71results about How to "Excessive discharge" patented technology

A hybrid construction machine according to the present invention is constructed to drive electric motors (6, 7, 13, 15, 23, 25) by means of power of a power generator (11) to be driven by an engine (10), power of an auxiliary battery (42) and power of a main battery (12) charged with power of the power generator (11). The hybrid construction machine has a switch (43) for switching to drive the electric motors (6, 7, 13, 15, 23, 25) by means of power of at least one of the power generator (11) and the main battery (12) when operating normally and to drive the electric motors (6, 7, 13, 15, 23, 25) by means of power of the auxiliary battery (42) when operating emergency such that the electric motors (6, 7, 13, 15, 23, 25) can not be driven by means of the normal power.

A half-open position holding apparatus for a vehicle opening and closing member includes an opening and closing member supported in a vehicle body to be openable and closable and has an opening and closing member driving unit that has a motor and a electromagnetic clutch that can put a power transmission path connecting the motor and the opening and closing member in a connected state and in a disconnected state, for driving the opening and closing member in opening and closing directions thereof, and an in-vehicle battery serving as a power source for the electromagnetic clutch. The apparatus includes a controller for controlling the opening and closing member driving unit, that, when the opening and closing member is held at a half-open position between a fully-closed position and a fully-opened position, holds the opening and closing member at the half-open position by stopping the motor, putting the electromagnetic clutch in a connected state, and controlling the electromagnetic clutch to a half-open position holding connection state such that a voltage applied to the electromagnetic clutch becomes a predetermined voltage lower than an output voltage of the in-vehicle battery.

A developing method using a developing device including at least: a first developer bearing member arranged to be opposed to an image bearing member; and a second developer bearing member arranged on a downstream side of a rotation direction of the image bearing member with respect to the first developer bearing member, the developing method including developing a latent image formed on the image bearing member with a developer, in which: the developer is a two-component developer having toner and a magnetic carrier; and the developer has a degree of compression C in the range of 20 to 32% and a shearing stress obtained by shearing stress measurement under a consolidation load of 4.0×10−4 N / mm2 in the range of 0.5×10−4 to 2.5×10−4 N / mm2.

In an automotive vehicle having a heater for a heating operation for a passenger room of the vehicle with use of waste heat of an engine, a vapor compression refrigerating device comprises a refrigerating cycle for a cooling operation for the passenger room. The vapor compression refrigerating device further comprises a heating cycle (a heat pump cycle, or a hot gas cycle) for performing a heating operation to engine cooling water by using the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant from a compressor device, wherein a control means activates the heating cycle at a predetermined time before starting an engine when an outside air temperature is lower than a predetermined value. Accordingly, the engine has been already warmed up before a driver gets into the vehicle.

A load on a vehicle is connected to first and second neutral points in first and second motor generators through a relay circuit and power output lines. A control device controls inverters depending on a requested voltage of the load on a vehicle such that a potential at the first neutral point becomes higher than a potential at the second neutral point by that requested voltage.

A disclosed image forming apparatus includes an image carrier; a developing device configured to form a toner image on the image carrier; a compressed air generating unit configured to generate compressed air; an air nozzle configured to eject the compressed air; a fixing device configured to fix the toner image on a sheet, the sheet being separated from the fixing device by the compressed air ejected from the air nozzle to the sheet; a pressure regulation unit provided between the compressed air generating unit and the air nozzle; and a guide path connected to the pressure regulation unit and configured to guide excess air generated by a pressure regulation of the pressure regulation unit to at least one part in the image forming apparatus.

Each time that starting of a vehicle engine is completed, a vehicle control system derives an estimated amount by which the charge in the vehicle battery is less than a predetermined upper limit value of stored charge, and subtracts the estimated amount from the difference between the upper limit value and a lower limit value of stored charge, to obtain an initial allowable discharge amount. An automatic engine stop / restart function is thereafter enabled or inhibited in accordance with whether a net amount of discharge from the battery, since completion of the preceding engine start, exceeds the initial allowable discharge amount.