The invention discloses an atmosphere-controlling freshness retaining control device and technology for retaining the freshness of fruits and vegetables in a storage bag. The device comprises the storage bag, a gas mixer, a gas detection device and a circuit control device with a touch screen, wherein an air inlet / outlet of the storage bag is connected with the gas mixer, a vacuum pump and the gas detection device, a nitrogen inlet of the gas mixer is connected with a nitrogen source, an air inlet of the gas mixer is connected with a gas storage tank and an air compressor in series, a gas mixture detection port is connected with the gas detection device, and the signal output end of the circuit control device with the touch screen is connected with the air compressor, the gas detection device, the vacuum pump and an electromagnetic valve. The technique comprises the steps that the nitrogen source is turned on, fruits and vegetables are placed in the storage bag, parameters are set, the storage bag is vacuumized, the storage bag is filled with a gas mixture and detection is conducted. The atmosphere-controlling freshness retaining control device and technology for retaining the freshness of fruits and vegetables in the storage bag have the advantages that atmosphere-controlling parameters of the interior of the storage bag reach the fruit and vegetable freshness-retaining range rapidly, and the freshness of fruits and vegetables can be retained for a long time; equipment is simple, operation is easy and convenient, the occupied space is small, power consumption is low, and the device and technique are particularly suitable for ships on which refrigeration chambers are established.