Patents
Literature
33 results about "Cantilever deflection" patented technology
Efficacy Topic
Property
Owner
Technical Advancement
Application Domain
Technology Topic
Technology Field Word
Patent Country/Region
Patent Type
Patent Status
Application Year
Inventor
Detecting molecular binding by monitoring feedback controlled cantilever deflections
InactiveUS7105301B2Microbiological testing/measurementNanomedicineInformation processingPresent method
The present methods and apparatus concern the detection and / or identification of target analytes using probe molecules. In various embodiments of the invention, the probes or analytes are attached to one or more cantilevers. Binding of a probe to an analyte results in deflection of the cantilever, detected by a detection unit. A counterbalancing force may be applied to restore the cantilever to its original position. The counterbalancing force may be magnetic, electrical or radiative. The detection unit and the mechanism generating the counterbalancing force may be operably coupled to an information processing and control unit, such as a computer. The computer may regulate a feedback loop that maintains the cantilever in a fixed position by balancing the deflecting force and the counterbalancing force. The concentration of analytes in a sample may be determined from the magnitude of the counterbalancing force required to maintain the cantilever in a fixed position.
Owner:INTEL CORP
Dynamic activation for an atomic force microscope and method of use thereof
InactiveUS20060191329A1Increase speedIncrease usageNanotechScanning probe microscopyPhotodetectorLight beam
A scanning probe microscope method and apparatus that modifies imaging dynamics using an active drive technique to optimize the bandwidth of amplitude detection. The deflection is preferably measured by an optical detection system including a laser and a photodetector, which measures cantilever deflection by an optical beam bounce technique or another conventional technique. The detected deflection of the cantilever is subsequently demodulated to give a signal proportional to the amplitude of oscillation of the cantilever, which is thereafter used to drive the cantilever.
Owner:BRUKER NANO INC
Detecting molecular binding by monitoring feedback controlled cantilever deflections
InactiveUS20050244820A1Microbiological testing/measurementNanomedicineInformation processingPresent method
The present methods and apparatus concern the detection and / or identification of target analytes using probe molecules. In various embodiments of the invention, the probes or analytes are attached to one or more cantilevers. Binding of a probe to an analyte results in deflection of the cantilever, detected by a detection unit. A counterbalancing force may be applied to restore the cantilever to its original position. The counterbalancing force may be magnetic, electrical or radiative. The detection unit and the mechanism generating the counterbalancing force may be operably coupled to an information processing and control unit, such as a computer. The computer may regulate a feedback loop that maintains the cantilever in a fixed position by balancing the deflecting force and the counterbalancing force. The concentration of analytes in a sample may be determined from the magnitude of the counterbalancing force required to maintain the cantilever in a fixed position.
Owner:INTEL CORP
Detecting molecular binding by monitoring feedback controlled cantilever deflections
InactiveUS7291466B2Microbiological testing/measurementNanomedicineInformation processingPresent method
The present methods and apparatus concern the detection and / or identification of target analytes using probe molecules. In various embodiments of the invention, the probes or analytes are attached to one or more cantilevers. Binding of a probe to an analyte results in deflection of the cantilever, detected by a detection unit. A counterbalancing force may be applied to restore the cantilever to its original position. The counterbalancing force may be magnetic, electrical or radiative. The detection unit and the mechanism generating the counterbalancing force may be operably coupled to an information processing and control unit, such as a computer. The computer may regulate a feedback loop that maintains the cantilever in a fixed position by balancing the deflecting force and the counterbalancing force. The concentration of analytes in a sample may be determined from the magnitude of the counterbalancing force required to maintain the cantilever in a fixed position.
Owner:INTEL CORP
Dynamic activation for an atomic force microscope and method of use thereof
InactiveUS7036357B2Improve ease of useIncrease speedNanotechSurface/boundary effectPhotodetectorLight beam
A scanning probe microscope method and apparatus that modifies imaging dynamics using an active drive technique to optimize the bandwidth of amplitude detection. The deflection is preferably measured by an optical detection system including a laser and a photodetector, which measures cantilever deflection by an optical beam bounce technique or another conventional technique. The detected deflection of the cantilever is subsequently demodulated to give a signal proportional to the amplitude of oscillation of the cantilever, which is thereafter used to drive the cantilever.
Owner:BRUKER NANO INC
High-precision micro/nano-scale machining system
A high precision micro / nanoscale machining system. A multi-axis movement machine provides relative movement along multiple axes between a workpiece and a tool holder. A cutting tool is disposed on a flexible cantilever held by the tool holder, the tool holder being movable to provide at least two of the axes to set the angle and distance of the cutting tool relative to the workpiece. A feedback control system uses measurement of deflection of the cantilever during cutting to maintain a desired cantilever deflection and hence a desired load on the cutting tool.
Owner:THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE UNIV OF ILLINOIS
Solar Assembly Structure
A solar concentrator assembly includes a pair of rails coupled together only by one or more backpans which are mounted between the pair of rails. The rails are configured to resist a portion of a cantilever deflection along the length of the rails. The backpans seat solar concentrator arrays and are configured to provide torsional rigidity and deflection resistance in at least one direction orthogonal to the cantilever deflection.
Owner:SOLFOCUS
Dynamic activation for an atomic force microscope and method of use thereof
InactiveUS7204131B2Increase speedIncrease usageNanotechSurface/boundary effectPhotodetectorLight beam
A scanning probe microscope method and apparatus that modifies imaging dynamics using an active drive technique to optimize the bandwidth of amplitude detection. The deflection is preferably measured by an optical detection system including a laser and a photodetector, which measures cantilever deflection by an optical beam bounce technique or another conventional technique. The detected deflection of the cantilever is subsequently demodulated to give a signal proportional to the amplitude of oscillation of the cantilever, which is thereafter used to drive the cantilever.
Owner:BRUKER NANO INC
Conformable skin element system for active vortex control
InactiveUS7578483B1Enhance vehicle guidanceEasy to controlActuated automaticallyBoundary layer controlsSurface mountingTransducer
Conformable skin elements provide active vortex control. The skin element is mounted on a surface and acts like a pressure transducer and flow modifier. A micro-processor is coupled to the skin element and a feedback loop for controlling activation of the skin-element corresponding to surface pressures detected on the skin element. Additional pressure transducers may be provided for communicating with the feedback loop. These may include surface mounted taps or manometers and the like. Wires connect the skin elements, the feedback loop, and the micro-processor for conducting voltage to the skin elements and for transmitting pressure signals from the skin element via the feedback loop to the micro-processor. The skin element may be mounted on the surface by any known mounting system. Perimeter mounts on the skin element allow bulge deflection while cantilevered mounts allow cantilever deflection of the skin element. Aerodynamic forebody surfaces have the skin elements mounted circumferentially about a tip of the forebody. There may be one or more skin elements mounted according to the desired function. The skin elements may be of any shape.
Owner:OCEANIT LAB
Real Time Detection of Loss of Cantilever Sensing Loss
InactiveUS20060213261A1NanotechnologyMechanical roughness/irregularity measurementsObserver basedPhysics
An approach to detect when a cantilever loses interaction with a sample, thereby detecting when a portion of an image obtained using a cantilever is spurious is presented. An observer based estimation of cantilever deflection is compared to the cantilever deflection and the resulting innovation is used to detect when the cantilever loses interaction. The loss of interaction is determined when the innovation is outside of and / or below a threshold level.
Owner:IOWA STATE UNIV RES FOUND
Fully digital controller for cantilever-based instruments
ActiveUS7234342B2Improve performanceIncrease flexibilityMaterial analysis using wave/particle radiationInstrumental componentsRandom noiseAnalog signal processing
A controller for cantilever-based instruments, including atomic force microscopes, molecular force probe instruments, high-resolution profilometers and chemical or biological sensing probes. The controller samples the output of the photo-detector commonly used to detect cantilever deflection in these instruments with a very fast analog / digital converter (ADC). The resulting digitized representation of the output signal is then processed with field programmable gate arrays and digital signal processors without making use of analog electronics. Analog signal processing is inherently noisy while digital calculations are inherently “perfect” in that they do not add any random noise to the measured signal. Processing by field programmable gate arrays and digital signal processors maximizes the flexibility of the controller because it can be varied through programming means, without modification of the controller hardware.
Owner:OXFORD INSTRUMENTS +1
Method and apparatus for measuring cantilever deflection in constrained spaces
Atomic Force Microscopes (AFMs) allow forces within systems under observation to be probed from the piconewton forces of a single covalent bond to the forces exerted by cells in the micronewton range. The pendulum geometry prevents the snap-to-contact problem afflicting soft cantilevers in AFMs which enable attonewton force sensitivity. However, the microscopic length scale studies of cellular / subcellular forces parallel to the imaging plane of an optical microscope requires high sensitivity force measurements at high sampling frequencies despite the difficulties of implementing the pendulum geometry from constraints imposed by the focused incoming / outgoing light interfering with the sample surface. Additionally measurement systems for biological tissue samples in vitro must satisfy complex physical constraints to provide access to the vertical cantilever. Embodiments of the invention address these geometrical restrictions by exploiting optical periscope approaches that further allows multiple probes to be deployed and multiple optical beams within each probe.
Owner:MCGILL UNIV
Noncontact Sensitivity and Compliance Calibration Method for Cantilever-Based Instruments
InactiveUS20070062252A1Simple methodNanotechnologyScanning probe techniquesMagnetic force microscopeEngineering
Apparatus for determining physical properties of micromachined cantilevers used in cantilever-based instruments, including atomic force microscopes, molecular force probe instruments and chemical or biological sensing probes. The properties that may be so determined include optical lever sensitivity, cantilever spring constant and cantilever sample separation. Cantilevers characterized with the method may be used to determine fluid flow rates. The apparatus measures cantilever deflection resulting from drag force as the cantilever is moved through fluid. Unlike other methods for determining such physical properties of cantilevers, the method described does not depend on cantilever contact with a well-defined rigid surface. Consequently, the apparatus may be employed in situations where such contact is undesirable or inconvenient. The apparatus may be used for applications such as molecular force measurements, atomic force microscopy and manipulation technology, chemical or biological sensing, nanometer scale surface profiling, and other aspects of nanotechnology.
Owner:OXFORD INSTR ASYLUM RES +1
Method for measuring nm-scale tip-sample capacitance
InactiveUS20050077915A1Increase drive frequencyHigh currentNanotechCapacitance measurementsCapacitanceFitting-out
A method for measuring nm-scale tip-sample capacitance comprising: (a) measuring a cantilever deflection and a change in probe-sample capacitance relative to a reference level as a function of a probe assembly height; (b) fitting out-of-contact data to a function; (c) subtracting the function from capacitance data to get a residual capacitance as a function of the probe assembly height; and (d) determining the residual capacitance at a z-position where the cantilever deflection is zero.
Owner:THE OHIO STATES UNIV
Phase feedback AFM and control method therefor
InactiveUS7836757B2Amplitude of oscillation is keptHigh sensitivityNanotechnologyScanning probe microscopyConstant frequencyResonance
A phase feedback AFM (atomic force microscope) and method for the phase feedback AFM. A cantilever is driven to oscillate at a constant frequency close to the resonance frequency of the cantilever by a driving signal. The distance between the probe and the sample is controlled such that the phase difference between the driving signal and a cantilever deflection signal indicating deflections of the cantilever is kept constant. The phase feedback AFM has an amplifier-controller for receiving the cantilever deflection signal, the output from an oscillator for driving the cantilever into oscillation, and a signal representing a reference amplitude of oscillation of the cantilever. The phase feedback AFM further includes a feedback circuit which receives the output from the amplifier-controller which controls the cantilever deflection signal to a preset amplitude.
Owner:JEOL LTD
Plane mirror reflection based micro-cantilever deflection detecting system of micro-cantilever array sensor and detecting method
InactiveCN103822651AEnsure consistencySimple structureConverting sensor output opticallyPlane mirrorData acquisition
The invention discloses a plane mirror reflection based micro-cantilever deflection detecting system of a micro-cantilever array sensor, which is characterized by comprising a laser device for emitting a horizontal laser beam, a plane mirror, a photoelectric position sensitive detector, a data acquisition card and a computer. According to the deflection detecting system disclosed by the invention, the plane mirror is driven to do corresponding reciprocating translational motion through a voice coil motor or is driven to do reciprocating swinging through a stepping motor, so that the laser beam emitted by the laser device does reciprocating translational motion or rotation to scan a micro-cantilever array; deflection signals of various micro-cantilevers in the micro-cantilever array are received through the photoelectric position sensitive detector in a time sequence so as to monitor real-time response information on the various micro-cantilevers. According to the invention, an array scanning light path is simple in structure and easy to realize; by scanning all the micro-cantilevers by one laser unit, the detecting system can guarantee consistency of irradiation spots on the various micro-cantilevers; the performance of the micro-cantilever array sensor system is improved.
Owner:ANHUI UNIV OF SCI & TECH
Cantilever fulcrum jumping detecting tool and method
ActiveCN107576293AEffectively fixedAvoid cantilever deflectionMechanical measuring arrangementsLow voltageAir compressor
The invention discloses a cantilever fulcrum jumping detecting tool and method. The detecting tool is clamped onto a turbine case and is used for detecting a jumping value and a tip clearance of a low-voltage turbine rotor at a cantilever end of an air compressor; the low-voltage turbine rotor is fixed by a measuring bridge; by a clearance formed in the measuring bridge and an external detecting device, the jumping value and the tip clearance of the low-voltage turbine rotor are detected; and during assembling of an engine, cantilever deflection at the position of a low-voltage turbine can beavoided by adding auxiliary supporting points on the low-voltage turbine rotor, and therefore, measured data are accurate. In addition, the failure of examination after mounting of a mounted interstage guiding device is avoided, the low-voltage turbine rotor is fixed effectively, and the problem that detection is inaccurate due to the fact that a supporting point of the low-voltage turbine rotor deflects is solved.
Owner:CHINA HANGFA SOUTH IND CO LTD
Real time detection of loss of cantilever sensing loss
An approach to detect when a cantilever loses interaction with a sample, thereby detecting when a portion of an image obtained using a cantilever is spurious is presented. An observer based estimation of cantilever deflection is compared to the cantilever deflection and the resulting innovation is used to detect when the cantilever loses interaction. The loss of interaction is determined when the innovation is outside of and / or below a threshold level.
Owner:IOWA STATE UNIV RES FOUND
Phase Feedback AFM and Control Method Therefor
InactiveUS20080229813A1Amplitude of oscillation is keptHigh sensitivityNanotechnologyScanning probe microscopyConstant frequencyAudio power amplifier
A phase feedback AFM (atomic force microscope) and method for the phase feedback AFM. A cantilever is driven to oscillate at a constant frequency close to the resonance frequency of the cantilever by a driving signal. The distance between the probe and the sample is controlled such that the phase difference between the driving signal and a cantilever deflection signal indicating deflections of the cantilever is kept constant. The phase feedback AFM has an amplifier-controller for receiving the cantilever deflection signal, the output from an oscillator for driving the cantilever into oscillation, and a signal representing a reference amplitude of oscillation of the cantilever. The phase feedback AFM further includes a feedback circuit which receives the output from the amplifier-controller which controls the cantilever deflection signal to a preset amplitude.
Owner:JEOL LTD
Method and system for erecting steel trusses by stay cable auxiliary complete cantilever
ActiveCN100543235CReduce installation internal forceReduce deflectionTruss-type bridgeBridge erection/assemblyCable stayedLong span
The present invention is a method and system for erecting a steel truss beam assisted by a cable-stayed full cantilever. The method uses a sling tower combined with a steel structure central tower column and a cable-stayed cable; The tower crane on the top of the end of the truss girder; after the anchor boxes of the front and rear cable stays are connected with the lug plates of the steel girder joints, the tower is directly lifted to apply the pretension of the cable stays; Cantilever erection. After the hole steel girder is erected, use the method of raising the temporary support of the front pier and lifting equipment between the upper and lower supports of the sling tower to complete the cable force unloading of the stay cables. The system includes tower auxiliary truss, tower center column, upper and lower support bases, front and rear stay cables, stay cable upper and lower anchor boxes, tower top anchor beams and running mechanism. Advantages: For large-span continuous steel truss girders, a special equipment is used to assist the erection of multi-span steel truss girders, which can reduce the internal force of steel truss girder member installation, reduce the deflection of the front outrigger end, and increase the roll stability of the outrigger steel truss girder sex. And the investment is small, the cycle is short; the operation is very convenient.
Owner:THE FOURTH ENG CO LTD OF CHINA ZHONGTIEMAJOR BRIDGE ENG GRP
Method for detecting platelet-derived growth factor with concentration of 0.5-10[mu]g/mL by using carbon nanotube micro-cantilever biosensor
A method for detecting a platelet-derived growth factor with the concentration of 0.5-10[mu]g / mL is realized by constructing a carbon nanotube micro-cantilever biosensor. The biosensor comprises a support, a substrate material, a carbon nanotube and a pick-up circuit, and the carbon nanotube is modified with a layer of nucleic acid aptamers through a phi-phi superposing effect. The method comprises the following steps: a detection probe containing a PDGF nucleic acid aptamer is made on a carbon nanotube micro-cantilever, the detection probe is put in a sample to be detected during detection, and PDGF in the sample to be detected and the nucleic acid aptamer on the detection probe form a compound and are attached to the micro-cantilever through a specific reaction; and a micro-cantilever deflection displacement or resonant frequency change caused by the mass change of the compound on the micro-cantilever is positively related to the concentration of PDGF in the sample to be detected in order to realize PDGF detection.
![Method for detecting platelet-derived growth factor with concentration of 0.5-10[mu]g/mL by using carbon nanotube micro-cantilever biosensor](https://images-eureka.patsnap.com/patent_img/1db4c6ba-a46f-4efa-b297-9c7155537b61/1.PNG "Method for detecting platelet-derived growth factor with concentration of 0.5-10[mu]g/mL by using carbon nanotube micro-cantilever biosensor")
Owner:GUILIN UNIV OF ELECTRONIC TECH
Method for detecting human immune globulin E with concentration of 0.5-10[mu]g/mL
A method for detecting human immune globulin E with the concentration of 0.5-10[mu]g / mL is realized by constructing a carbon nanotube micro-cantilever biosensor. The biosensor comprises a support, a substrate material, a carbon nanotube and a pick-up circuit, and the carbon nanotube is modified with a layer of nucleic acid aptamers through a hydrophobic effect. The method comprises the following steps: a detection probe containing an hIgE nucleic acid aptamer is made on a carbon nanotube micro-cantilever, the detection probe is put in a sample to be detected during detection, hIgE in the sample to be detected and the nucleic acid aptamer on the detection probe form a compound and are attached to the micro-cantilever through a specific reaction; and a micro-cantilever deflection displacement or resonant frequency change caused by the mass change of the compound on the micro-cantilever is positively related to the concentration of hIgE in the sample to be detected in order to realize hIgE detection.
![Method for detecting human immune globulin E with concentration of 0.5-10[mu]g/mL](https://images-eureka.patsnap.com/patent_img/1e71a8e9-a938-4855-8d39-9620be5d3ab6/1.PNG "Method for detecting human immune globulin E with concentration of 0.5-10[mu]g/mL")
Owner:GUILIN UNIV OF ELECTRONIC TECH
Sensing mode atomic force microscope
InactiveUS7095020B2Easy to operateEnables atomic force microscope usabilityNanotechMaterial analysis using wave/particle radiationElectricityAdhesion force
Owner:BROOKHAVEN SCI ASSOCS
Detecting molecular binding by monitoring feedback controlled cantilever deflections
InactiveUS7270952B2Microbiological testing/measurementNanomedicineInformation processingPresent method
The present methods and apparatus concern the detection and / or identification of target analytes using probe molecules. In various embodiments of the invention, the probes or analytes are attached to one or more cantilevers. Binding of a probe to an analyte results in deflection of the cantilever, detected by a detection unit. A counterbalancing force may be applied to restore the cantilever to its original position. The counterbalancing force may be magnetic, electrical or radiative. The detection unit and the mechanism generating the counterbalancing force may be operably coupled to an information processing and control unit, such as a computer. The computer may regulate a feedback loop that maintains the cantilever in a fixed position by balancing the deflecting force and the counterbalancing force. The concentration of analytes in a sample may be determined from the magnitude of the counterbalancing force required to maintain the cantilever in a fixed position.
Owner:INTEL CORP
Double-turning funnel type optical fiber grating rainfall sensor with temperature self-compensation characteristic
PendingCN107907921AWith temperature self-compensation characteristicsExtended service lifeRainfall/precipitation gaugesFiberGrating
Owner:YANCHENG INST OF TECH
High-precision micro/nano-scale machining system
Owner:THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE UNIV OF ILLINOIS
An integrated support structure for bridge underpass
This invention discloses an integrated bridge under-floor support structure, installed beneath the bridge deck to bear construction loads. It includes two main beams aligned with the bridge deck and a traveling device for supporting the main beams. One end of each main beam is located beneath the bridge deck and is equipped with a bottom support device, while the other end extends outward relative to the bridge deck and is equipped with a grabbing device. One end of the main beam is suspended from the bridge deck via a support beam and a hoisting mechanism, providing additional support. The main beam and the bottom support device can move relative to each other, eliminating the need for disassembly during movement and improving construction efficiency. After the main beam extends outward relative to the bridge deck, the other end is suspended from a suspended beam via a grabbing assembly and steel slings. The suspended beam is hoisted using a bridge erecting machine to provide support, thereby resisting overturning moments and cantilever deflection. Simultaneously, during the main beam's passage through the span, several traveling devices move along the direction of the main beam, alternately supporting and traveling, thereby adjusting the support position of the main beam and improving overall safety and stability.
Owner:POLY CHANGDA ENGINEERING CO LTD
Road traffic stone cleaning device
PendingCN111622161AAdjustable positionAdjust the deflection directionRoad cleaningHydraulic cylinderCylinder block
The invention relates to a road edge stone cleaning device. The device comprises a fixing frame, a walking frame, a deflection hydraulic cylinder, a first connecting base, a cantilever and a cleaningmechanism. The walking frame is installed on the fixing frame. One end of the first connecting base is hinged to the walking frame through a deflection shaft, and the other end is connected with one end of the cantilever. The cleaning mechanism is connected to the other end of the cantilever through a second connecting base; and a cylinder body of the deflection hydraulic cylinder is hinged to thelower portion of the walking frame. A deflection joint is hinged to the end part of a telescopic rod of the deflection hydraulic cylinder; according to the road traffic stone cantilever deflection device, the cantilever can be driven to deflect through the deflection hydraulic cylinder, the deflection joint and the connecting base, the walking frame moves on the fixing frame, and therefore the position and the deflection direction of the cantilever can be adjusted according to the direction and the position of road traffic stone.
Owner:HENAN LUTAI ROAD MAINTENANCE MACHINERY
Method for measuring elastic modulus of banknotes and device for maximum bending deflection
ActiveCN104359765BSolve the measurement problem of elastic modulusSolve measurement problemsMaterial strength using tensile/compressive forcesEngineeringElastic modulus
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for measuring the elastic modulus of banknotes, which is used to solve the technical problem that the stretching method is not suitable for measuring the elastic modulus of old banknotes. The method of the embodiment of the present invention includes: measuring the deflection of the cantilever beam at both ends of the banknote; fitting the relationship formula between the elastic modulus and the bending deflection of the banknote through a data fitting method; substituting the deflection of the cantilever beam into the relationship as the bending deflection formula to calculate the elastic modulus of the banknote. The embodiment of the present invention also provides a device for measuring the maximum bending deflection of banknotes. The embodiments of the present invention can solve the technical problem that the stretching method is not suitable for measuring the elastic modulus of old banknotes.
Owner:GRG BAKING EQUIP CO LTD
Internal grinding arm device special for grinding deep hole internal spline and machining method
The invention belongs to the technical field of internal spline grinding machining, and discloses a special internal grinding arm device for deep hole internal spline grinding, which comprises a grinding carriage and a grinding head which are fixed on the surface of a machine tool turntable, the grinding wheel frame comprises a cover plate and a frame body, a transmission mechanism and a grinding head are connected into the frame body, and the overall structure of the grinding wheel frame is arranged to be a trapezoidal structure with a large section on the side close to the transmission mechanism and a small section on the side close to the grinding head. According to the internal grinding arm special for grinding the deep hole internal spline, the structural rigidity and the vibration resistance of the grinding device in the deep hole internal spline machining process are effectively improved through the trapezoidal structural design, the problems of grinding wheel jumping and vibration caused by cantilever deflection are remarkably solved, and therefore the stability and the machining precision in the grinding process are improved. Compared with a traditional inner grinding arm structure, the structure has the good mass distribution characteristic while enough rigidity is guaranteed, the system rigidity can be kept in the length-diameter-ratio workpiece grinding process, structural deformation is restrained, and the workpiece surface integrity is improved.
Owner:HARBIN DONGAN ENGINE GRP