119 results about "Misorientation" patented technology

Disclosed is an Ni-plated layer of biaxial texture, which is formed by electroplating. In the Ni-plated layer,peaks measured on a theta-rocking curve have a FWHM of 7° or less in terms of the misorientation on the c-axis; and peaks measured on phi-scan have a FWHM of 21° or less in terms of the misorientation on the plane formed by the a-axis and the b-axis. Also, a process of electroplating a Ni layer are disclosed. The process comprises forming a Ni-plated layer of biaxial texture under a magnetic field by electroplating and subjecting the Ni-plated layer to thermal treatment to develop the biaxial texture. This electroplating process is expected to give a significant contribution to the development of the electroplating technology and to replace the vacuum deposition used for the preparation of thin film magnetic materials or thin film piezoelectric materials.

Manufacture at lower cost of off-axis GaN single-crystal freestanding substrates having a crystal orientation that is displaced from (0001) instead of (0001) exact. With an off-axis (111) GaAs wafer as a starting substrate, GaN is vapor-deposited onto the starting substrate, which grows GaN crystal that is inclined at the same off-axis angle and in the same direction as is the starting substrate. Misoriented freestanding GaN substrates may be manufactured, utilizing a misoriented (111) GaAs baseplate as a starting substrate, by forming onto the starting substrate a mask having a plurality of apertures, depositing through the mask a GaN single-crystal layer, and then removing the starting substrate. The manufacture of GaN crystal having a misorientation of 0.1° to 25° is made possible.

The periodic stress and strain fields produced by a pure twist grain boundary between two single crystals bonded together in the form of a bicrystal are used to fabricate a two-dimensional surface topography with controllable, nanometer-scale feature spacings (e.g., from 50 nanometers down to 1.5 nanometers). The spacing of the features is controlled by the misorientation angle used during crystal bonding. One of the crystals is selected to be thin, on the order of 5-100 nanometers. A buried periodic array of screw dislocations is formed at the twist grain boundary. To bring the buried periodicity to the surface, the thin single crystal is etched to reveal an array of raised elements, such as pyramids, that have nanometer-scale dimensions. The process can be employed with numerous materials, such as gold, silicon and sapphire. In addition, the process can be used with different materials for each crystal such that a periodic array of misfit dislocations is formed at the interface between the two crystals.

A method for quantifying the texture homogeneity of a polycrystalline material is described. The method involves selecting a reference pole orientation; scanning in increments a cross-section of the polycrystalline material having a thickness with scanning orientation imaging microscopy or other measuring technique to obtain actual pole orientations of a multiplicity of grains throughout the cross-section of the polycrystalline material. The orientation differences between the reference pole orientation and actual pole orientations of a multiplicity of grains is then determined. A value of misorientation from the reference pole orientation at each grain measured throughout the thickness is then assigned. The average misorientation of each measured increment throughout the thickness is then determined. A texture gradient and/or texture banding can then be obtained by determining the first and/or second derivative, respectively, of the average misorientation of each measured increment through the thickness of the sample used for evaluation. A method to predict the sputtering efficiency of a target is also described as well as a system for quantifying the texture homogeneity of a polycrystalline material.

The polarization instability inherent in laterally-oxidized VCSELs may be mitigated by employing an appropriately-shaped device aperture, a misoriented substrate, one or more cavities or employing the shaped device aperture together with a misoriented substrate and/or cavities. The laterally-oxidized VCSELs are able to operate in a single polarization mode throughout the entire light output power versus intensity curve. Combining the use of misoriented substrates with a device design that has an asymmetric aperture that reinforces the polarization mode favored by the substrate further improves polarization selectivity. Other device designs, however, can also be combined with substrate misorientation to strengthen polarization selectivity.

Intraocular lenses with high contrast haptics, materials and methods for making optical blanks and lenses, and methods of use are disclosed and claimed. Such lenses may provide easily recognizable visual cues that may be used to detect and correct misorientation of lenses prior to and during use.

A hot-rolled steel sheet includes a specified chemical composition and includes a steel structure represented by an area ratio of ferrite being 5% to 50%, an area ratio of bainite composed of an aggregate of bainitic ferrite whose grain average misorientation is 0.4° to 3° being 50% to 90%, and a total area ratio of martensite, pearlite, and retained austenite being 5% or less.

The invention provides a SEM transmission electron Kikuchi diffraction apparatus and an analytical method. The apparatus comprises the following components: an electron beam irradiation unit for irradiating electron beams on a sample; an electron backscatter diffraction detector and a sample stage which are located below the electron beam irradiation unit; wherein the sample stage is configured, so that an inclination angle is formed between the sample which is carried on the sample stage and a horizontal plane; and the detector is provided with a phosphor screen which is configured for acquisition and reception of transmission electron signals which are emitted by the sample. Clear transmission electron Kikuchi diffraction patterns are obtained, in order to realize phase identification and phase proportion calculation of crystal grains of nanometer scale, analysis of nanometer scale texture and misorientation, analysis of crystal grain size and shape, analysis of crystal boundary as well as properties of sub-grain and twin crystal, etc.

A system for controlling pile orientation comprises a pile (14) and a pile guide (20) for supporting the pile as it is driven into a substrate, the pile guide comprising a base frame (10) and a pile guide member (22) mounted on the base frame. The pile (14) and the pile guide member (22) have slidaby interengaging profiles (30, 40) comprising first and second parts (32, 42), which are configured to axially rotate the pile to correct any misorientation relative to the pile guide as the parts slide past each other, and third and fourth parts (34, 44), which are configured to maintain a predetermined orientation of the pile relative to the pile guide once any misorientation has been corrected by interengagement of the first and second parts.

The invention provides a method for preparation of a double-phase zirconium alloy EBSD sample by electrolytic polishing. The method adopts the steps of: firstly, utilizing wire-cutting equipment to cut a workpiece according to certain size from a double-phase zirconium alloy material along the directions of length, width and thickness; subjecting the cut workpiece to step-by-step polishing with abrasive paper to remove the oxide skin and polishing the workpiece bright; taking the double-phase zirconium alloy workpiece as the anode to connect a power supply positive electrode; taking a stainless steel sheet or other steel as the cathode to connect a power supply negative electrode, and preparing a sample by electrolytic polishing technology. The preparation method provided by the invention can achieve high diffraction pattern quality in EBSD (electron backscatter diffraction) testing so as to realize reliable characterization of alpha and beta zirconium alloy dual phase microstructure, grain size, microtexture, grain boundary characteristics, misorientation distribution and the like of the two phase of alpha and beta zirconium alloy. The electrolytic polishing liquid provided by the invention has the advantages of wide raw material sources, simple preparation, and low cost, etc. The electrolytic polishing method involved in the invention has the characteristics of simple operation and stable polishing effect, and the polished workpiece has high good flatness and high surface smoothness.

High reliability is achieved with a protected state guaranteed for housings with reinforcing brackets being rigid to be free from displacement and misorientation. A connector includes: a connector body; a terminal installed in the connector body; and a reinforcing bracket fit to the connector body. The connector body includes a recess in which a mating connector body of a mating connector fits, and an insular part that is in the recess and fits in a groove part of the mating connector body. The reinforcing bracket includes an inner reinforcing bracket fit to an insular end part that is an end portion of the insular part in a longitudinal direction. The inner reinforcing bracket includes a body part that is disposed on an upper surface of the insular end part, an end plate that is connected to the body part and is disposed on an end surface of the insular end part, a pair of side plates that are connected to right and left ends of the body part and are disposed on right and left side surfaces of the insular end part, and a pair of connecting legs that are each connected to a lower end of a corresponding one of the side plates and extend outward in a right and left direction of the connector body.

The present invention provides high strength thick steel plate superior in crack arrestability high in strength, free of deterioration of HAZ toughness, and free of anisotropy, that steel plate containing, by mass %, C: 0.03 to 0.15%, Si: 0.1 to 0.5%, Mn: 0.5 to 2.0%, P: ≦0.02%, S: ≦0.01%, Al: 0.001 to 0.1%, Ti: 0.005 to 0.02%, Ni: 0.15 to 2%, and N: 0.001 to 0.008% and having a balance of iron and unavoidable impurities as chemical components, having a microstructure of a ferrite and/or pearlite structure with bainite as a matrix phase, and having an average circle equivalent diameter of crystal grains with a crystal misorientation angle of 15° or more of 15 μm or less in the regions of 10% of plate thickness from the front and rear surfaces and of 40 μm or less in the other region including the center part of plate thickness.

Provided are an abrasion resistant steel plate having excellent low-temperature toughness, and a manufacturing method therefor. The steel plate, which has a Brinell hardness (HBW10/3000) of 361 or more, and a plate thickness of 6-125 mm, contains 50/100 µm2 or more of fine precipitates having a diameter of 50 nm or less in lath-martensite steel that has crystal grains which are surrounded by high angle grain boundaries of a misorientation of 15° or more, and have an average particle size of 20 µm or less. The steel contains, by mass%, C: 0.10% to less than 0.20%, Si: 0.05-0.5%, Mn: 0.5-1.5%, Cr: 0.05-1.20%, Nb: 0.01-0.08%, B: 0.0005-0.003%, Al: 0.01-0.08%, N: 0.0005-0.008%, P: 0.05% or less, S: 0.005% or less, and O: 0.008% or less, moreover contains, as required, one or more rare earth elements from among Mo, V, Ti, Nd, Cu, Ni, W, Ca, and Mg, and satisfies 0.03 ≤ Nb+Ti+Al+V ≤ 0.14, with the remainder being constituted by Fe and unavoidable impurities. The steel is cast, and after rolling, is reheated to the Ac3 transformation point or higher, and successively quenched from the Ar3 transformation point or higher to a temperature of 250°C or less by water cooling. As required, the steel is reheated to 1100°C or more, the rolling reduction of a non-recrystallisation region is 30% or more, and the steel is cooled by water cooling to a temperature of 250°C or less, and reheated at a rate of 1°C/s or more to the Ac3 transformation point or higher.

Welding repairs are often carried out on directionally solidified components that nevertheless do not possess the desired crystallographic surface alignment, which reduces mechanical strength. The method provided selects the direction of travel depending on the crystallographically preferred direction of the substrate such that no more misorientations occur. A laser beam may be used for remelting.

A steel sheet has a specific chemical composition and has a structure represented by, by area ratio, ferrite: 5 to 95%, and bainite: 5 to 95%. When a region that is surrounded by a grain boundary having a misorientation of 15° or more and has a circle-equivalent diameter of 0.3 μm or more is defined as a crystal grain, the proportion of crystal grains each having an intragranular misorientation of 5 to 14° to all crystal grains is 20 to 100% by area ratio. Hard crystal grains A in which precipitates or clusters with a maximum diameter of 8 nm or less are dispersed in the crystal grains with a number density of 1×10¹⁶ to 1×10¹⁹ pieces/cm³ and soft crystal grains B in which precipitates or clusters with a maximum diameter of 8 nm or less are dispersed in the crystal grains with a number density of 1×10¹⁵ pieces/cm³ or less are contained, and the volume % of the hard crystal grains A/(the volume % of the hard crystal grains A +the volume % of the soft crystal grains B) is 0.1 to 0.9.

A method and an apparatus for manufacturing a directionally solidified columnar grained article with a reduced amount of secondary misorientation of the columnar grains. The method employs a casting assembly comprising a mold with a cavity, a selector section at a lower end of the mold, a heating chamber and a cooling chamber. The mold is fed with a liquid metal and then removed from the heating chamber to the cooling chamber where the columnar grained article is solidified. The article is solidified with at least two dendrites or grains emerging from the selector section and entering the main cavity of the shell mold. Further, the selector section is configured so that no dendrite or grain grows from the bottom of the selector section into the shell mold cavity along a continuous path of purely vertical growth.