After a gate insulating film is formed over a gate electrode, in order to improve the quality of a microcrystallinesemiconductor film which is formed in an early stage of deposition, a film near an interface with the gate insulating film is formed under a first deposition condition in which a deposition rate is low but the quality of a film to be formed is high, and then, a film is further deposited under a second deposition condition in which a deposition rate is high. Then, a buffer layer is formed to be in contact with the microcrystallinesemiconductor film. Further, plasma treatment with a rare gas such as argon or hydrogenplasma treatment is performed before formation of the film under the first deposition condition for removing adsorbed water on a substrate.
A transistor whose channel region includes an oxidesemiconductor is used as a pull down transistor. The band gap of the oxidesemiconductor is 2.0 eV or more, preferably 2.5 eV or more, more preferably 3.0 eV or more. Thus, hot carrier degradation in the transistor can be suppressed. Accordingly, the circuit size of the semiconductor device including the pull down transistor can be made small. Further, a gate of a pull up transistor is made to be in a floating state by switching of on / off of the transistor whose channel region includes an oxide semiconductor. Note that when the oxide semiconductor is highly purified, the off-state current of the transistor can be 1 aA / μm (1×10−18 A / μm) or less. Therefore, the drive capability of the semiconductor device can be improved.
The present invention provides an image display capable of performing high-precision multi-gradation display while avoiding problems of a subtle noise and increase in a drive frequency. Display signal data of one frame is constructed by a plurality of sub frames of, for example, four sub frames 1 / 4 to 4 / 4. The 1 / 4 frame is set as an address period of an analog signal, the 2 / 4 frame is set as an analog gradation display period, the 3 / 4 frame is set as an address period of a digital signal, and the 4 / 4 frame is set as a digital gradationlight emission period. The image display is constructed in such a manner that, in the analog gradation display period, an OLED device in a pixel emits light of time according to an analog signalvoltage stored in a storage capacitor in the pixel by an analog drive signal circuit and, in the digital gradation display period, a binary light emitting operation of light emission and non light emission is performed according to a digital signalvoltage stored in the storage capacitor by a digital signaldriving circuit.
An OLEDdisplay device includes first and second group pixels that emit light during first and second fields, respectively; first and second scan lines respectively coupled to the first and second group pixels; and first and second power lines for respectively supplying first and second power voltages to the first and second group pixels. The first and second power lines are coupled with first electrodes of the respective storage capacitors of the first and second group pixels, and the first power voltage is supplied as a first level voltage for a first period during which the first group pixels concurrently emit light. The first and second power lines are coupled with first electrodes of the respective storage capacitors of the first and second group pixels, and the first power voltage is supplied as a first level voltage for a first period during which the first group pixels concurrently emit light.
An actinic energy radiation curable ink-jet ink comprising an actinic energy radiation polymerizable compound, wherein the actinic energy radiation polymerizable compound comprises a vinyl ether compound, a total content of the vinyl ether compound is 30% or more by mass, the vinyl ether compound comprises a bis-vinyl ether compound and a multifunctional vinyl compound having three or more vinyl ether groups, 10 to 70% by mass of the ink is the bis-vinyl ether compound, and 5 to 70% by mass of the ink is the multifunctional vinyl compound having three or more vinyl ether groups.
A method of driving a display device including a plurality of pixels, the method including transmitting a plurality of data signals to first group pixels during a first scan period, simultaneously emitting light through the first group pixels according to a programmed data signal during a first light emitting period adjacent to the first scan period, transmitting a plurality of data signals to second group pixels, different from the first group pixels, during a second scan period, and simultaneously emitting light through the second group pixels according to a programmed data signal during a second light emitting period adjacent to the second scan period. A first field including the first scan period and the first light emitting period and a second field including the second scan period and the second light emitting period are temporally divided.
An object is to provide a semiconductor device including a microcrystallinesemiconductor film with favorable quality and a method for manufacturing the semiconductor device. In a thin film transistor formed using a microcrystalline semiconductor film, yttria-stabilized zirconia having a fluorite structure is formed in the uppermost layer of a gate insulating film in order to improve quality of a microcrystalline semiconductor film to be formed in the initial stage of deposition. The microcrystalline semiconductor film is deposited on the yttria-stabilized zirconia, so that the microcrystalline semiconductor film around an interface with a base particularly has favorable crystallinity while by crystallinity of the base.
A method of driving an electro wetting display panel includes applying a first data voltage to a pixel part of the display panel during a first section of a frame and applying a second data voltage different from the first data voltage to the same pixel part during a second section of the frame. The first data voltage is converted from display data based on a first gamma curve. The second data voltage is converted from the display data based on a second gamma curve. Light transmittance through the pixel part is changed based on movement of a fluid within the pixel part.
To provide a semiconductor device including an inverter circuit whose driving frequency is increased by control of the threshold voltage of a transistor or a semiconductor device including an inveter circuit with low power consumption. An inverter circuit includes a first transistor and a second transistor each including a semiconductor film in which a channel is formed, a pair of gate electrodes between which the semiconductor film is placed, and source and drain electrodes in contact with the semiconductor film. Controlling potentials applied to the pair of gate electrodes makes the first transistor have normally-on characteristics and the second transistor have normally-off characteristics. Thus, the driving frequency of the inverter circuit is increased.
The invention belongs to the field of machinery, and relates to a hydraulic drive, gas drive or solid flowing pressure drive device and equipment, particularly to a method for utilizing rolling friction to centralize a piston rod to do reciprocating motion and an actuating device for utilizing rolling friction to centralize the piston rod to do reciprocating motion through implementing the method. The actuating device comprises a piston rod, a cylinder body, a controlling piece and a centralizer, wherein the piston rod comprises a piston and a cylinder rod; the centralizer comprises a guiding rolling element and a guiding rolling element supporting piece; the guiding rolling element is arranged between the guiding rolling element supporting piece and the cylinder rod; the controlling piece controls flow of liquid, gas or solid; the piston drives the cylinder rod to do reciprocating motion; and the guiding rolling element fits the guiding rolling element supporting piece and the cylinder rod to rotate and centralizes the motion direction of the cylinder rod through the rolling friction.
A gate driver comprises a shift register that has a plurality of stages connected together and outputs a gate signal comprising a first pulse and a second pulse to a gate line. A stage includes a holding part, a pre-charging part, a pull-up part, and a pull-down part. The holding part discharges an output terminal to an off-voltage in response to a first clocksignal. The pre-charging part turns off the holding part and outputs the first clocksignal as the first pulse to the output terminal in response to an output signal of a previous stage. The pull-up part outputs a second clock signal as the second pulse to the output terminal in response to the output signal of the previous stage. The pull-down part discharges the first output terminal to the off-voltage in response to an output signal of a next stage.
In a probe memory device, a technique of realizing consistency of high-density recording and high-speed reading / writing is provided. A recording medium is placed to a probe arraychip on which a plurality of probes are arranged in such a way as to maintain a constant spacing thereto by adopting a high-stiffness elastic support structure. The recording medium is equipped with a stage scanner that is driven continuously while drawing a constant trajectory on an X-Y plane almost in parallel to a probe arraychip plane. The probes are equipped with respective actuators each being driven in a Z direction almost perpendicular to the X-Y plane. Each of the probes is made to write or read by altering a distance between the probe and the recording medium in parallel processing. The X-Y actuator is controlled so that the probe may continue a predetermined cyclic movement. Moreover, a tracking area is provided in a portion of the recording medium, and a trajectory of the probe by actuation is controlled so as to have a fixed geometry.
A reference voltage waveform reciprocating between a first voltage and a second voltage is supplied to a piezoelectric element via a switch. If a switch is set to a connected state (ON), the reference voltage waveform is applied to the piezoelectric element, and if the switch is set to a disconnected state (OFF), the voltage when the switch is set to OFF continues to be applied. Therefore, it becomes possible to apply a variety of drive signals only by switching the switch in accordance with increase and decrease of the reference voltage waveform, and there is no need to store a plurality of types of drive signals. Further, it is possible to start to apply the drive signal immediately when the voltage of the reference voltage waveform reaches the target voltage.
Liquid is ejected in a pulse-like manner from a nozzle provided at the distal end of a liquid ejection pipe. When the liquid is ejected, moving speed of the nozzle is detected. A driving frequency of a piezoelectric element is increased when the moving speed increase. The driving frequency is reduced when the moving speed decreases. Consequently, it is possible to prevent the number of times the liquid is ejected per unit length from changing according to the moving speed of the nozzle. Therefore, it is possible to excise a biological tissue at stable excision depth.
An object is to provide a manufacturing method of a microcrystallinesemiconductor film with favorable quality over a large-area substrate. After forming a gate insulating film over a gate electrode, in order to improve quality of a microcrystallinesemiconductor film formed in an initial stage, glow dischargeplasma is generated by supplying high-frequency powers with different frequencies, and a lower part of the film near an interface with the gate insulating film is formed under a first film formation condition, which is low in film formation rate but results in a good quality film. Thereafter, an upper part of the film is deposited under a second film formation condition with higher film formation rate, and further, a buffer layer is stacked on the microcrystallinesemiconductor film.
Power consumption is sufficiently reduced even when a moving image is displayed at an increased driving frequency. A liquid crystaldisplay device includes a signal generation circuit which outputs a polarity inversion signal that is generated in accordance with a count value obtained by counting cycles of a vertical synchronization signal and a source driver which switches a polarity of video signals input to a pixel in accordance with the polarity inversion signal. The polarity of the video signals is kept the same for m (m is greater than or equal to 2) or more frame periods by the polarity inversion signal.
The invention specifically relates to a method for retaining vertical impact of an impacting mechanism and a vertical-lift impact-cutting digger implementing the method, belonging to the field of machinery, especially to the field of mining. The digger comprises a body, the impacting mechanism and a vertical lift mechanism, wherein the impacting mechanism comprises a guiding member and an impacting head, the vertical lift mechanism comprises a vertical lift driving unit, a lifting and moving part, a supporting seat and the like, the lifting and moving part is movably connected with the supporting seat, the supporting seat is connected with the body, the impacting mechanism is arranged on the lifting and moving part, the vertical lift driving unit drives the lifting and moving part to vertically move up and down, and the lifting and moving part drives the impacting mechanism to vertically rise and fall. The digger provided by the invention has the advantages of a long service life, a small amount of maintenance, high work efficiency, shortened body length and applicability to a complex usage occasion.
After a gate insulating film is formed over a gate electrode, in order to improve the quality of a microcrystallinesemiconductor film which is formed in an early stage of deposition, a film near an interface with the gate insulating film is formed under a first deposition condition in which a deposition rate is low but the quality of a film to be formed is high, and then, a film is further deposited under a second deposition condition in which a deposition rate is high. Then, a buffer layer is formed to be in contact with the microcrystallinesemiconductor film. Further, plasma treatment with a rare gas such as argon or hydrogenplasma treatment is performed before formation of the film under the first deposition condition for removing adsorbed water on a substrate.
In a liquid crystal panel, a reflective pixel electrode and a transmissive pixel electrode in a unit pixel are supplied with an image signal output from a data line drive circuit, the two mutually different scanning signals output from a scanning line drive circuit, and common signals output from a common line drive circuit. The phase of the image signal is set different from that of the common signal. Further, a period during which the two scanning signals are selected is set in one horizontal period, the ending of the selection period for one of the scanning signals is set to a point in time before an electrical potential of the common signal changes, and the ending of the selection period for the other scanning signal is set to a point in time after the electrical potential of the common signal changes.
A method to determine a back electromotive force induced in a coil of a voice-coil motor by its motion. The motor is driven in a discontinuous mode by commanding alternating on-phases and off-phases (tristate). A drive current flowing in the coil or a drive voltage on the coil at an end of an on-phase is sensed. An amplitude of a voltage disturbance induced in the coil by mutual induction between a permanent magnet of the voice-coil motor and the moving coil as a function of the sensed drive current or drive voltage is estimated. Voltage on the coil is sensed during a following off-phase with no current flowing in the coil. The back electromotive force induced in the moving coil is determined as a difference between the sensed voltage and the estimated amplitude of the voltage disturbance.