The invention relates to medical fertilizer. The medical fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10 to 78 parts of rice vinegar, 0 to 6 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0 to 9 parts of monobasic potassium phosphate, 0 to 8 parts of ferric sulfate, 0 to 39 parts of rice wine and 20 to 77 parts of compound bacteria, wherein the compound bacteria are prepared from the following components: 8 percent to 12 percent of bacillus subtilis, 10 percent to 20 percent of pediococcus pentosaceus, 8 percent to 12 percent of aspergillus niger, 3 percent to 8 percent of bacillus mucilaginosus, 3 percent to 8 percent of rhizopus oryzae, 1 percent to 5 percent of pichia farinose, 1 percent to 5 percent of sphingobacterium multivorum and 40 percent to 60 percent of ferment bacterium expanded liquid. According to the medical fertilizer, a living space of pathogenic bacteria is inhibited through utilizing microbial bacteria and various substances capable of inhibiting the pathogenic bacteria are secreted, and the effect of preventing and controlling diseases is realized; the compound bacteria have very good compatibility with the rice vinegar and other components, so that the disease prevention and control effects of the medical fertilizer can be improved. The medical fertilizer provided by the invention has better effects on prevention and control of the diseases including grey mold, white blight, soft rot, powdery mildew, bacterial spot, canker, venturia inaequalis, brown rot, scab and the like of crops.