The invention discloses an on-line operation sealing device with a double-layer sealing function for an air duct, the on-line operation sealing device is used for connecting an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, the on-line operation sealing device comprises a shell, an adjusting device and a flow guiding device, two ends of the shell are respectively communicated with the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe, the shell is connected with the adjusting device, the flow guiding device is movably connected with the shell, and the shell is connected with the adjusting device. The shell comprises a fixed seat and a mounting seat, a mounting groove is formed in the fixed seat, one end of the mounting seat is inserted into the mounting groove, a clamping groove is formed in the fixed seat, one end of the air inlet pipe is inserted into the clamping groove, one side of the mounting seat is fixedly connected with the air outlet pipe, one end of the fixed seat is inserted into an outlet of the air inlet pipe, and a negative pressure flow channel is formed in the fixed seat; the negative pressure flow channel is communicated with the sealing cavity, the flow guiding device comprises a sealing ring, the sealing ring is arranged in the sealing cavity, the sealing cavity is arranged in a quincunx shape and is sealed through the sealing ring, the sealing cavity is designed in the quincunx shape, sealing wedge faces are added, and the air-tight sealing performance is improved.