The application discloses a viscoacoustic medium characteristic wave and primary wave combined least square
reverse time migration method and belongs to the technical field of oil geophysical exploration. The method constructs a new combined Q least square
reverse time migration target function, introduces a viscoacoustic
differential equation and an accompanied pseudo-
differential equation, describes forward and reverse propagation wave fields of the combined Q least square
reverse time migration, deduces Q compensation
wave field propagation, Q compensation accompanied operators and Q attenuation migration operators of primary
waves, multiple
waves, diffracted
waves and
prism waves, constructs a new gradient formula, and realizes Q least square reverse time migration of combined multiple waves, diffracted waves,
prism waves and primary waves in a viscoacoustic medium. The method can accurately image structures under salt, steeply inclined flanks, small faults and rock caves, obtain clearer complex structure information, obtain high-resolution and high-quality imaging diagrams, and solves the problem of unclear imaging of current special complex high-steep structures.