127 results about "Cage device" patented technology

The utility model discloses a lifting net cage device which comprises a culture box body, the culture box body comprises a frame and a netting, a lifting control unit is installed at the position of an arc-shaped pipe body, the lifting control unit is provided with a vertical pipe communicated with the arc-shaped pipe body, the vertical pipe is communicated with a water sealing pipe, the water sealing pipe is provided with a communication channel and a vertical channel, and the communication channel is communicated with the vertical channel. One end of the communication channel is communicated with the vertical pipe, the other end of the communication channel is communicated with the vertical channel, a water seal structure is arranged in the communication channel, an upper exhaust port and a lower drainage port are formed in the vertical channel, a control switch is installed on the water seal pipe, and an air blocking piece is arranged in the water seal pipe and located between the control switch and the upper exhaust port. The part, communicated with the vertical channel, of the communicating channel is located between the air blocking piece and the upper exhaust port. Compared with the prior art, the frame of the structure can enable water inlet, water outlet, air inlet and air outlet to be sufficient when the breeding box body sinks and floats upwards, the phenomenon of free liquid level does not occur, and therefore it is guaranteed that the whole breeding box body sinks and floats stably, and operation is easy.

The invention discloses a net cage device for enhancement and releasing marine temporary rearing of Chinese prawns, the structure of the net cage device comprises a net cage, a dismounting plate, a rope and a floating ball, the dismounting plate is arranged at the left end of the net cage, the outer surface of the net cage is connected with one end of the rope, and the floating ball is fixed at the other end of the rope. Placing frames are installed on the two sides of the interior of a clamping frame in a sliding mode, then the clamping frame extends into the net cage through a dismounting and mounting plate, prawns are located in the net cage, flowing of water can be ensured through a breathable net and a filter screen plate, meanwhile, sundries are effectively blocked, and the prawns in the placing frames are prevented from being affected by the sundries; through cooperation of the water inlet and the slow flow pipe, seawater forms a slow flow state when flowing into the net cage from the outer side of the water inlet, normal flowing of the seawater in the net cage is ensured, and meanwhile the situation that prawns in the containing frame are injured or dead and flushed out due to impact of seawater with too large flow and too high flow speed is avoided.

The utility model discloses an automatic caging device for aquaculture, and belongs to the technical field of caging devices. A hopper is arranged at the top of the support, a plurality of discharging ports are formed in the bottom of the hopper, control valves are arranged at the discharging ports, a conveying belt is arranged below the discharging ports, a stock bin is arranged below the discharging end of the conveying belt, a discharging port is formed in the bottom of the stock bin, and a bottom plate controlled to be opened and closed through a control mechanism is arranged at the discharging port. The automatic cage filling device has the advantages that manual cage filling work is replaced, quantitative split charging of scallops in a breeding cage is achieved, work efficiency is improved, and labor cost and work intensity are reduced.

The utility model discloses an automatic system for aquaculture, and belongs to the technical field of automatic aquaculture. Comprising an automatic cleaning device used for cleaning a mesh cage, an automatic screening device used for screening aquatic products and an automatic caging device used after aquatic product screening, and a conveying device is arranged between the automatic screening device and the automatic caging device. The scallop screening and caging device has the advantages that manual screening and caging of scallops and cleaning of the net cage are replaced, working efficiency is improved, and labor cost and working intensity are reduced.

The invention discloses a cage device for polyculture of snails in a crab pond, which comprises a culture cage body, snail culture cylinders, foldable insertion pieces, insertion piece adjusters and an electric screening assembly, the culture cage body is put into the crab pond, and the snail culture cylinders are mounted in the culture cage body; the foldable inserting piece is arranged on the outer wall of the breeding cage body, the upper end of the foldable inserting piece is connected with the inserting piece adjuster, the inserting piece adjuster is installed at the top of the breeding cage body, the electric screening assembly is arranged at the top of the breeding cage body, and the breeding cage body comprises a cage body, a cage cover, a handle, a floating ball fixing ring and a fixing buckle. The cage body comprises an outer frame and a movable bottom net movably arranged at the bottom of the outer frame, the outer frame is of a square structure defined by a plurality of PVC pipes, and the cage cover is arranged on the top of the cage body. By means of the crab pond polyculture cage device, ecological polyculture of crabs and snails can be achieved, the culture benefits of farmers are greatly improved, and the input cost of feed is reduced.

The invention relates to a product cleaning method and system, a storage medium and a terminal, and relates to the technical field of product cleaning, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the specification of a to-be-cleaned product and the specification of a net cage for placing the product in a net cage device; determining contact areas corresponding to contact between different product shapes and the ground according to product specifications; selecting a product shape corresponding to the maximum contact area as a placement shape based on different contact areas; the maximum placing size is determined according to the product specification and the placing shape; determining placement volume and placement shape according to the specification of the net cage; calculating the quotient of the maximum placement volume and the placement volume and taking the quotient as the placement number; determining a clamping position and a placing position according to the placing shape and the placing shape; and the clamping positions, the placement number and the placement positions are combined to form clamping control information, and the clamping control information is output to a preset clamping device. The product cleaning device has the effect of improving the product cleaning efficiency.

The application relates to the technical field of IVC cage devices, in particular to an automatic lifting IVC cage placing rack, which comprises a bottom plate, a plurality of supporting rods are fixedly installed on the top surface of the bottom plate, a plurality of placing racks are fixedly installed on the supporting rods, a plurality of cage storage frames are fixedly installed on the top surfaces of the placing racks, when IVC cages need to be pushed out from the cage storage frames, a hydraulic cylinder is started, the hydraulic cylinder pushes a lifting plate to lift, when the lifting plate is lifted to the position of the IVC cage to be pushed out, a first electric push rod is started, the first electric push rod pushes the IVC cage into a cage storage groove through a push-out plate, due to the fact that the inner bottom surface of the cage storage groove is obliquely arranged, the IVC cage is automatically slid into the cage storage groove for storage under the action of gravity, when the lifting plate is lifted to the lowermost position, a motor can be started, the motor drives a placing plate to rotate, the cage storage groove for storing the IVC cage is rotated to the position close to the staff, and the staff can conveniently take the IVC cage.

This utility model discloses a three-dimensional cage device for raising and displaying squirrels and monkeys, including a feeding cage, a first resting platform, a second resting platform, a first passageway, a second passageway, a third passageway, and a feeding passageway. The feeding cage is the main habitat for the animals. The first, second, and third passageways are suspended, allowing the animals to move freely within them. Resting platforms are provided within the passageways for the animals to rest temporarily. The device also includes a feeding passageway for visitors to observe, raise, and feed the animals, thereby increasing interactivity. This design solves the problem of limited space in traditional single-cell cages; it not only increases the explorable three-dimensional space, allowing squirrels / monkeys to run, chase, and climb, satisfying their naturally high activity levels, but also avoids the limitations and monotony of traditional cage-based activity spaces. Furthermore, it addresses the key shortcomings of traditional display methods in terms of interactivity.

The present invention discloses a net cage device for aquaculture of sand snakeheads, comprising a net cage, a cone, a sinker, and a rope. The net cage is formed by sewing a bottom mesh sheet and a peripheral mesh sheet, the mesh sheet being provided with a plurality of circular holes, the edges of the circular holes being sewn to the fan-shaped mesh sheet to form an embedded cone with a closed top, the sinker being sewn to the periphery of the bottom of the net cage so that the net cage extends into the water body; the rope being passed through the periphery of the top of the net cage, and the tail of the rope being used to secure the net cage. The net cage device of the present invention has a strong and simple structure, a long service life, is suitable for a variety of specifications, has a wide range of uses, is convenient for daily management during aquaculture, is convenient for anytime and quantitative fishing, reduces fishing intensity and fish fishing stress, and improves fishing efficiency; at the same time, it meets the needs of sand snakehead juveniles and adult fish for a hidden habitat, reduces spatial competition of sand snakeheads, increases the level of sand snakeheads' feeding on bait organisms, reduces energy consumption, and promotes growth.

The invention discloses a total endoscopic fusion cage device for bone grafting. The total endoscopic fusion cage device comprises a pushing and injecting part, an injecting part and an injecting outer shell which are sequentially connected from inside to outside in a sleeving mode. The injection part and the injection outer shell are detachably connected through a connecting part; the injection device further comprises a retractable embedded bag body which is detachably connected with the injection outer shell body. The injection part comprises a first injection part and a second injection part which are sequentially matched with the injection outer shell for use, and an open hole matched with the filling opening of the embedded bag body is formed in the side face of the top of the first injection part; the top end of the second injection part is of an opening structure; the injection outer shell is provided with a side opening and a top opening which are matched with the first injection part and the second injection part respectively. According to the invention, the embedded capsule body structure can be unfolded through the implantation of pushing and injecting bone cement, and the bone cement is matched with the embedded capsule body to be implanted into each vertebral body gap, so that the accurate control on the implementation position and angle is realized, and the technical requirement of uniform distribution of bone grafting materials is met.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of photographic equipment, and provides a switching mechanism, an assembling mechanism and a rabbit cage device, the switching mechanism is suitable for being assembled with the assembling mechanism, and the switching mechanism comprises a body which is provided with a lens hole suitable for installing a filter; and the at least one disassembly and assembly structure is arranged on the body, the disassembly and assembly structure comprises a sliding part, and the sliding part is suitable for being detachably connected with the assembly mechanism in a sliding mode. The disassembly and assembly structure comprises a sliding part, and the sliding part is used for being detachably connected with the assembly mechanism in a sliding mode, so that the switching mechanism and the assembly mechanism can be assembled or disassembled in a sliding mode, the step that manual calibration is needed after rotation in a rotating mode is omitted, and the assembly accuracy and the assembly stability of the switching mechanism are improved.

Disclosed herein are various examples of a cage device or apparatus for protecting an extension tube of a tubular skylight in a ceiling of a building. In one example, the cage device may include a plurality of lateral members surrounding the extension tube, the lateral members having a perimeter larger than the perimeter of the extension tube, the lateral members spaced apart along the extension tube; a plurality of vertically oriented elongated side members positioned around the perimeter of the extension tube, each side member attached to a portion of one of said lateral members, each side member having a top end portion that includes a protrusion for secure attachment to the roof or to the ceiling or the building; and a plurality of bottom members connected horizontally across one of said lateral members. Other embodiments are also disclosed.

A floating-nut system for assembling a part and a part, the part including an opening having an axis of revolution, the floating-nut system including at least one elastomer cage device and a nut device, the cage device including a cylinder to be introduced into an opening made in the part and a collar around the cylinder. The nut device includes a cylinder having an axis of revolution and a washer to press the collar against the part when the screw is screwed into the cylinder. The cylinder is deformable as the screw is screwed in so that the axis of revolution and the axis of revolution become substantially coincident. The elastomer cage device makes it possible to reduce the mass of the floating-nut system.

The brooding cage device comprises a cage frame, a bottom frame plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the cage frame, a top plate is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the inner surface of the cage frame, and a leakage net is fixedly connected to the portion, located above the bottom frame plate, of the lower portion of the inner surface of the cage frame. A feeding conversion assembly is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the bottom frame plate, and an environment simulation assembly is arranged on the inner surface of the bottom frame plate and the inner surface of the cage frame. According to the brooding cage device for laying hen breeding, the conversion feeding assembly is arranged, and the feeding mode that the positions of left and right feed and water sources are alternately changed is adopted, so that chicks need to run left and right in the cage frame to obtain food and water during feeding every time, movement of the chicks is promoted, the leg muscle strength and the cardiopulmonary function of the chicks are enhanced, and the chick breeding efficiency is improved. Frequent activities can stimulate metabolism of the chicks, promote healthy development of digestive systems of the chicks and improve the conversion rate and absorption efficiency of the feed.

The utility model discloses an open type convenient cage device which comprises two U-shaped frame pieces which are arranged in parallel and have upward openings, and two [-shaped pieces which are connected with the bottoms of the two U-shaped frame pieces, the in-frame horizontal rods are connected between the vertical parts of the U-shaped frame pieces, the in-frame vertical rods are vertically connected to the in-frame horizontal rods, the inter-frame horizontal rods are connected between the vertical parts of the adjacent U-shaped frame pieces, and the inter-frame vertical rods are vertically connected to the inter-frame horizontal rods. The frame top lifting lugs are connected to the top ends of the U-shaped frame pieces; and the bottom carrying rods are detachably connected to the upper portions of the bottoms of the U-shaped frame pieces at intervals. Due to the arrangement of the lower opening of the suspension cage, a whole disc or a pile of materials can enter the suspension cage from top to bottom, and the procedure of placing the materials into the suspension cage after disc disassembly or pile disassembly is omitted; the U-shaped frame pieces integrally form the main framework of the suspension cage, so that cracking caused by welding is avoided, and the overall strength is guaranteed; and through the arrangement of the bottom carrying rods, the bottom is closed after the coiled or piled materials are put into the bottom carrying rods, and the bottom carrying rods can be recycled.

The utility model relates to the technical field of oyster culture, in particular to a multilayer cage culture device for single oyster culture, which comprises a shell, an outer ring, an inner frame, a filter hopper, a first connecting frame and a second connecting frame, a first filter screen plate is mounted on the inner wall of the first connecting frame, and a second filter screen plate is mounted on the inner wall of the second connecting frame. According to the multi-layer cage culture device for single oyster culture, the outer ring is driven by the shell to rotate in the annular plate, the use face of the shell can be adjusted, the inner frame can be directly taken out conveniently to replace the filter hopper through the arranged limiting blocks and limiting grooves, and the device is convenient to use. And through cooperation of a first inserting groove, a second inserting groove, a first connecting frame, a second connecting frame, a first filter screen plate and a second filter screen plate, water liquid can be conveniently filtered, and therefore cleanliness of objects is kept.

The invention aims to overcome the defects of a traditional microbial fuel cell (MFC), and provides a built-in biological carrier cage tube type microbial fuel cell device, namely a novel microbial fuel cell device in which a tubular reactor is coupled with the MFC. The built-in mesh cage type device is filled with macroporous adsorption resin serving as a biological carrier, when wastewater passes through, a biological membrane is formed on the surface of the built-in mesh cage type device so as to degrade organic pollutants and generate electrons and protons, the electrons are collected by a current collector and then flow to a cathode to form current, and the protons are transmitted to the cathode to be subjected to reduction reaction. The device structure main body can be formed by connecting a plurality of single-tube type MFC reactor units in series or in parallel, the device structure main body can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual application scale, and the parallel combination adopts U-shaped joints for connection. A single MFC unit has a specific structure and has a unique design of separation of an anode, a cathode and a carrier cage, and a biological carrier, namely macroporous adsorption resin, is stored in the carrier cage. Flanges are mounted at the head and tail of the MFC, so that maintenance operation is facilitated. According to the design, a plug flow reactor model is adopted, high efficiency and accuracy are ensured, accurate control and optimization of the reaction process are realized, the sewage treatment efficiency and effect are improved, and more thorough purification treatment and energy recovery are realized.

The invention discloses a valve box device which comprises a valve block, a plurality of electromagnetic valves, a pressure sensor and a fixing plate, the valve block is provided with a cavity, the fixing plate is in close fit with the side wall portion of the cavity, the electromagnetic valves and the pressure sensor are limited in the cavity through the fixing plate, the cavity is filled with a sealing glue layer, and the sealing glue layer is arranged in the cavity. And the thickness of the sealing glue layer is smaller than the internal height of the cavity. The valve box device meets the strength and sealing requirements, the using amount of the sealant is relatively small, and the weight of the valve box device is light.

The utility model provides a driving type hub bearing with a ball cage device, which comprises a bearing outer ring, a bearing inner ring, a steel ball, a magnetic pole encoder component and a flange plate, an outer sealing component is arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring, the flange plate is provided with an installation space for installing the inner ring, and the steel ball is arranged in the installation space. The flange plate comprises a large end used for installation and connection and a small end provided with a ball cage structure, the ball cage structure is composed of a plurality of grooves formed in the inner edge of the small end of the flange plate, the grooves are evenly distributed in the inner edge of the flange plate in the circumferential direction to form a matched ball cage, the middle process is omitted, splines are removed in the mode that the flange plate and the matched ball cage are integrated, and the machining efficiency is improved. According to the flange plate with the ball cage structure, the transmission efficiency of automobile power is improved, the integration is improved, the problems of starting abnormal sound and the like caused by poor spline machining consistency are solved, ball cage shafts are omitted, meanwhile, spline machining is reduced, the assembly weight and machining procedures are reduced, and cost is saved.

The utility model relates to the field of aquaculture devices, and discloses a mesh cage device for aquaculture, which comprises a first mesh cage, the outer wall of the first mesh cage is fixedly connected with a connecting frame, the interior of the connecting frame is fixedly connected with a base, the outer wall of the base is slidably connected with a sliding block, the outer wall of the sliding block is fixedly connected with a handle, and the handle is fixedly connected with the first mesh cage. And the outer wall of the handle is slidably connected to the interior of the connecting frame, the outer wall of the base is slidably connected with a first spring, the outer wall of the first spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of a sliding block, and the outer wall of the sliding block is rotatably connected with a connecting rod. According to the net cage assembly device, the handle is pulled to drive the sliding block to slide on the base, so that the first spring is extruded, then the sliding block drives the clamping rod to slide on the base through the connecting rod, the clamping rod can slide out of the first connecting block, the effect of quickly assembling the net cage is achieved, the installation time is shortened, and the labor cost is reduced; and meanwhile, transportation is facilitated.

The utility model provides an intelligent drying rotating cage which comprises a drying rotating cage bin and an automatic rotating cage device, the automatic rotating cage device is rotationally connected to the left side of the interior of the drying rotating cage bin, and an isolation circulation partition plate is transversely and vertically arranged in the center of the interior of the drying rotating cage bin. According to the intelligent drying rotating cage, the automatic rotating cage device is arranged so that capsules can be rapidly rotated, the drying efficiency can be improved, the heating device is arranged so that air can be heated, the drying efficiency can be improved during circulating flowing, and the power source connecting structure is arranged so that the drying efficiency can be improved. The device can control the air temperature and detect the influence of the temperature on medicine by arranging the temperature detection device, the device can monitor the temperature in real time by arranging the temperature detection device, the situation that the medicine effect is influenced by too high temperature is avoided, and by arranging the motor fan, air flowing is accelerated, and the drying efficiency is improved.

The invention aims to provide the barking behavior prevention dog breeding cage device and the breeding method aiming at the problems in the prior art. The dog cage comprises a dog cage body, opening and closing doors and a one-way door, the opening and closing doors and the one-way door are installed on the dog cage body, the dog cage body comprises an outer-layer solid partition plate, a sound insulation layer and an inner-layer solid partition plate, a channel is formed between the opening and closing doors, and the one-way door is installed in the channel and comprises a fixing shaft fixed to the upper portion of the channel; and the swing rod is limited through the upper baffle and the lower baffle, so that the swing rod only swings towards the inner direction of the dog cage body. A sound barrier is structurally formed, and noise decibel of barking of dogs in the dog cage is remarkably reduced; meanwhile, the sound insulation and locking functions of the dog cage device are utilized, and a set of behavior correction method is achieved, so that the dog is helped to overcome the excessive barking behavior more scientifically, more effectively and more humanly, and the situation that the dog barks and disturbs residents is effectively prevented.

A cage apparatus for a fluid valve is disclosed. A cage device includes a lip tapering toward a central axis of a cage, a mounting flange spaced from the lip, and a body between the lip and the mounting flange, the body including a plurality of first openings radially spaced about a circumference of the body.

The utility model discloses a net cage device with a jacking function. The net cage device comprises a bottom plate, a top plate and a net cage arranged at the top of the top plate. A transmission assembly is arranged between the bottom plate and the top plate. The transmission assembly comprises a transmission mechanism and an execution mechanism, the transmission mechanism is connected to the top of the bottom plate in a matched mode, and the execution mechanism is connected to the upper portion of the transmission mechanism in a matched mode. A plurality of guide columns are arranged between the bottom plate and the top plate; the upper parts of the guide columns penetrate through the top plate; by arranging the transmission mechanism and the executing mechanism which are of a triangular structure, thrust of horizontal movement of the transmission mechanism is converted into thrust of the executing mechanism in the vertical direction, and therefore the net cage is accurately controlled to be finely adjusted in the vertical direction, accurate lifting of the net cage is achieved, and the net cage adjusting precision is high.

The utility model relates to a protective retainer device for the embryo mouth of a large engineering tire and a giant tire, and belongs to the field of tire production equipment. The middle of a fixed outer sleeve is connected to a tire embryo storage turnover vehicle through a bottom plate, a lifting sleeve is arranged in the middle of the fixed outer sleeve, an asynchronous double-lead trapezoidal screw is installed in the lifting sleeve, and is connected to the fixed outer sleeve through an asynchronous double-lead trapezoidal screw positioning bearing, a swing connecting rod seat is freely placed above the lifting and moving driving ring and is connected to the swing connecting rod through a clearance fitting pin shaft, the other end of the swing connecting rod is connected to the support connecting rod through a clearance pin shaft, one end of the support connecting rod is connected to the support connecting rod seat through a clearance pin shaft, an input bevel gear is arranged at the lower end of the asynchronous double-lead trapezoidal screw, and both end surfaces of the asynchronous double-lead trapezoidal screw are provided with fixed baffles, which are meshed with the input bevel gear and provided with an output bevel gear, which is connected to the opening and closing lifting hand wheel through a connecting rod, and two groups of supporting bearing seats are arranged in the middle of the connecting rod to connect to the tire embryo storage turnover vehicle.

The utility model discloses an underwater operation ball cage device for collecting ocean elements of an offshore platform, which comprises a bottom plate, a through hole is formed in the bottom plate, a guide sleeve is fixedly sleeved in the through hole, an upper ball cage body is movably arranged on the inner side of the guide sleeve, a wireless charging assembly for charging is arranged between the bottom plate and the upper ball cage body, and a wireless charging module is arranged on the bottom plate. The bottom plate is further provided with a locking assembly for preventing the upper ball cage body from falling off. Various instruments for collecting data are installed on the inner side of the ball cage, the instruments for collecting data ascend and descend along with the ball cage through the dead weight of the ball cage, the situation that a traditional instrument for collecting data directly ascends and descends due to the too light dead weight and then violently shakes is avoided, the ascending and descending stability is guaranteed, and the instruments for collecting data are prevented from being damaged; in addition, a locking assembly and a wireless charging assembly which are matched with the ball cage for use are designed, so that the ball cage is automatically reset and locked after being lifted to prevent the ball cage from falling off, wireless charging can be directly carried out, and safety and convenience are achieved.

The utility model relates to a novel marine ranch net cage device which is used for being arranged in the ocean for cultivation and comprises a plurality of net cage units and anchoring mechanisms, each net cage unit comprises a steel main body frame, a floating body, a netting and a counter weight part, the steel main body frame is internally provided with a containing space, the floating body is filled in the containing space, and the anchoring mechanisms are arranged on the net cage units. The steel main body frame and the floating body float on the sea surface, the netting is hung on the steel main body frame, a culture area is formed in the middle of the netting, and the counterweight piece is connected to the lower side of the netting; the anchoring mechanism comprises an anchoring pile foundation and a hoop, the anchoring pile foundation is inserted into the seabed land, and the hoop is connected to the anchoring pile foundation in a sleeving mode through a connecting hole formed in the hoop and fixedly connected with the steel body frame of the steel net cage unit. The net cage unit is high in structural strength, the self-storage capacity of the culture equipment is improved, the effective water body area of the net cage unit under heavy storm waves is kept, and culture safety is guaranteed.

The application discloses sea cucumber breeding net cage equipment and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture equipment. The sea cucumber breeding net cage equipment comprises a box body and a containing mechanism. The box body is a hexagonal prism, and a through net hole is formed in the outer part. The containing mechanism comprises a connecting pipe, multiple groups of partition plates and a boosting assembly. The connecting pipe is vertically arranged. The multiple groups of partition plates are evenly distributed on the outer side of the connecting pipe along the vertical direction. The end of each group of partition plates close to each other is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the connecting pipe. The boosting assembly is arranged in the connecting pipe. The bottom end of the box body is fixedly provided with a stopper at six corners. Each group of partition plates has six partition plates. The six partition plates are hexagonally distributed, and the outer ring length is equal to the inner length of the box body. The top of the uppermost partition plate and the corner of the top end of the box body are provided with a first lock device matched with each other. The top of the connecting pipe is connected with a buoyancy mechanism. The top end of the connecting pipe is hingedly provided with a handle through two pin shafts. The application effectively solves the problem that the integrated net cage structure is inconvenient for the sea cucumber to be taken out for harvesting operation and post cleaning and maintenance operation.