347 results about "Gray color" patented technology

An improved electrochromic device, the device incorporating an electrochromic medium that comprises at least three electroactive materials having absorption spectra that add together such that the color of the electrochromic medium can be pre-selected by individually choosing the concentrations of the at least three electroactive materials. The electrochromic medium generally maintains the pre-selected perceived color throughout its normal range of voltages when used in an electrochromic device. The at least three electroactive materials include at least one electrochemically reducible material (cathodic material), at least one electrochemically oxidizable material (anodic material) and at least one additional electroactive material which may be either an anodic or cathodic material. Thus, there are always three electroactive materials present in the medium, with at least two either being anodic or cathodic materials. The pre-selected color may be chosen from a wide variety of colors and may be, for example, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple. For electrochromic mirrors for motor vehicles, a presently preferred color is gray.

An assortment of color elements is grouped within a plurality of color families which are organized in accordance with a circular color chart (FIG. 10-A) and a columnar chart (FIG. 11-A). Except for the neutral-gray color family, a pair of boundary-hues respectively defines the extent of acceptable hue variation within each group, resulting in an included range of hue within each color family, and an excluded range of hue in between neighboring color families. Variant-hue charts enhance color comparison and selection within each main color family by displaying contrasting variations of all three color attributes, that is, value, saturation, and hue, within a single chart. Variant-hue charts also consolidate color elements into a compact format, and provide a graphical user interface for computer color selection.

A barcode symbol having an encoded symbology is provided with color or shades of gray to add additional information at the time of printing. The color or shades of gray provides the current barcode symbology with a third dimension of information. The color or shades of gray can encode information over a specific one-dimensional or two-dimensional symbology. White spaces can be replaced with colors or shades of gray to add coded information to the standard one-dimensional and two-dimensional codes. The number of colors and how they are distributed or arranged can provide the basic backbone of information. A barcode reader that can detect the different color spectrums, can be employed to decode the information. Furthermore, color is not limited to white spaces, but can be implemented into black spaces. Additionally, colored background information can provide additional information to the current symbology.

Automatic white balance of captured images can be performed based on a gray world assumption. Initially, a flat field gray image is captured for one or more reference illuminations. The statistics of the captured gray image are determined and stored for each reference illumination during a calibration process. For each subsequent captured image, the image is filtered to determine a subset of gray pixels. The gray pixels are further divided into a one or more gray clusters. The average weight of the one or more gray clusters is determined and a distance from the average weights to the reference illuminants is determined. An estimate of the illuminant is determined depending on the distances. White balance gains are applied to the image based on the estimated illuminant.

A calibration apparatus and method for a color printer that allows a user to calibrate a printer without the use of expensive measuring instruments and prior user training is provided. The calibration process prints out two target layouts. On the first target the user selects the primary inks start and end points (highlights and shadows), and the black ink only input value that generates a 30% gray. The primary inks are the device-dependent colorants, cyan, magenta and yellow. The second target compares the 30% black ink with grays made of a combination of cyan, magenta and yellow inks. The user selects the best match in an iterative process. Using this data, calculations are made of the corrections to the original input signal values for the printer. A look up table is updated with corrected input values to compensate for the printer deviation from its standard behavior.

A method forms patterns on a substrate by exposing the substrate a first time and exposing the substrate a second time using a mask containing gray-tone features. The gray-tone features locally adjust an exposure dose in regions corresponding to features defined in the primary exposure. Moreover, the gray-tone features enable the forming of features having different critical dimensions on a substrate. The gray-tone features may be sub-resolution features and formed by pixellation. The trim mask containing gray-tone features may have regions with different transmissivities.

An assortment of color elements is grouped within a plurality of color families which are organized in accordance with a circular color chart (FIG. 10A) and a columnar chart (FIG. 11-A). Except for the neutral-gray color family, a pair of boundary-hues respectively defines the extent of acceptable hue variation within each group, resulting in an included range of hue within each color family, and an excluded range of hue in between neighboring color families. Variant-hue charts enhance color comparison and selection within each main color family by displaying contrasting variations of all three color attributes, that is, value, saturation, and hue, within a single chart. Variant-hue charts also consolidate color elements into a compact format, and provide a graphical user interface for computer color selection.

In an indexation method, an average color or a statistical distribution of colors in an image is determined by providing a set of coordinates in a multidimensional color space (80). The set of coordinates of each color is reduced to a level of Hue if the color verifies a first condition, i.e. the color is considered a true color (81), and to a level of Brightness if the color verifies a second condition, i.e. the color is considered a gray color (82). Indexation data for indexing the image includes the level of Hue or Brightness resulting from each color. The indexation method is used in a search method for searching a collection of graphic elements. An input specifies a desired color. A corresponding search query pertains to a level of Hue or a level of Brightness if the desired color includes a true color, or a gray color respectively.

An image sensing system includes an IR notch filter configured to block transmission of spectral energy having wavelengths in an interface region between the visible and the invisible spectra and enable transmission of spectral energy having wavelengths in at least the visible spectrum and the near-infrared (IR) spectrum, a digital image sensor including a two-dimensional array of pixel elements and configured to generate output signals at each pixel element as pixel data representing an image of a scene, and a color filter array including a two-dimensional array of selectively transmissive filters superimposed on and in registration with the two-dimensional array of pixel elements. The color filter array includes a first group of selectively transmissive filters disposed to transmit spectral energy in one or more colors of the visible spectrum and a second group of gray color filters disposed to transmit spectral energy in at least the near-infrared (IR) spectrum.

In order to implement color matching between different printers upon proofing or the like, color processing that absorbs not only a difference between gamuts but also differences among white, black, and a gray line is required. Two pieces of gamut information of an appearance color space of first and second image devices are acquired. The color signals on a gray line of each gamut information are converted into those on a lightness axis of the appearance color space. A gamut indicated by the gamut information of the first image device is mapped within a gamut indicated by the gamut information of the second image device. Color signals after mapping, which correspond to a gray line of the first image device, are converted into gray color signals according to white and black indicated by the gamut information of the second image device.

Systems and methods for producing multi-dimensional tissue characterization images are described. By combining colorized MRI images composited from multiple gray tone MRI images, riffle stacks can be formed and combined to render multidimensional reconstruction of anatomical, physiological and pathological features. Biophysical parameters are therefore automatically segmented, characterized, tagged, mapped and otherwise labeled. In another embodiment, gray tone images are collected by acquiring orthogonally opposed pulse sequences, the images of which are color masked and uniquely rendered in three dimensions to obtain voxels in which the color is determined by the summative color masks applied to original gray tone pixels. This method can be embodied as specific applications designed for the brain, abdomen, breast, pelvis, musculoskeletal and other organs and biophysical systems to facilitate diagnosis, surgical planning and virtual exploration.

The invention discloses a traffic intersection signal light state identification method based on video image processing. The method comprises the following steps of: acquiring a video image in real time via a video device, manually drawing the position of a signal light group on the video image, segmenting the region of the signal lights, and making the region into a mask; after acquiring each frame of image, smoothing the image in the mask region, removing noise influence, and analyzing the signal light image in the mask. A color transformation method is designed for graying color images, namely, three components in the color image are extracted, the min(r-g, r-b) operation is executed on a red or yellow signal light region, and for a green signal light region, the min(g-r, g-b) operation is used. The pixels of the traffic signal lights are separated from the image through a threshold method, the number of pixels separated from 25 frames of image in one second of three signal light regions is respectively accumulated, and the maximum one of the three accumulated values is taken as the basis for judging that the light is on.

A method forms patterns on a substrate by exposing the substrate a first time and exposing the substrate a second time using a mask containing gray-tone features. The gray-tone features locally adjust an exposure dose in regions corresponding to features defined in the primary exposure. Moreover, the gray-tone features enable the forming of features having different critical dimensions on a substrate. The gray-tone features may be implemented as sub-resolution features formed by pixellation. The gray-tone features may also be realized by the local size bias of trim features on the trim mask that have dimensions near the resolution limit of the exposure system. The trim mask containing gray-tone features may have regions with different transmissivities or generate varying illumination intensities.

The present invention is directed to a decorated edible product comprising: a confectionery center, a non-chocolate edible surface, an edible color enhancement coating that is substantially gray colored disposed on at least a portion of the non-chocolate edible surface, and an edible image formed on at least a portion of the color enhancement coating, wherein the color enhancement coating substantially promotes the true colors of the edible image.

A barcode symbol having an encoded symbology is provided with color or shades of gray to add additional information at the time of printing. The color or shades of gray provides the current barcode symbology with a third dimension of information. The color or shades of gray can encode information over a specific one-dimensional or two-dimensional symbology. White spaces can be replaced with colors or shades of gray to add coded information to the standard one-dimensional and two-dimensional codes. The number of colors and how they are distributed or arranged can provide the basic backbone of information. A barcode reader that can detect the different color spectrums, can be employed to decode the information. Furthermore, color is not limited to white spaces, but can be implemented into black spaces. Additionally, colored background information can provide additional information to the current symbology.

A method for identifying tools using the steps of providing a tool, wherein the tool is chosen from the group including a wrench, a socket, a nut, and a bolt; applying an indicator being a color-coded indicia onto the tool, wherein the indicia is visible to a user, wherein the indicia aids in identifying the tool, wherein the colors are chosen from the group including blue, red, orange, yellow, green, brown, violet and light gray; wherein the indicia is a band, the band being substantially flat, the band being raised an effective distance above the surface of the tool, wherein the band can be felt by a user, wherein the band aids in identifying the tool; and, wherein the band has a single portion, wherein the single portion can be felt by a user to identify English size tools. The method uses a band having two interconnected portions, wherein the two interconnected portions can be felt by a user to aid in identifying metric size tools. Also, the indicator may be a protrusion shaped like a tear-drop, an “X” or “O” shaped indicator, or an o-ring shaped indicator.

Calibration targets for use with digital cameras comprise black and white target areas to which digital cameras are exposed simultaneously to provide proper settings for highlight and shadow sensitivity prior to making a digital photograph. In addition a white or gray neutral target area, without color bias, is provided, to which the digital cameras are exposed to provide desired settings for color balance prior to making digital photographs. In one embodiment of the calibration target, the black and white target areas are on one side of a panel and the white or gray neutral target area is on the other side of the panel. In accordance with methods of calibrating digital cameras and to methods of photography, the image of the black and white target areas is adjusted by viewing a histogram display thereof and adjusting exposure settings until spikes in the histogram representing black and white detection are equally balanced between boundaries with no lateral offset.

A coding process applicable to an original infrared image, generated from any value matrix, to change the infrared image into negative or inverted black and white and grey with the addition of specific split colors, causing a substantial difference in the way the retina and the brain processes the resultant images. The result obtained is a much less exhaustive way to see, identify and interpret infrared images generated by any infrared camera that uses this conversion process.

An ultraviolet / infrared absorbent low transmittance glass is formed of a base glass and colorants. The base glass contains 65 to 80 wt. % SiO2; 0 to 5 wt. % Al2O3; 0 to 10 wt. % MgO; 5 to 15 wt. % CaO wherein a total amount of MgO and CaO is between 5 and 15 wt. %; 10 to 18 wt. % Na2O; 0 to 5 wt. % K2O wherein a total amount of Na2O and K2O is in a range of 10 and 20 wt. %; and 0 to 5 wt. % B2O3. The colorants contains more than 1.2 wt. % and not more than 1.5 wt. % total iron oxide (T-Fe2O3) expressed as Fe2O3; equal to or more than 0.003 wt. % and less than 0.015 wt. % CoO; 0.0009 to 0.005 wt. % Se; 0.0005 to 0.05 wt. % NiO; and 0 to 0.2 wt. % of TiO2, wherein FeO expressed as Fe2O3 is between 15 and 50 wt. % of T-Fe2O3. The ultraviolet / infrared absorbent low transmittance glass has a bronze or gray color shade, low visible light transmittance, low solar energy transmittance and low ultraviolet transmittance, so that it is useful for a privacy protecting glass in a rear window of a vehicle.

What is disclosed is a system and method for dynamically reducing the number of choices by reordering the selectable menu options in each menu of a color adjustment tool based on image content, selections in other menus, and usage history. Color names and color modifiers are reduced and / or reordered through image analysis, with most frequently occurring colors being placed at the top of the menu and excluding less frequently used or unused colors from the menu. Adjustment adjectives are reduced by eliminating nonsensical or rare color adjustment combinations (e.g. make the grays much more colorful, make the blues yellower), and / or reordered based on usage history, either by the individual user or by aggregating over many users.

The invention discloses a water phase preparation method for chain platinum nanosphere by taking octreotide acetate as a template. The method mainly comprises the following steps: regulating octreotide acetate into acid solution with a pH of 2 to 3 using hydrochloric acid or alkaline solution with a pH of 8 to 10 using sodium hydroxide; adding platinum tetrachloride solution into the obtained solution at a mole ratio of 1:8-12, placing the mixed solution into a water-bathing constant temperature vibrator, and incubating the mixed solution for 20-26 h at the temperature of 13-25 DEG C at a speed of 10-200 rpm; and dropwise adding reducing agent dimethylborane into the incubated solution to turn the light yellow color of the incubated solution into black gray color, that is, obtaining an octreotide acetate-chain platinum nanosphere, wherein the mole ratio of dimethylborane to octreotide acetate is 1:45-55. The water phase preparation method has the advantages of simple process, low cost, availability, easiness in reaction control, high yield and the like.

A method and user interface for direct setting of black and white points. Black point is set using a slider and matching of gray shades. White point setting is performed by having a setting object move within a defined region, such as a square or circle, with the area where the setting object moves being adjusted dynamically based on the location of the setting object with respect to the defined region. When the area is the desired white, the setting is complete. Preferably the defined region has a varying color border to allow a reference for the user in moving the setting object. A more detailed setting of gray levels can be accomplished by providing a gray scale with reference points. Each reference point has an associated white point setting area, so that settings are developed for each reference point. Settings at other locations are determined by interpolation or extrapolation.

An assortment of color elements is grouped within a plurality of color families which are organized in accordance with a bi-radial circular color chart (FIG. 10-A) and a columnar chart (FIG. 11-A). Except for the neutral-gray color family, a pair of boundary-hues respectively defines the extent of acceptable hue variation within each group, resulting in an included range of hue within each color family, and an excluded range of hue in between neighboring color families. A color map (FIG. 17-A) serves as an index for matching system color elements to various color media and mixing formulas. Variant-hue charts enhance color comparison and selection within each main color family by displaying variations of all three color attributes, that is, value, saturation, and hue, within a single chart. Variant-hue charts also consolidate color elements into a compact format, and provide a graphical user interface for computer color selection.

A method for computing a high resolution gray-tone image from a sequence of low-resolution images uses an L1 norm minimization. In a preferred embodiment, the technique also uses a robust regularization based on a bilateral prior to deal with different data and noise models. This robust super-resolution technique uses the L1 norm both for the regularization and the data fusion terms. Whereas the former is responsible for edge preservation, the latter seeks robustness with respect to motion error, blur, outliers, and other kinds of errors not explicitly modeled in the fused images. This computationally inexpensive method is resilient against errors in motion and blur estimation, resulting in images with sharp edges. The method also reduces the effects of aliasing, noise and compression artifacts. The method's performance is superior to other super-resolution methods and has fast convergence.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a functional gradient multi-layer nano coating on the surface of a steel workpiece and a product comprising the functional gradient multi-layer nano coating, particularly discloses a method for depositing the functional gradient multi-layer nano coating on the surface of the steel workpiece and the functional gradient multi-layer nano coating deposited on the surface of the steel workpiece and further relates to the product. The product comprises the steel workpiece and the functional gradient multi-layer nano coating which is deposited on the surface of the steel workpiece and covers at least part of the surface of the steel workpiece. The functional gradient multi-layer nano coating comprises a Cr base layer deposited on the surface of the steel workpiece, a CrN transition layer deposited on the Cr base layer, a (Cr and Si)N gradient layer deposited on the CrN transition layer, and a (Cr, Al and Si)N surface layer deposited on the (Cr and Si)N gradient layer. The functional gradient multi-layer nano coating is mainly in a silver gray color and an imitating stainless steel color, the overall thickness of the functional gradient multi-layer nano coating is 3-5 micrometers, and the surface hardness value of the functional gradient multi-layer nano coating reaches 2000-3000 HV. The functional gradient multi-layer nano coating is high in glossiness, bonding strength and surface hardness and excellent in abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance.

A method for color correction is provided. In this method, a plurality of groups of gray levels and luminance of light source of display device are respectively selected by color measurement system. The selected data of each color light are respectively calculated to obtain fitting functions which can fit the gray level data of each interval. The fitting luminance of the gray levels in interval is obtained by the fitting function and formed into a lookup table. Then in order to correspond a gamma curve of normalized gray data of image to a predetermined target curve, the two gamma curves are first taken to logarithmic calculation and the modified gray signals are obtained from the lookup table, then the modified gray signals are transmitted out for providing the display device to express the gray distribution state. The method for color correction is applicable to various display devices, especially liquid crystal display device.

An improved ten-layer performance polarized lens for sunglasses. The lens design maximizes the benefit to watermen, giving them a combination of outer hydrophobic overcoat to protect the lens from seawater and smudging, multi-layer dielectric mirror which further reduces glare and overall light transmission, two layers of high-contrast blue-blocking amber or color-discriminating grey ophthalmic CR-39™ plastic or polycarbonate, sandwiching a polarizing layer. The foregoing layers are arranged to provide a balanced light transmission profile optimum for use on the water in which 100% of UV-A & B light is absorbed to at least 400 nm. An alternative embodiment is described in which a Rugate filter is incorporated in place of or in addition to the multi-layer dielectric mirror. The resulting watermens' dielectric-mirrored sunglass lens reduces both overall light transmission and ocular photochemical damage, and is available in either high-contrast blue-light blocking amber or grey coloration.