The invention discloses an automatic control system and method of an eight-roller type crusher. The automatic control system comprises a roller tooth detection module, a first input module, a second input module, a third input module, a roller adjustment module, a valve adjustment module, a main controller, a hole diameter adjustment module and an alarming module, wherein the roller tooth detection module is used for detecting whether roller teeth are flat or not; the first input module, the second input module and the third input module are used for inputting relevant data; the main controller receives relevant data and transmits execution signals to the alarming module, the roller adjustment module, the valve adjustment module and the hole diameter adjustment module after calculation and analysis; the alarming module, the roller adjustment module, the valve adjustment module and the hole diameter adjustment module receives the execution signals and then execute relevant instructions. The interval between a first roller and a second roller or the interval between a third roller and a fourth roller can be adjusted automatically according to an input interval value, whether the rollers deform or not can be detected, and the size of a discharging outlet and a sieve can be adjusted according to the input value.