The invention relates to an urban rail vehicle auxiliary power supply system, an air conditioning unit and an urban rail vehicle. The auxiliary power supply box comprises: an auxiliary high-voltage box; an auxiliary power supply box, wherein a DC600V power supply device is arranged in the auxiliary power supply box, and comprises a boost circuit of which the input end is connected with the outputend of the auxiliary high-voltage box, and two groups of phase-shift full-bridge circuits of which the input ends are connected with the output end of the boost circuit, the input sides are connectedin series and the output sides are connected in parallel; an auxiliary inversion unit, wherein the input end of the auxiliary inversion unit is connected with the output ends of the phase-shift full-bridge circuits; and a charger unit, wherein the input end of the charger unit is connected with the output ends of the phase-shift full-bridge circuits. A DC600V output voltage system is added, powersupplies with output of DC600V, AC380V and DC110V can be provided for a train, and the air conditioning unit adopts direct input of DC600V, so an intermediate rectification link is omitted, meanwhile,a nonlinear load-air conditioning load is omitted for AC380V power supply of the train, the working efficiency is improved, the weight is light, and energy is saved.