The invention belongs to the field of industrial process control, and particularly relates to a device and a method for automatic calibrating in a water treatment analog data collecting system, which solves the problems that the existing calibrating method for the water treatment analog data collecting system has big error, can't meet industrial standard, is complicated to operate, and is poorly universal. The automatic calibrating device includes a single chip control module, a DA conversion module, a VI transformation module, an LCD module, a keyboard input module and an analog input interface module. The calibrating method based on the device is that: the single chip control module controls the DA conversion module and the VI transformation module to form a standard current signal for the analog input interface module, the analog input interface module completes the communication between a to-be-calibrated analog input integrated circuit board and the single chip control module, soas to perform the data exchange between the analog input integrated circuit board and the single chip control module, the analog input integrated circuit board is calibrated under the control of the single chip control module as per the industrial standard current signal provided by the single chip control module, and the calibration error coefficient is stored.