218 results about "Surface water body" patented technology

The invention relates to a method and a device for purifying combined-flow artificial floating island water bodies. The device is provided with an artificial floating island frame; particle filling areas (6) are arranged in the artificial floating island frame; tightly accumulated particle fillers (6a) are filled in the particle filling areas; the particle filling areas are distributed at the lower part of the artificial floating island frame in a dispersed manner; sparse fillers (7a) with good overflowing property are arranged between the dispersed particle filling areas (6c) to form a sparse filling area (7) in which the flow is obviously higher than the osmosis flow in the particle filling areas; the particle filling areas are distributed at the upper part of the artificial floating island frame in a whole area or in sub-area to form an upper layer particle filling area on which humidogene emergent aquatic plants can be planted. In the invention, different filling areas are arranged to form combined flow of coexistence of porous media seepage and space continuity flow, thus fully purifying water bodies under the actions of physics, chemistry, plants and microorganisms and the like, and achieving the high effects of nitrogen and phosphorus removal by adopting the invention to process eutrophic surface water bodies, such as rivers and lakes and the like.

The invention discloses an in-situ restoring method of bottom mud polluted by surface water body. The in-situ restoring method comprises the following steps of: injecting nitrate solution into the bottom mud, removing organic pollutant in the bottom mud by using the nitrate and inhibiting releasing of phosphorous in the bottom mud; adding active cover materials on the bottom mud-water interface to form an active cover layer system; controlling ammonia nitrogen released from the bottom mud by using the formed active cover layer system; and preventing the nitrate in pore water from migrating towards overlaying water so as to avoid the nitrite pollution of the overlaying water. Through the technical scheme, the in-situ restoring method can realize in-situ restoring of the bottom mud polluted by surface water body such as lakes or rivers as well as releasing control of the nitrogen phosphorous and organic pollutant in the bottom mud.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a method and a device for extracting surface water body information based on a remote sensing model. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring remote sensing image data; preprocessing the remote sensing image data to obtain processed remote sensing data; setting a corresponding threshold value for the processed remote sensing data; performing binarization processing on the processed remote sensing data according to the threshold value to obtain processed binarization remote sensing data; and extracting the surface water body information according to the processed binarization remote sensing data. Through adoption of the method and the device, the water body information is enhanced gradually; the water body information extraction accuracy and speed are increased; and the problems of incapability of completely restraining background information which is irrelevant to a water body, low extraction accuracy, high time consumption and the like in the prior art are solved.

The invention discloses a continuous observation system for dissolving of methane in a surface water body, relating to greenhouse gas monitoring equipment. The continuous observation system is provided with a surface water pump, filtering equipment, temperature and salinity measurement equipment, a flow controller, a water-vapor balance device, a temperature probe, a gas pump, a cold trap, a waterproof electrode, a filtering device, an off-axis integral cavity output spectrum detector, a valve and a standard gas cylinder; a water inlet of the surface water pump is arranged underwater, a water outlet of the surface water pump is connected with an inlet of the filtering equipment, an outlet of the filtering equipment is connected with the temperature and salinity measurement equipment, an outlet of the temperature and salinity measurement equipment is connected with an inlet of the flow controller, an outlet of the flow controller is connected with the balance device which is communicated with the atmosphere, an air outlet formed in the upper part of the balance device is connected with a gas inlet of the gas pump, the temperature probe is arranged in the balance device, a gas outlet of the gas pump is connected with an inlet of the cold trap, an outlet of the cold trap is connected with the waterproof electrode, an outlet of the waterproof electrode is connected with an inlet of the filtering device, an outlet of the filtering device is connected with an inlet of the detector, and an outlet of the standard gas cylinder is connected with the balance device and the detector through the valve respectively.

The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a system and method for treating wastewater containing sodium chloride. The system for treating wastewater containing sodium chloride comprises a crystallization centrifugal separation system and is characterized in that the crystallization centrifugal separation system comprises a hydrocyclone, a thickener and a centrifugal machine which are sequentially connected, wherein the hydrocyclone is connected with a triple effect evaporation device used for concentrating wastewater containing the sodium chloride. The system has the beneficial effects of realizing zero emission of the wastewater, reducing negative effects of salt-containing wastewater emission on local surface water body and agricultural production, recycling a large quantity of steam condensate and sodium chloride, realizing win-win targets of economic benefit and environmental protection benefit, reducing consumption of live steam and lowering operation cost, and has a wider application prospect in the high-salinity wastewater treatment project.

The invention belongs to the technical field of environment protection and particularly relates to an in-situ combination method used for surface water black odorous sediment remediation. The method includes: adding zeolite modified by zirconium to a position above a sediment-water interface, and stirring or hydraulically disturbing to mix sediment with the zeolite modified by the zirconium; injecting nitrate into the sediment; adding the zeolite modified by the zirconium and zeolite to the position above the sediment-water interface to form a first covering system; covering the first covering system with a second covering system built by geotechnical cloth wrapping special absorbent materials; continuously remedying for a certain period of time, then removing the second covering system, and allowing the first covering system to be still placed at the position above the sediment-water interface. The method has the advantages that the method combines nitrate injection, adding of the zeolite modified by the zirconium, covering by the zeolite/zeolite modified by the zirconium mixture and covering by the geotechnical cloth wrapping the special absorbent materials to remedy the black odorous sediment and control the release of sediment ammonia, nitrogen and total phosphorus, and the method can effectively prevent the nitrate from leaking into overlying water.

The invention discloses a floating visible-light-induced photocatalyst capable of degrading organic pollutants in a water body. The floating visible-light-induced photocatalyst uses fly ash floating beads as a carrier, wherein the surfaces of the fly ash floating beads are coated with a BiOBr or/and BiOI material, and a coverage rate is 50 to 100%; and the fly ash floating beads are hollow spherical particles with diameters in a range of 20 to 200 [mu]m and specific gravity of 0.3 to 0.5 g/cm<3>. A preparation method for the floating visible-light-induced photocatalyst loads BiOBr or/and BiOI onto the surfaces of the fly ash floating beads through two steps, i.e., neutralization-hydrolysis and low-temperature insulation treatment, so energy consumption of high-temperature treatment and damage of high-temperature treatment to the structures of the floating beads are avoided, operation time is short and controllable, and implementation and industrial utilization of the preparation method are more easier. The prepared visible-light-induced photocatalyst has low cost, can be repeatedly used, is floatable on the surface of a water body, enables the removal rate of rhodamine B to reach 100% within 40 min, and has good application prospects in treatment of pollutions of surface water bodies, especially in treatment of water bodies with organic pollutants floating on the surface of the water bodies.

The invention discloses a method for controlling non-point source pollution of paddy field by integrating and combining trenches and ponds in the farmland, and relates to the technical field of agricultural environment protection. According to the invention, based on the coupling characteristics of water quantity and water quality of runoff of the paddy field, by combining the modern measurement technology, the information searching and transmission technology and the intelligent control technology, running-away control and circulation utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus runoff of the paddy field are achieved and objectives of reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus discharging, water body purification and resource recycling are achieved. The method is advantageous in that the self-cleaning function of the paddy field is developed; when the nitrogen and phosphorus concentration is higher than a threshold, outward discharging of the water on the field surface and in the pond is not performed or is reduced; stay time of the nitrogen and phosphorus in the paddy field is extended; and by use of initial rainfall runoff with the quite high contents of absorptive pollutants on the field face and in the pond, the runoff which is redundant later, cannot be absorptive and contains quite low pollutant contents is directly discharged through external discharging channels, so pollution to the surface water body by the rainfall runoff can be reduced to the greatest degree.

The invention discloses a manufacture process for an effervescence type coagulant used for handling scenic water pollution and relates to the technical field of environment protection and polluted water purification. The process is as follows; 5-30 percent of kaolin, 30-60 percent of zeolite and 10-65 percent of adjuvant are mixed, broken up and ground into powder; the powder is parched, mixed evenly and formed by pressing. The adjuvant consists of 5-10 percent of citric acid, 9-15 percent of NaHCO3, 3-5 percent of Na2CO3, 1-2 percent of PVP and 1-2 percent of CMS-Na, which are mixed evenly together. After the implementation of the invention, as the effervescence type coagulant is a platy preparation by uniformly mixing and pressing natural mineral materials(clay coagulant) with coagulation and auxiliaries (distingrants), the coagulant can automatically distingrate when being directly scattered in water and release the clay coagulant to achieve the coagulation purpose. When the coagulant is fed, no mechanical equipment needs for stirring, and no feeding equipment is required. The coagulant is suitable for various surface water bodies, generates no secondary pollution, and has good environment safety, simple manufacture, low cost, convenient use and good effect.

The invention relates to a road pavement runoff sewage intercepting wetland zone and a construction method thereof. An emergent aquatic plant pond, a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland, a submerged plant pond and other constructed road pavement source pollution control wetland zones are sequentially arranged nearby a road surface runoff catchment area, surface runoff pollutions are effectively controlled and then discharged into water bodies of rivers and lakes through effects of regulation and storage as well as sedimentation, purification and biodegradation, and pollution load entering the surface water body such as rivers and lakes is reduced. Compared with the prior art, the wetland zone and the construction method have the advantages that more than 30% of the surface runoff pollutions can be removed, so that a guarantee is provided for the water qualities of the water bodies of rivers and lakes and the integrity of ecological systems for the water bodies of rivers and lakes.

The invention relates to a method for depriving nitrogen nutritive salt in surface water. In a biofilter, natural zeolite is taken as filter medium for apposition growth of denitrifying microorganism. Commercial ethanol solution is thrown in influent water of the biofilter to supplement carbon source needed by denitrification, at the same time when the denitrification reaction is ended, the small amount of ammonia nitrogen contained in the influent water is absorbed by the physical absorption action of the natural zeolite filter medium and the purified water flows into surface water bodies such as lakes. In the invention, nitrate denitrification and ammonia nitrogen absorption are combined to fast and efficiently remove ammonia nitrogen and nitrate in surface water, improve the quality of treated water, and lower probability of occurrence of algal bloom in receptive lake water bodies.

The invention relates to a lakeside pollutant-interception greenbelt building method. The lakeside pollutant-interception greenbelt building method includes optimally optimizing four pollutant-interception units including a shallow gravel trench, a porous pavement, a low-elevation greenbelt and an emergent aquatic plant collocation area, wherein interception control of the shallow gravel trench for runoff pollutants, infiltration buffer of the porous pavement, storage and purification of the low-elevation greenbelt and landscape greening function of the aquatic plant collocation area are given into full play. Compared with the prior art, the lakeside pollutant-interception greenbelt building method realizes effective control on lake-entry runoff pollutants by the aid of filtering, sedimentation and biodegradation, runoff flood peak is reduced by more than 30%, pollutants are removed by more than 30%, pollution load of surface water body such as lakes is reduced, and integrity of water quality and ecological system of lakes is effectively protected.

The invention relates to a co-detecting method for environmental estrogens in a surface water body, and aims at solving the problems that the treatment process time is long, a large quantity of samples and reagents are consumed in an off-line solid phase extraction method, the process is complicated, the interference factors are more, and loss is large. The co-detecting method is implemented through the following steps that 1, sample collecting and pretreating are performed; 2, filtering and enriching are performed, wherein a to-be-detected surface water body sample which is preserved after being pretreated are enriched and purified through an on-line solid phase extraction device column; 3, detecting and analyzing are performed, wherein a result obtained in the step 2 is detected by adopting an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometer to obtain the detection limit and a quantitative and qualitative result of the seven environmental estrogens in the to-be-detected surface water body sample; 4, a standard curve is obtained; 5, the result obtained in the step 3 is compared with the standard curve to obtain the content and recovery rate of the environmental estrogens. The co-detecting method is applied to the field of surface water detection.

The invention discloses a forest interannual phenology monitoring method based on multi-source remote sensing, which comprises the following steps: firstly, collecting all available satellite remote sensing images of which the cloud cover is less than 80%, and then correcting an integration method of different satellite remote sensing images to improve the space and spectrum matching degree of different sensors; then generating a daily vegetation index curve by using an improved continuous change detection and classification model; and finally, based on the daily synthetic image, using a logistic regression model to test the enhanced vegetation index, the normalized vegetation index and the surface water body index to extract the optimal forest interannual SOS. According to the invention, the integration method of different satellite data is improved, and the observation frequency is increased; an MCCDC model is proposed, radiation differences are taken into consideration, a model algorithm is optimized, the calculation time is shortened while the precision is ensured, and finally a daily clear cloudless remote sensing image is generated; 3 vegetation indexes are introduced to estimate forest interannual SOS, and the difference of different indexes in evaluating forest SOS is evaluated.

The invention discloses an in-situ repair method for polluted sediment nitrogen nutritive salt and an in-situ repairing pile applied to the in-situ repair method, and belongs to the field of sediment in-situ repair. The in-situ repair method comprises the following steps of (1) mixing a nitrogen immobilization material and a slow-release oxygen material according to a mass ratio of (5-15):1; (2) putting the mixed material into in-situ repairing piles; (3) vertically inserting the in-situ repairing piles into sediment so that the in-situ repairing piles are uniformly distributed on a plane of an area to be repaired; and (4) covering the mixed material in the step (1) on the surface of the sediment with the inserted in-situ repairing piles to obtain a sediment in-situ covering layer with the thickness of 20-30 cm. According to the in-situ repair method disclosed by the invention, ammonia nitrogen in the sediment can be adsorbed, the diffusion of polluted substances to upper covering water can be reduced, dissolved oxygen in the sediment and a hydrospheric surface is improved, the growth of aboriginal denitrified bacteria is facilitated, and nitrogen in the sediment is facilitated to be metabolized out of a system so that the purpose of in-situ repair of surface water sediment is realized.

The invention discloses a method and a device for extracting land surface water body based on remote sensing images. The method comprises the following steps: according to the acquired multi-spectralremote sensing image data, determining the water body index set of the multi-spectral section; The multi-spectral remote sensing image data comprises a land surface water body; Determining an initialsegmentation threshold set according to the water body index set, and adjusting the initial segmentation threshold set to obtain an optimal segmentation threshold set; The multispectral remote sensingimage data are threshold segmented by the optimal threshold set to obtain a land surface water extraction result set, and the optimal land surface water extraction result set is determined from the land surface water extraction result set. It can effectively avoid the problem of large recognition error when the remote sensing image data is not good, and improve the accuracy of land surface waterextraction in remote sensing images.

A floatable, portable and readily deployable apparatus used in a surface water body for the collection, mixing, separation, containment and removal of total solids from fluid in surface water by settling, sorption, floatation or filtration of total solids from fluid entering or induced to flow into the apparatus. Separation of total solids from fluid can include the use and recycling of commercially available or proprietary biologic, chemical and/or physical substances and processes to increase the rate and percentage of total solids removed from fluid in the apparatus.

The embodiment of the invention provides a complex underlying surface water body identification method and a complex underlying surface black and odorous water body prediction method. Spectral difference and temperature difference of water and background information in the target area are fully considered; combining the road information map, the land utilization information map, the multispectralremote sensing image and the thermal infrared remote sensing image of the target area, the water body distribution information in the target area is identified, and information such as asphalt roads,black roofs and combustion traces is excluded from the obtained water body distribution information, so that the identification result is more accurate, and the black and odorous water body is accurately predicted on the basis.

The invention discloses a method or treating surface water body with arsenic pollution, which is characterized in that soil is taken as an arsenic-fixing agent which is evenly sprayed on water surface according to the dosage of 200-1000g/m; wherein the nature of the soil is as follows: iron content is greater than or equal to 8%, pH value is 4.5-6.5 and clay content is greater than 40%. The method of the invention is simple and convenient, the soil is accessible, the cost is lower, and the effect of arsenic removal is obvious; the concentration of arsenic in water body accords with surface water environmental quality standard (GB3838-2002) III-grade standard (the concentration of arsenic is less than or equal to 0.05mg/L) after dosing soil two days.

The invention discloses a detection method for various kinds of trace glucocorticoid and a derivate thereof in a surface water body. The detection method comprises the steps that 1, a water body sample is preprocessed, wherein solid phase extraction is carried out on the water body sample after the water body sample is filtered; 2, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry series method is adopted for analyzing the content of trace glucocorticoid and the derivate thereof in the water body sample; 3, a standard curve is drawn, an external standard method is used for quantitative determination, and the concentration of the trace glucocorticoid and the derivate thereof in the water body sample through conversion. The detection method has the advantages of being easy and convenient to operate, environmentally friendly and low in detection limit.

The invention provides a method for testing microcystin (MC) toxin in an M1rA gene cDNA sequence, a deduced amino acid and a water body. In the M1rA gene cDNA sequence, the nucleotide sequence is as shown in SEQ ID No: 1, and the deduced amino acid sequence is as shown in SEQ ID NO: 3. By the research of water environment samples in different seasons under different environments, the invention finds that the existence of the M1rA gene cDNA sequences in the surface water body microorganism and the fish intestinal canal has the certain relationship with the content of the MC toxin in the water body, thus a segment of new M1rA gene cDNA sequence and the deduced amino acid sequence thereof are finally obtained by selecting and searching primer designs, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification reaction conditions and reaction systems, and the MC toxin in the water body is tested by combining the characteristics of uniqueness and specificity of the M1rA gene cDNA sequence on the MC toxin and utilizing the simple PCR amplification technology.