The invention relates to a network environmental monitoring system based on Arduino and raspberry Pi. The network environmental monitoring system comprises an environment data monitoring terminal, a transmission network, a database server and a Web server, the environment data monitoring terminal comprises an optical dust sensor, a humiture sensor, a digital buzzer, a LED lamp, a LCD display, an Arduino UNO plate and a raspberry Pi plate, the optical dust sensor, humiture sensor, the digital buzzer, the LED lamp, and the LCD display are connected with the Arduino UNO plate; dust particle quantity in air can be measured and calculated through the optical dust sensor by the Arduino UNO plate, and environment humiture data is obtained by reading a signal transmitted by the humiture sensor by the Arduino UNO plate. The network environmental monitoring system realizes the acquisition of temperature, humidity, and PM 2.5 environment data of network, on one hand, environment data can be displayed at a environment data monitoring terminal with real time, and local acousto-optic alarm information can be emitted according to the condition, on the other hand, the environment data is transmitted to a database server through network, and check and query can be carried out through a browser.