The invention discloses a digital imaging system of X rays acquired from fluorescent screen images, which is characterized in that the system consists of an X ray generator, a fluorescent screen, a lens, an imager, an image acquisition card and a computer, wherein the X ray generator presents body images projected by high-voltage X rays on a medical fluorescent screen, the lens, the imager and the image acquisition card acquire the images on the fluorescent screen to achieve the conversion between the X rays and visible light, then the acquired images are transmitted to the computer or an LCD display by a data wire or a Bluetooth wirelessly, and the computer of the LCD display restores or reinforces the images acquired by low dosage of the X rays for auxiliary diagnosis by a doctor. Compared with the prior art, the digital imaging system has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, high image definition and low production cost, is convenient for data management and network transmission of image case histories, creates a condition for remote diagnosis, and is particularly suitable to be popularized and applied in community and rural medical institutions.