A country town environment monitoring system based on topology network comprises an enterprise terminal, a data element inputting terminal, a sewage discharge monitoring device, a sewage data stream computing device, a reusing indicator rapid response device, a sewage constituent element simple comparison device, a sewage treating sonar device, a sonar data transmitting device, a recycled water flow comparison device, a recycled water flow element analyzing and detecting device, an enterprise feature equivalent data acquisition device, a sewage processor, a sensor, a sewage processor operating condition acquiring device, a sewage processor parameter recording device, a system bus, an environment detecting and processing device, an environment management and monitoring platform, a cloud database, a data storage alarming device and an enterprise alarm displaying device. The system has the advantages that real-time dynamic enterprise information input and storage can be realized better, future investigation and evidence collection can be prepared, functions that a relevant environment protecting and law-enforcing department can learn, determine and execute, and can learn emergencies occur in the future in real time are achieved, and administrative cost of environmental protection law enforcement is reduced.