The invention discloses an experimental device for measuring pipe wall stress and frictional resistance coefficients. The experimental device comprises an air compressor, a first air bottle, a pressurizing pump, a plurality of pressure transmitters, a plurality of air storage branches, a plurality of high pressure horizontal pipelines, a plurality of biaxial strain rosettes, a plurality of differential pressure transducers, a plurality of pressure guide pipelines, a strain gauge, a data acquisition module, a computer, a plurality of elbows, a plurality of high pressure vertical pipelines, a second air bottle and a plurality of pressure returners. The invention further discloses an experimental method for measuring the pipe wall stress and frictional resistance coefficients by using the experimental device for measuring the pipe wall stress and frictional resistance coefficients. According to the method, the pipe wall stress and frictional resistance coefficients are measured according to data detected by the pressure transmitters, the differential pressure transducers and the strain gauge, and a guarantee is supplied to safe transportation of the petroleum industry.