Provided herein are methods and related compositions for enhancing or enhanced partial
reprogramming of target cells in a subject in need thereof (e.g., a human subject suffering from or at risk of a
disease), the method comprising administering a plurality of mesenchymal lineage
progenitor or stem cells (MLPSCs), exosomes derived therefrom, or conditioned culture media derived therefrom to a subject that expresses or will express one or more
reprogramming factors in a
population of target cells, whereby a plurality of the target cells in the subject become partially reprogrammed, but not fully reprogrammed.