The invention discloses a chest radiography anti-radiation X-ray camera system suitable for the indoor radiology department. The chest radiography anti-radiation X-ray camera system comprises a machine room, wherein a front isolation board and a rear isolation board are arranged in the machine room side by side, a front window is formed in the front isolation board, a rear window is formed in the rear isolation board, an emission area is formed in rear of the rear window, a physical examination area is formed between the front isolation board and the rear isolation board, an anti-radiation door of the physical examination area is arranged in the physical examination area, a DR flat-panel box is arranged in the physical examination area, a lifting box is arranged on the bottom of the DR flat-panel box, an X-ray area with the trapezoidal section is formed between the front isolation board and the top wall of the machine room, an X-ray bulb tube is arranged in the X-ray area, the X-ray bulb tube fixed to the rear wall of the machine room through a cushion plate, a light beam limiter is arranged at the emission end of the X-ray bulb tube, and the cross central lines of the light beam limiter, the front window, the DR flat-panel box and the rear window are overlapped. For the system provided by the invention, X-ray shooting is carried out on the position of an examined area by lifting an examined person, and the trapezoid-type lead plate protection of the X-ray area can effectively limit the emission direction of complement lines on the periphery of a main shooting beam of the X-rays; the X-rays penetrating through the rear window emit towards the tail and the bottom of the compartment after entering the emission area, and thus the integral protection quality is promoted.