The invention provides a mobile remote electric power monitoring system based on a 4G network and a monitoring method, and relates to the field of electric power. The system comprises a monitoring terminal, a cloud terminal and a mobile terminal. The monitoring terminal comprises a power supply module, a sensor system, a data preprocessing device, a processor, an image collection device and a data transmission module. The cloud terminal comprises a cloud terminal data transmission module, a cloud terminal database and a cloud terminal data analyzing device. The mobile terminal comprises a mobile terminal data transmission module, a mobile terminal processor, a display device and a reminding device. According to the system and the method, an improvement scheme is provided specific to the defects that according to the existing electric power monitoring system and monitoring method, the monitoring is not in real time, the monitoring results are inaccurate and the network transmission is unreliable. The scheme has the advantages of accurate monitoring, real time monitoring, reliable transmission and complete information.