Method for determining a
critical time for energy saving for the standstill of the spindle of an NC
machine tool and for energy saving, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Step 1, the motion process of the NC
machine tool spindle
system is divided into two parts, namely a stationary process and a transient process, whereby the
total energy consumption E of the motion process of the NC
machine tool spindle
system is calculated as: E=E S +E T where E denotes the
total energy consumption of the motion process of the NC
machine tool spindle
system; E S the
energy consumption of the steady-state process at spindle speed n; E T the
energy consumption of the transient process of spindle acceleration from the initial speed n0 to the target speed n1; Step 2, the
energy consumption of the NC
machine tool spindle system for the stationary process comprises two components, namely the energy consumption for spindle rotation P SR (n) and the energy consumption for the basic
machine tool module P B , which are calculated as follows: ES = PS t = [ P SR ( n ) + PB ] t E S =P S t=[P SR (n)+P B ]t where P S The steady-state process power at spindle speed n is denoted; P SR (n) the spindle rotational power at spindle speed n; P B the performance of the basic module of the machine tool; t the steady-state
process duration; Step 3, the energy consumption of the transient process of the NC machine tool spindle system is calculated as follows: ET = ∫ 0 t T 1 PT 1 dt + PB ( t T 1 + t T 2 ) + 1 2 [ P SR ( n 0 + 30 α t T 1 π ) + T s ( π n 0 30 + α t T 1 ) + P SR ( n 1 ) ] t T 2 where t T1 denotes the time of the spindle rotation acceleration process, s; P T1 The power of the spindle rotational acceleration, W; P B the power of the NC machine base module, W; t T2 the time of the spindle turning transition process, s; P SR ( n 0 + 30 α t T 1 π ) the power of the spindle rotation at the spindle speed n 0 + 30 α t T 1 π , W; n0 the initial spindle speed, rpm; α the
angular acceleration of the spindle rotational acceleration process, rad / s 2 ; T S the acceleration torque of the spindle rotational acceleration, N·m, n1 the target speed of the spindle rotational acceleration, r / min; Step 4, NC machine tool spindle to standstill for energy saving meets the following conditions: (1) The time between
machining activities is greater than the
critical time for spindle standstill for energy savings; (2) The energy consumption during the process of restarting and accelerating to the target speed n1 after the spindle has stopped is less than the energy consumption of the spindle which maintained the original speed n0 rotation, and the original speed n0 is equal to the target speed n1; where the equation is given as follows: { t I > t min t I ( P SR ( n 1 ) + PB ) > ( t I − t T ) PB + ET where t I denotes the time between two
machining operations, s; t min the critical point for spindle standstill to save energy, s; P SR (n1) the spindle rotational power at spindle speed n1, W; n1 the target speed of the spindle rotational acceleration, rpm; P B the
power output of the machine base module, W; t T the transient
process time of the spindle rotational acceleration, which is the sum of the
process time for the spindle rotational acceleration tT1 and the
process time for the spindle rotation transition t T2 results in, s; E T the transient process energy consumption of the spindle system, J; Step 5, the critical point in time for spindle standstill to save energy in the NC machine tool system, meets the following conditions: (1) The
critical time for stopping the spindle to save energy is greater than or equal to the time for the transient process acceleration of the spindle rotation; (2) Within the critical time t min The energy consumption during the process of the spindle being stationary for a period of time and restarting and accelerating to the target speed n1 is equal to the energy consumption during which the spindle maintained the original rotational speed n0, and the original rotational speed n0 is equal to the target rotational speed n1; where the equation is given as follows: { t min ≥ t T t min ( P SR ( n 1 ) + PB ) = ( t min − t T ) PB + ET where t min denotes the critical point in time when the spindle stops to save energy, s; t T the time of the transient process for accelerating the spindle rotation, which is the sum of the time t T1 to accelerate the spindle rotation process and the time t T2 for the transition of the spindle rotation is, s; P SR (n1) the power of the spindle rotation at spindle speed n1, W; P B the power of the basic module of the machine tool, W; E T the energy consumption of the transient process of the spindle system, J; Step 6, the critical point in time for energy saving through standstill of the spindle of the NC machine tool, can be calculated as follows: t min = 1 2 t TI 2 ( A SR 30 α π + T s α ) + t T 1 B SR + 1 2 t T 2 [ A SR ( 30 α t T 1 π + n 1 ) + T s α t T 1 + 2 B SR ] A SR n 1 + B SR where t T1 denotes the time of the spindle rotation acceleration process, s; A SR the coefficient of the primary term of the formula for spindle rotation power; α the
angular acceleration of the spindle rotation acceleration process, rad / s 2 ; T S the acceleration torque of the spindle rotation acceleration, N·m; B SR the constant term of the formula for spindle rotation power; t T2 the time of the spindle rotation transition process, s; n1 the target speed of the spindle rotation acceleration, r / min; Step 7, the energy saving achieved through the energy-saving method of the NC machine tool's spindle system by means of standstill of rotation, is calculated as follows: E SA = t I ( P SR ( n 1 ) + PB ) − ( t I − t T ) PB − ET where E SA The energy saved through the energy-saving procedure involving standstill is denoted as W; t Ithe time between two
machining operations, s; P SR (n1) the spindle rotational power at spindle speed n1, W; n1 the target speed for the spindle rotational acceleration, rpm; P B the power of the basic module of the machine tool, W; t T the time for the transient acceleration of the spindle rotation, which is the sum of the time for the acceleration of the spindle rotation t T1 and the time for the transition of the spindle rotation t T2 composes, s; E T the energy consumption of the transient spindle system, J; which is further represented as follows: E SA = ( t I − t min ) P SR ( n 1 ) where t I denotes the time between two machining operations, s; t min the critical point for spindle standstill to save energy, s; P SR(n1) the spindle rotational power at spindle speed n1, W; n1 the target speed for the spindle rotational acceleration, r / min.