The invention provides a gate passing system and method based on an identity card. The method includes the steps that firstly, whether a user name and a password which are input by a user are effective or not is verified, if yes, the second step is executed, and if not, the first step is repeated; secondly, a flight list is created; thirdly, whether the user selects a boarding flight in the flight list or not is judged; fourthly, the user passes a gate through the identity card; fifthly, gate passing ending operation is conducted; sixthly, the third step is conducted again and gate passing of a next flight is started. According to the gate passing system and method based on the identity card, the characteristics of electronization, anti-falsification, universality and the like of the Chinese resident 2nd-generation ID card and the special function that the Chinese resident 2nd-generation ID card becomes an essential certificate for civil aviation passenger travel are fully used, when a passenger passes the gate, the passenger can obtain a boarding number through the 2nd-generation ID card and pass a boarding gate, safety and convenience of aviation gate passing are improved, and operating cost of the airline business is reduced.