The invention discloses a calculation and influence evaluation method of a
geometric error contribution value of a motion axis of a five-axis
machine tool. The method comprises steps of S1, setting astructural parameter q of each motion axis according to a five-axis
machine tool structure; S2, acquiring
geometric error spins of three translation axes and three rotary axes; S3, calculating and obtaining a
geometric error component of each motion axis in a cutter coordinate
system; S4, building a motion axis error matrix in a cutter coordinate
system, and obtaining a geometric error contribution value of each motion axis; S5, adding geometric error contribution values of all motion axes of the five-axis
machine tool so as to obtain a comprehensive cutter
position error and a
cuter gesture error of the five-axis
machine tool; S6, evaluating influence of errors of the motion axes on the five-axis
machine tool in all directions, and selecting a motion axis with high influence in each direction of the five-axis
machine tool; and S7, calculating a
position error influence coefficient and a gesture error
influence coefficient of the motion axis, evaluating influence of the motion axes onprocessing accuracy of the five-axis machine tool, and selecting a key motion axis of the five-axis machine tool.