcining the filter cake to obtain high-activity magnesium oxide. The method has the advantages that the problem of recycling of magnesium resources is solved, and the pollution of waste residues to soil and surface water and the influence of direct emission of carbon dioxide gas into the atmosphere on the ecological environment are avoided. By adopting the pressurized carbonization method, the carbonization time is shortened, the utilization rate of carbon dioxide is increased, the energy consumption is reduced, the equipment investment is reduced, and the economic and ecological benefits are remarkable.

The invention discloses transition metal nano oxidase, a preparation method, a water treatment device and application, and relates to the field of nano catalysts. The active site of the transition metal nano oxidase is expressed as M-N-C, and M is one or more of Fe, Co, Cu, Mn, Zn, Ni, Ti, Zr and Mo. The oxidase has a platinum-like catalyst property and directly catalyzes oxygen to oxidize organicmatters. When the transition metal nano oxidase is used for surface water pollution treatment, compared with a traditional water treatment catalyst, hydroxyl free radicals are not generated in the reaction, oxidants such as ozone, hydrogen peroxide and persulfate do not need to be additionally added, except for energy required by aeration and a water pump, additional energy input is not needed, the medicament and energy cost is greatly reduced, and the purpose of efficiently treating natural organic pollutants in the surface water is achieved.

The invention discloses a pre-treatment method for preparing ceramsites from heavy metal contaminated soil before entering a kiln. The pre-treatment method includes first step: impurity removing, screening and crushing are carried out; second step: calcium oxide is added to the soil, the water is added, and even stirring is carried out; third step: the obtained mixture is fed into a ball mill, andclay minerals are added at the same time; fourth step: heavy metal leaching concentration is determined, and if the leaching concentration does not exceed a concentration limit of type III surface water pollutants, the pre-treatment process is over; fifth step: if the leaching concentration is still higher than the concentration limit of the type III surface water pollutants, the process is returned to the first step, after the first step and the second step treatment are repeated in sequence, then the obtained object is directly send to a ceramsite kiln in a non-granulation mode, and high-temperature roasting is carried out according to the operation procedure of the ceramsite kiln; and six step: the third step is repeated, and the pre-treatment is completed. The pre-treatment method aims to effectively reduce the heavy metal release risk of ceramsite products, and the problem of heavy metal excessive release of the high and low heavy metal polluted soil ceramsites under the currentsituation is solved.

The invention discloses a mixed solid waste pile point soil pollution risk management and control method based on a horizontal barrier technology. The method comprises the following steps that S1, a flat site is selected; S2, solid waste pile point excavation is conducted, specifically, a row of cement soil stirring piles are evenly distributed in the downstream direction of a preset solid waste pile point, the lower portions of the cement soil stirring piles extend into a natural continuous anti-seepage clay layer 3-8 m below the earth surface, then the solid waste pile point of the specified size is excavated in the half slope vertical direction, and a high-density polyethylene film HDPE is laid at the bottom of the solid waste pile point; S3, solid waste pouring and compacting are carried out; S4, a horizontal barrier is established; and S5, an underground water monitoring well is established. According to the risk management and control method, the exposure path of pollutants is blocked, the risks of downstream underground water and surface water pollution and the like caused by rainwater infiltration, surface runoff and underground runoff are reduced, the top is covered with HDPE and a composite geomembrane, and long-term monitoring and maintenance are carried out after greening recovery and blocking are completed, so that the effectiveness of risk management and control measures of the blocking technology is determined.

The invention discloses a light quantum water environment treatment system and a purification control method thereof, and belongs to the field of surface water pollution treatment, the system comprises: feeding base bodies, which are uniformly distributed in a water purification area in a gridding manner and float on the water surface, are mutually connected through connecting assemblies; feeding assemblies, which are arranged at the upper parts of the feeding base bodies, and are used for putting carriers; and an industrial personal computer, which is connected with the feeding base bodies, the connecting assemblies and the feeding assemblies respectively, wherein the feeding assembly comprises a feeding box body. According to the invention, the black and odorous water treatment, blue-green algae treatment, water ecological restoration, water quality upgrading and reconstruction, water transparency improvement and the like are achieved, the water purification area range is controlled in the water purification process, the benign natural water ecology is effectively restored, and a good natural water ecological system is formed.

The invention discloses a regulation, storage and purification system, wherein the regulation, storage and purification system comprises an interception barrel floating in a water body, a water storage bag, a fluidized bed sewage treatment device and an artificial floating island filter belt, the retention barrel and the water storage bag The water inlet of the fluidized bed sewage treatment plant is connected to the water storage bag to receive sewage and intercept floating objects. The water storage bag is used to store sewage and settle sediment. The fluidized bed sewage treatment device is connected to the water storage bag through pumping equipment to decompose organic matter and remove nitrogen and phosphorus. The water inlet of the artificial floating island filter belt is connected to the water outlet of the fluidized bed sewage treatment device, and the water outlet of the artificial floating island filter belt is used to connect to the receiving water body. Therefore, it can effectively solve the problem of surface water pollution caused by the overflow of combined pipe network or initial rainwater in densely developed areas or old urban areas, and does not occupy the ground space, but uses the volume of surface water to collect, store and purify sewage , Efficiently remove suspended solids, sediment, organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus and other nutrients to ensure continuous cleanliness of surface water.

The invention discloses surface water pollution treatment equipment which structurally comprises a base, a roller, a water inlet, a sludge outlet and a water outlet, sludge is contained in sewage andhas viscosity, a mucous membrane is easily formed between a screw rod and the inner wall of the roller, and a clearing block in a clamping block is moved out of the bottom of the clamping block through the thrust of the sewage; the fan blades in the clearing block rotate under the thrust of water flow, and the blades on the surfaces of the fan blades pierce mucous membranes of the screw rod and the inner wall of the roller so that impurities blocked by the mucous membranes are accelerated to pass through, the mucous membranes are reduced, the rotating speed of the screw rod is increased, and mud-water separation of sewage is accelerated; when the fan blades clears the mucous membranes, sludge and impurities in sewage are easily attached to the surfaces of the fan blades, the sewage is pressurized for multiple times through the impact plate, the impact force of the sewage is increased to impact the fan blades, falling of the sludge and the impurities on the surfaces of the fan blades isfacilitated, the gravity of the fan blades is reduced, the rotating speed of the fan blades is increased, and mucous membranes are accelerated to be pierced.

The invention relates to a system and a method for purifying water area surface source pollution. The system comprises a primary purification unit, a slow filter tank unit, a deep purification unit and a biological purification unit which are arranged along a first direction from a road surface to a water area in sequence. According to the system, a road landscape design idea is adopted and the road surface runoff biological treatment system suitable for different environments and region conditions is formed, so that pollutants in a runoff can be effectively removed from sources the influences to the peripheral biological environment, caused by road development, are reduced and lowered to the greatest extent, and furthermore, the pollution to receiving water, caused by pollutants generated by washing the road surface through rainwater, is effectively controlled, and the road landscape effect is improved. The system and the method are applicable to prevention of river and lake surface source pollution and are particularly suitable for city and suburb water runoff pollution management.

The invention relates to the field of water body detection, in particular to a rapid detection method for total phosphorus content in water body. Specifically, the detection method is realized by taking the water sample to be tested as the detection object, using the strongly basic anion resin as the enrichment matrix, and using Fourier transform infrared spectrum detection. The advantages of the method and system of the present invention compared with the comparative technology are: (1) simple input and mixing operation, simplifies the operation process, reduces the complexity of the system, and does not require professionals; (2) the cost of the resin enriched matrix material is low , commonly used ion exchange resins for water purification, can be regenerated and reused to avoid secondary pollution; (3) Increase the total phosphorus density in the unit detection unit by ion exchange resin enrichment, thereby reducing the detection limit of total phosphorus , to realize the identification and detection of low concentration of total phosphorus, and the method can be used for quantitative and rapid monitoring and early warning of surface water pollution.

The invention provides a preparation method of artificial capsule type multifunctional particles, and belongs to the field of surface water pollution treatment. According to the preparation method, ore is used as a carrier, microorganisms are loaded on the ore by adding a binder and a flocculant, and meanwhile, mineral particles are coated with a binder layer, a flocculant layer and a high-efficiency degrading bacterium layer to form structures similar to bacterial capsules. The capsule structure not only can protect microorganisms in mineral particles, but also has the capability of immobilizing external efficient degrading bacteria. Minerals, a binding-flocculating material and microorganisms in the multifunctional particles coordinate with one another, comprehensive utilization is realized, the advantages of each components are maintained, optimal adjustment is performed according to different pollution characteristics of water body, the floating water purification capacity is effectively improved, the effects of energy conservation, emission reduction and resource utilization are achieved, and the method can be widely applied to pollution treatment of rivers, lakes and reservoirs and has good market application prospects.

The invention relates to a prevention and treatment method for heavy metal pollution of mining area surface water, which comprises the following steps: (1) investigating the pollution condition of the mining area surface water, and selecting an engineering treatment position; (2) constructing a purification system; (3) detecting and determining a treatment effect and a material adsorption saturation degree; and (4) replacing the purifying and repairing material. The method can effectively remove the heavy metal ions dissolved in the surface water in the mining area so as to avoid damage to the downstream natural environment and resident health, and is low in manufacturing cost, good in effect and simple and convenient to operate.

A harmless disposal system of pig manure comprises multiple rectangular manure collecting tanks respectively arranged under manure leakage plates of pigsties of a pig farm. Each manure collecting tankis formed by enclosing of a bottom wall and side walls around the bottom wall, the four side walls of the two adjacent manure collecting tanks which are located on the same plane extend to the opposite side walls on the same plane to form ventilation rooms for ventilation of gas in the two adjacent manure collecting tanks, tops of the ventilation rooms are sealed through concrete cover plates, ventilation pipes are arranged in the ventilation rooms, one ports of the ventilation pipes are communicated with the ventilation rooms while the other ports are communicated with the manure collectingtanks, and gas in the manure collecting tanks is ventilated. By the arrangement, stink of the manure collecting tanks is greatly reduced, more comfortable environment is provided for pigs, pollution brought by the pigsties and surrounding air is greatly reduced, high water resistance of the manure collecting tanks is achieved, and groundwater and surface water pollution caused by manure is effectively prevented.

The invention relates to a black and odorous and eutrophication water body biological and ecological remediation and treatment process. The treatment process can carry out source biological and ecological interception on surface water pollution and is combined with terminal water body bioremediation. The invention can not only control pollution load entering a water body, but also beautify river way and revetment of lakes, and doesn't occupies need extra land. The water body biological remediation system can improve a water micro-ecosystem, restore water body biodiversity, improve the self-cleaning capability of the water body, and effectively improve the water quality of the water body. The invention has great popularization value on the treatment of surface water, especially urban rivers and lakes.