The invention discloses a flame-retardant lightning protection distribution box, comprising a box body, an insulating plate, a dust collecting box, a vacuum pump, a first connecting pipe, a filter element, a second connecting pipe, a hinge, a box door, a fixing block, a flashing Connector, lightning rod, metal ball, ground wire, hoop, heat shield, connection block, electric push rod, piston head, carbon dioxide cylinder, PLC controller, temperature sensor, suction pipe, connecting wire, one-way valve and gas pipe . The invention has reasonable structure and novel design. The lightning rod can effectively protect the box from lightning, so that the lightning can pass through the connecting wire, and then break down the air gap between the connecting wire and the grounding wire, so that the voltage drops and flows into the earth through the grounding wire. To the role of lightning protection, the heat insulation board can prevent the external heat from being transmitted to the inside of the box. When the temperature inside the box is too high, the carbon dioxide gas in the carbon dioxide cylinder can flow into the box through the gas pipe, and the box will be struck by lightning and ignite. Afterwards, it can extinguish fire inside the box.