The utility model belongs to shaft hole detection technical field relates to a kind of shaft hole smoothness detection device, including casing, shaft, upper end cover, lower end cover, shaft plug cover, compensating
piston, scale bar and tracheal joint and other components;Casing both ends are provided with end cap, center passes through the shaft to be measured, the one end of shaft passes out end cap and is provided shaft plug cover, and tracheal joint is communicated to the shaft hole on the shaft plug cover;Compensating
piston is slidably arranged in the shaft hole, one end of compensating
piston is connected with scale bar, and scale bar passes out shaft and is slidably arranged in shaft plug cover;Casing outer wall is provided with tracheal quick plug, and tracheal quick plug is communicated to casing inner cavity.The utility model realizes the quick, accurate evaluation to the surface quality of shaft hole by using non-contact pneumatic detection principle.