The invention discloses a data anti-theft method in case of mobile phone loss. The method comprises the following processes: first, an instruction for deleting the data on appointed equipment is triggered; then, a system enters a process set, wherein the process set comprises three processes of: eliminating messages and contacts on an SIM card from the backstage, safely destroying the data on an external storage card from the backstage, and allowing the system to be recovered to the state as delivered and erasing the internal storage in the phone; finally, when the three processes of the process set are performed, if an instruction showing that a phone picker turns off the phone is received, interrupting and saving the current status are performed, an operation of performing false shutdown is performed, and then the three processes are continuously performed from the interrupting point. Due to the adoption of the method, when the picker turns off the phone, an illusion that the phone is already turned off is created, so as to gain more time to perform the processing processes against loss, and accordingly, the mobile data on the phone can be completely and quickly erased in case the phone is lost.