The invention discloses a mechanical earthquake self-detection device which comprises an earthquake amplitude control plate, a pointed conical pendulum supporting frame, a pendulum bob and a ground fixed connecting plate. The pointed conical pendulum supporting frame is located between the earthquake amplitude control plate and the pendulum bob. The earthquake amplitude control plate, the pointed conical pendulum supporting frame and the pendulum bob are fixedly installed on the upper portion of the ground fixed connecting plate in a mutually-parallel mode. When an earthquake occurs, the pointed conical pendulum supporting frame is installed on the ground fixed connecting plate, therefore, a pointed conical pendulum will swing at the frequency same as that of the ground under the inertial effect of gravity swinging, when swinging of the pointed conical pendulum reaches the certain amplitude, a convex cone at the upper end of the pointed conical pendulum is separated from an earthquake amplitude control circular truncated cone, a pendulum bob head on the earthquake amplitude control plate loses supporting, the pendulum bob head drives a pendulum rod to drop in an overturn mode, a sector gear at the other end of the pendulum rod is in meshed transmission with a cylindrical gear externally connected with a control mechanism, a protection mechanism, connected with the cylindrical gear, in the control mechanism is driven to be started instantaneously, 360-degree earthquake wave all-dimensional automatic detection is achieved, and the prevention effect on sudden disasters is good.